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Biomedical subjects

R Motta

Publications and source records attributed to R Motta.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Sex-dependent effects of non-H-2 loci on lethal GVH reaction induced across an H-2 barrier.

We have studied the influence of DBA/2 non-H-2 antigens on the lethal graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) developed across an H-2 barrier. (DBA/2 X B10.D2)F1 X B10.D2 (H-2d) backcross (BC) mice were typed for their allelic constitution at nine genetically independent chromosome markers and used as individual cell donors simultaneously for two to three (DBA/2 X B10.D2)F1 recipients incompatible for DBA/2 non-H-2 antigens alone and two to three (DBA/2 X B10.BR)F1 recipients incompatible for DBA/2 non-H-2 antigens and H-2k. The results showed that, when compared with that developed in a control group incompatible for H-2k alone [B10.D2----(B10.D2 X B10.BR)F1]; the GVHR mortality seen in the presence of an additional incompatibility for DBA/2 non-H-2 antigens [(DBA/2 X B10.BR)F1 recipients] is significantly delayed but only in female mice. An analysis of individual BC donors indicated that this protective effect of DBA/2 non-H-2 antigens correlates with incompatibility for gene(s) linked to the Pgm-1 chromosome marker. In contrast, incompatibility for gene(s) linked to Mod-1 and Es-3 markers accelerates GVHR mortality, but only in male mice. Finally, the results obtained with (DBA/2 X B10.D2)F1 and (DBA/2 X B10.BR)F1 recipients were compared; they showed that the intensity of the GVHR developed by cells from individual BC donors against a given set of DBA/2 non-H-2 antigens correlates well with that developed by the same BC donor against the same set of non-H-2 antigens plus H-2k. We conclude that certain non-H-2 genes (and antigens) can modulate the intensity of the GVHR developed across an H-2 barrier. The number of such genes is probably great; their effects are strong and complex, and can be sex-dependent.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Aneurysm of right retroesophageal subclavian artery.

A case of aneurysm involving an anomalous right subclavian artery arising from the aortic arch and passing posteriorly to the esophagus is reported. Ischemic syndrome and neurological impairment of the right arm were the symptoms at onset. The diagnostic and operative approach is discussed underlining the technical problems of this type of surgery. The case was successfully treated by resection of the retroesophageal arterial segment and the aneurysm through left thoracotomy and right supraclavicular incision.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Cell kinetics to monitor radioresponsivity in human epidermoid carcinoma.

The clinical relevance of proliferative activity as an indicator of radioresponsivity was investigated in advanced epidermoid carcinomas of the oral cavity. Proliferative activity, determined in vitro as 3H-thymidine labeling index, was assessed before starting radiotherapy and after 10 Gy. In a series of 35 patients, pretreatment proliferative activity was not indicative of response to radiotherapy. Conversely, in the same series of patients, an association was observed between an early variation of proliferative activity induced by 10 Gy and the response to the full course of radiotherapy. The effect on proliferative activity was not related to tumor volume reduction but to long-term clinical response. An inhibition of more or less than 70% was significantly correlated with long-term clinical outcome at 36 months in terms of the probability of local recurrence (29% vs 90%; p = 0.002) and overall survival (55% vs 16%; p = 0.006) at 36 months.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1985

Parameters involved in the induction and abrogation of the lethal graft-versus-host reaction directed against non-H-2 antigens.

The grafting of cells from donors incompatible for non-H-2 antigens alone can lead to GvHR mortality in up to 100% of lethally irradiated adult recipients. GvHR severity correlates with the number of mature immunocompetent cells present in the bone marrow inoculum. Histologic and clinical manifestations of GvHR observed in these mice differ from those seen when GvHR is induced across an H-2 barrier. The number of non-H-2 genes capable of influencing GvHR mortality is probably great, and their effects may vary as a function of sex. The non-H-2 genes influence GvHR mortality mainly via their interactions, the consequences of which are complex and can result in either cumulative or suppressive effects. GvHR mortality is considerably reduced by donor immunization, shortly before grafting, against host-specific non-H-2 antigens; and it is virtually abrogated by an additional immunization of the donors against nonspecific (foreign) H-2 antigens. Three weeks after grafting, these "protected" mice are easily distinguishable from those undergoing lethal GvHR, as assessed by both clinical appearance and histologic examination; in contrast, they are nearly indistinguishable from control mice grafted with syngeneic cells. However, depending upon the conditions used for the immunization, an additional immunization against nonspecific H-2 antigens can lead to acceleration rather than suppression of GvHR mortality; this phenomenon is not seen, under the same experimental conditions, after immunization against specific non-H-2 antigens alone. It is therefore suggested that a "second signal" provided by an additional nonspecific stimulus can potentiate either the establishment of specific suppression or the activation of a secondary ("positive") response. Suppressive effects of the specific and nonspecific immunizations are cumulative, and both treatments activate suppressor cells. The intensity of suppression induced by both specific and nonspecific immunizations is antigen dose-dependent. At equivalent antigen doses the specific immunization is considerably more effective than the nonspecific immunization, and is detectable after injection of as few as 2.5 X 10(5) cells. In both cases, irradiation of the immunizing cells abolishes the suppression induced by the lower cell doses tested, while it merely decreases the intensity of the suppression induced by the higher cell doses tested. The impairment of suppression after irradiation of the immunizing cells is not attributable to a modification of their homing pattern, but to the fact that proliferation of the immunizing cells, which leads to an augmentation of the antigen dose, is abolished by irradiation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Proliferation and migration of grafted hemopoietic cells during a graft-versus-host reaction induced by minor non-H-2 histocompatibility antigens in the mouse.

