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Biomedical subjects

R N Lebedeva

Publications and source records attributed to R N Lebedeva.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical aspects of the use of nubain, tramal and moradol in patients in the early postoperative period].

Opioid analgesics were used in 282 patients on the first-third day after heart, lung and abdominal surgery. The main indication for their use was pain syndrome. Adequate analgesia with tramal, nubain and moradol was noted in 73, 76 and 81% of cases. In marked pain syndrome after thoracotomy the most effective agents were moradol and morphine. Computer monitoring of the respiratory function in tramal analgesia has shown a decrease in lung ventilation, esophageal pressure, inhalation volume, O2 production. Tramal, nubain and moradol in analgesic doses did not inhibit respiration. In adequate analgesia there was a decrease in lung ventilation which was not accompanied by shifts in acid-base balance of the arterial blood. The above analgesics had no considerable effect on systemic hemodynamics, though the use of tramal decreased systemic blood pressure and the use of moradol decreased systemic blood pressure and total peripheral vascular resistance. Tramal was most effective for synchronization of spontaneous respiration with a lung ventilation device in prolonged ventilation, as well as for the arrest of muscular tremor in the postoperative period. Tramal was effective in 95% of patients in the early post-anesthesia and postoperative period.

Butorphanol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The status of the receptor-controlled calcium metabolism of the thrombocytes in patients in the early postoperative period].

Basic changes in receptor-controlled platelet calcium metabolism that occur in the early postoperative period under the effect of aggregation-inducing hormones--platelet activation factor (PAF), adenosine phosphate (ADP) and vasopressin--are reviewed. Patients after lung surgery and patients with ischemic heart disease after aortocoronary bypass surgery have been examined. Patients operated on for malignant lung tumours developed increased postoperative sensitivity to ADP, while in patients after aortocoronary bypass surgery the early postoperative period was characterized by decreased sensitivity to PAF and vasopressin.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical use of tramal in patients in the early postoperative period].

Tramal was given to 204 patients who were operated on the lung, heart, abdomen. During pain therapy, good and satisfactory results were on average obtained in 75% patients operated on the lung, in 77%, on the heart, in 89%, on the abdomen, in 70%, on the great vessels. The absence of the inhibitory effect of the drug on the respiratory center and its slightly marked sedative effect allow one to recommend the agent for application in the early period following the surgery when narcotic analgesics still retain their effect and a real risk of their overdosage exists. During prolonged artificial pulmonary ventilation in the early postoperative period and in impaired adaptation of the patients to a respirator, tramal aids normalization of lung mechanics and hemodynamic parameters without eliminating and suppressing the patients' consciousness and results in cessation of muscular shivering. Adverse effects of tramal are of no decisive clinical significance and occur mainly when the drug is rapidly injected into the vein.

Cyclohexanols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Disorders of O2 transport and their correction in heart surgery patients].

Basic factors of O2 transport disturbances and mechanisms of their compensation have been studied in 1200 patients after cardiac surgery. It has been shown that O2 transport decrease is induced by damages in oxygenating blood function, decreased cardiac performance and hemoglobin blood level, oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve deviation and changes in Hb affinity to O2 with regard to 2,3-DPG content. The causes of arterial O2 transport damage affect the treatment procedures, including oxygen therapy, controlled lung ventilation, erythrocyte mass transfusion, inotropic drug administration, hypothermia.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Current methods of assessing hemodynamics in the intensive care unit (comparative aspects)].

The paper deals with comparative characterization of validity shown by current techniques for assessing hemodynamic parameters such as radiocardiography, echocardiography, Doppler cardiography, electroimpedance indicator separation, alveolar gas carbon dioxide concentration change technique, tetrapolar chest rheography and their potential role in the practice of intensive care and resuscitation units.

Hemodynamics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Several aspects of septic shock in lung surgery].

It was established that septic shock is a rare (0.2%) but the severest (5 of 6 patients died) complication in pulmonary surgery and is a consequence of the spread of postoperative wound infection or pyo-inflammatory process in the lung for which the operation was performed. The staphylococcus and nonfermentative Gram-negative bacteria prevail among the causative agents of septicemia. The most typical clinical signs of septic shock are acute circulatory insufficiency with rapid development of insufficiency of the function of the brain, kidneys, liver, and intestinal paresis in a febrile patient with a severe postoperative wound infection or in one operated on for a disseminated pyo-inflammatory disease in the lung. Precise determination of the indications for operation, careful preoperative treatment of the pyo-inflammatory processes, immediate establishment of the diagnosis, and timely removal of the localized focus of infection are important in preventing septic shock.

Adult↗