Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R N Kleinstein.
A 10-yr-old partially sighted, one-eyed patient with 10/200 distance acuity and no experience in using an optical aid was able to read successfully by using a 10 x Selsi telescope with a + 3.50 D reading cap, an easel to hold in material upright and free his hands to hold the telescope and write, and a high-intensity desk lamp to provide adequate retinal illiumination through a congenital cataract.
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Cancer of the eye is the only ocular disease which directly threatens life. The average annual incidence rate (new cases) in the U.S. is about 1/100,000 population and the estimated prevalence rate (total cases) is about 12/100,000 population. With few exceptions, eye cancer occurs more frequently in whites than in blacks and more often in older than in younger people. The survival rate for persons with localized ocular tumors receiving early treatment is almost 80%. This statistic indicates the importance of optometric detection of this uncommon disease.
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The Optometry Service in the Birmingham Veterans Administration Hospital has been delivering comprehensive vision care to outpatients and inpatients for almost 3 years. The veteran population receiving care and the optometric services provi4ed are described.
Optometrists, like all health care providers, should emphasize primary or preventive care. To provide this care optometrists must be aware of the risk factors for major causes of mortality. As an example, the risk profile for a white male age 45 to 49 years is given and discussed. Suggestions for primary vision care and detection of major risk factors by optometrists are also presented.
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All 319 participants of an intensive continuing education course on optometric hypertension screening at the University of Alabama at Birmingham were surveyed 5 years after completion of the course. Almost 85 percent of 211 responding optometrists reported that they were continuing to screen for hypertension in their practices. They estimated that 24 percent of their patients had hypertension and that of these 11 percent were previously undetected. The criteria used by these optometrists for tentative diagnosis and referral were consistent with currently accepted guidelines. Hypertension screening by optometrists is cost-effective, and this survey suggests that continuing education courses providing intensive didactic and clinical instruction may be an effective method for changing clinicians' behavior. For most optometrists who participated in this continuing education program, the program appears to have positively changed their clinical behavior.