In our model of GVHR, irradiated (DBA/2 X B10.D2)F1 mice were given splenic and bone marrow cells from B10.D2 donor mice. At different set times after the graft, recipient mice were given a single injection of a radioactive precursor of DNA (125IUdR) and killed one hour later. The radioactivity in excised organs reflected the label incorporation by the proliferating cells. When mice were killed from 1 hour to 96 hours after the label injection the residual radioactivity in individual organs reflected the number of the residual living cells arising from cells which were in S-phase during the label pulse. This study allowed us to specify the dynamics of the cell proliferative activity and the behavior of these proliferating cells through the whole organism at any time of a GVH disease. A very interesting point is that the minor non-H-2 histocompatibility antigens (MiHA) responsible of the GVHR induced a very important and specific stimulation of the grafted cell proliferation in all the non-lymphoid organs with a spatial and timing evolution through the whole organism. A great part of the cells specifically stimulated to divide by the MiHA are very short-lived. The remaining living cells migrate out of the spleen and bone marrow and accumulate into the non-lymphoid organs after a latency period lasting 12-24 hours following the label uptake. This cell invasion was mainly into the liver, vesicular glands, kidneys, salivary glands and lungs.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Aneurysms of the thoracoabdominal aorta.

Five cases of thoracoabdominal aneurysms are reviewed. These cases were observed during the last 10 years and their incidence was 4% of all aortic aneurysms admitted in the same period. In all the patients the Crawford's technique by graft inclusion with visceral vessel reattachment by direct suture, without by-pass, was adopted. Of the five patients, two underwent elective surgery and three emergency surgery. While the mortality rate in the patients operated on election was 0%, on emergency it was 66,6%.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Physiopathological aspects of body overweight in the female climacteric.

The correlation between overweight and the climacteric was studied in 550 menopause clinic patients by investigating certain clinical and sociocultural parameters (age, marital status, educational level, occupation and type of work, calorie intake, smoking habits, parity, blood pressure, previous hormonal therapy and climacteric symptoms), evaluating plasma levels of various hormones (17 beta-oestradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing (LH), testosterone, hydrocortisone, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), growth hormone (GH) and insulin), glucose and various lipid fractions (total lipids, total cholesterol, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), triglycerides and phospholipids) and exploring the blood-clotting pattern ( Owren 's test, euglobulin lysis time, antithrombin III and prothrombin agglutination time (PAT). The subjects were classified as normal weight or overweight by reference to Broca's Index, as modified by Brusch , and the degree of overweight was determined by means of the Body Mass Index (BMI). Of the subjects examined, 49% were overweight and, in successive years following the menopause, there was a growing bipolarization of the weight increase. The correlation between overweight in the climacteric and the parameters considered was found to be significant only in regard to calorie intake, age and educational level. Post-menopausal gonadotrophin levels in blood were significantly lower in the overweight than in the normal-weight women. With the onset of menopause, the plasma level of testosterone fell in the normal-weight women, while it increased, along with that of hydrocortisone, in the overweight women. In the normal-weight women at menopause, it was found that there was a tendency towards a substantial increase in lipid fractions and glycaemia, as well as a state of hypercoagulability. In the overweight women, the tendency was towards an even more marked increase in both glycaemia and the various lipid fractions, and, besides the hypercoagulative state, there was an associated reduction in fibrinolytic activity. It is concluded that the menopause not only causes metabolic changes but also aggravates the metabolic and endocrine tendencies which characterize overweight subjects and thus, clinically, constitutes an obesity risk factor in those women who already demonstrate a tendency towards overweight in the pre-menopausal phase.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

A comparative study of [3H]thymidine and [125I]iodo-2'-deoxyuridine uptake as indicators of in vivo cell proliferation induced by graft-versus-host reaction in the mouse.

Since [3H]thymidine ([3H]TdR) and [125I]iododeoxyuridine ([125I]UdR) appear to label very different cell populations in different tissues, we carried out the present investigation to determine the value and limitations of the use of [125I]UdR as a DNA precursor in a study of grafted cell proliferation during the course of a graft-versus-host reaction in mice. Results showed that the iodine radioisotope was as efficient as [3H]thymidine when endogenous thymidylate synthetase was inhibited by fluorodeoxyuridine. The use of 125I as an in vivo labelling compound constitutes a simple technique for evaluating DNA synthesis, provided the unfixed labelled iodine is eliminated by in vitro ethanol washing of tissues. The optimal conditions for elution are defined but may vary from one tissue to another. [125I]UdR and [3H]TdR give similar pictures of the very intricate phenomena accompanying a chronic graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) induced in mice by minor histoincompatible antigens.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Portal decompression through direct side-to-side mesocaval anastomosis in the management of certain forms of portal hypertension.

When performing a portosystemic shunt in patients with portal hypertension due to pre-hepatic block, a number of technical problems may arise. In these cases direct side-to-side mesocaval anastomosis through an interruption of the duodenum is favoured by the Authors. Two personal cases of young patients successfully treated by this procedure are reported. In both cases a central splenorenal shunt had been previously performed to treat a pre-hepatic block. The patients presented with recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding, which resulted from delayed thrombosis.

Child↗
PubMed1982

Interacting genetic factors controlling the antibody response against the H-2.2 specificity.

The antibody response against the H-2.2 specificity has been studied in three H-2d strains. B10.D2. DBA/2. and BALB/c. and their hybrids (B10.D2 x DBA/2)F1 and (B10.D2 x BALB/c)F1. The genetic control of the response appears to be complex: The three pure strains are responders, whereas both hybrids when immunized with C3H-HTG are nonresponders. Individual analysis of N3 offspring is compatible with the idea that, in this combination, an Ea-4 incompatibility between donor and immunized strain is necessary for the anti-H-2.2 response to occur. H-2d/H-2k hybrids (B10.BR x B10.D2)F1 or (B10.BR x DBA/2)F1 are responders when immunized with C57BL/10 (H-2b) but not with B10.A(2R) (H-2h), indicating that simultaneously recognized H-2 specificities are necessary for the anti-H-2.2 response.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

A multicentre european evaluation of the Kodak EKTACHEM GLU/BUN analyzer using NCCLS guidelines and other approaches.

This paper describes the field performance of the Kodak EKTACHEM GLU/BUN Analyzer for glucose and urea. NCCLS protocols PSEP-2, 3 an 4 were used which enable manufacturers to establish performance claims concerning the precision and accuracy of an analytical system. This multicentre trial used four analysers in four European countries, United Kingdom, France, West Germany and Italy to assess within and between laboratory performances. Freeze dried control materials were used for the performance check experiment PSEP-2 and for the replication experiment PSEP-3. The replication study, although very time consuming, was straight forward to undertake and the results were comparable between centres. Compliance with the protocol for comparison of methods experiment PSEP-4 in which laboratories used their own hospital patient samples was more difficult. The problems with obtaining suitable samples and the performance of comparative methods are discussed in detail.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1981

Lymphoid cell proliferation in non-lymphoid organs during graft-versus-host reactions (GVHR): I. Lack of correlation between mortality and grafted cell proliferation.

The course of development of graft-versus-host reactions (GVHR) following lethal irradiation was compared in two mouse donor-host combinations disparate at non H-2 loci alone or associated to H-2 complex. The pathogenesis of these reactions was very different (mortality rates faster in the second situation for example). The donor cell proliferation kinetics was followed in lymphoid (pooled lymph nodes, spleen, thymus) and in non-lymphoid organs (kidney and liver) from day 0 to day 28 post-transplantation, and showed the same profile in both GVH reactions. Our data emphasize the discordance between the clinical evolution of the GVH disease on one hand, and the stimulation of the grafted cell proliferation on the other hand, induced by a same H-2 disparity. In addition, we have demonstrated the relatively high level of the lymphocyte proliferation in non-lymphoid organs during the course of a GVHR, even in the case of minor histoincompatibility.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Critical analysis of the radioimmunological methods of determining creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB), myoglobin (MG) and of LDH (H4) in ischemic cardiopathy].

We have studied 135 subjects of whom 100 were normal individuals; 10 with diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI); 10 with angina pectoris; 10 undergoing cardiac catheterism; 5 who underwent open heart surgery. To verify the radioimmunoassay usefulness of CPK cardiac isoenzyme (CK-RIA), of lactate dehydrogenase [LDH (H4)], of myoglobin (MG) in the diagnosis of ischemic disease, we have determined for serum samples: LDH (H4) by radioimmunoassay and HBDH by biochemical assay; CK by biochemical assay; CK-MB by biochemical and radioimmunological assay; MG by radioimmunoassay. The results indicate MG as a sensitive marker for the diagnosis of AMI. In fact serial serum determinations in patients with AMI showed myoglobin levels in 60% of the cases within 1 h after the onset of pain. The CK-RIA is the most sensitive test to evaluate infarct size and LDH (H4) conditioned by the amount of intracellular lactate is an useful test to evaluate myocardial anoxia.

Acute Disease↗