Biomedical subjects

R N Rankin

Publications and source records attributed to R N Rankin.

76 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Percutaneous embolotherapy of lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

PURPOSE: To evaluate percutaneous embolotherapy in the treatment of lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-one patients who underwent attempted percutaneous embolization for acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding between 1982 and 1997 were retrospectively studied. Hemorrhagic sites included jejunum (n = 4), ileum (n = 4), cecum (n = 4), and the remaining colon (n = 9). RESULTS: Embolization was not technically possible in four patients (19%). Hemostasis was achieved in 15 patients (71%) with prolonged hemostasis in 10 (48%). All embolizations distal to the cecum resulted in prolonged hemostasis. Three of four patients with jejunal bleeding had recurrent bleeding after apparent successful embolization. Only one of four cecal embolizations achieved prolonged cessation of bleeding. No ischemic complications were identified. CONCLUSION: Based on these data, it would appear that the risk of bowel ischemia/infarction in the lower gastrointestinal tract may not be as high as has been suggested. Two regions (cecum and proximal jejunum) were associated with poor results, suggesting these areas may not be as responsive to embolotherapy as other sites in the lower gastrointestinal tract.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Detachable balloon occlusion of bronchopleural fistulae in dogs.

The use of detachable balloon occlusion in closure of bronchopleural fistulae was investigated in eight dogs. Fistula occlusion could not be achieved in one dog, and the balloon was not large enough to occlude a fistula in a second dog. Satisfactory fistula occlusion was achieved in the remaining six dogs. All fistulae occluded were shown to be satisfactorily healed at ten days. There were no significant sequelae to bronchial occlusion during this period. Detachable balloon occlusion of bronchopleural fistulae has the potential for satisfactory fistula control prior to more definitive surgery.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Problems in assessment of pulmonary parenchymal consolidation in heart transplant candidates.

Radiologic assessment of the cause of pulmonary parenchymal consolidation in end-stage heart failure may be difficult. From August 1982 to May 1989, 22 patients being considered for orthotopic cardiac allografts had parenchymal consolidation on their chest radiographs, most commonly in the right lower lobe. Our purpose was to determine from standard radiologic studies whether this consolidation represented alveolar pulmonary edema in an atypical basal distribution, pneumonia, or pulmonary infarction. This differentiation is important because pneumonia is an absolute and infarction is a relative contraindication to surgery, whereas successful transplantation can be performed in a setting of pulmonary edema. The chest radiographs were reviewed retrospectively. When available, pulmonary angiograms, nuclear medicine ventilation/perfusion scans, and needle biopsy findings were also evaluated. The radiologic assessment was correlated with the results of surgical, autopsy, or clinical outcome. None of the conventional modalities was very accurate--the plain chest film was correct in only 63%, nuclear medicine studies in 50%. Angiography was the single most useful test, with an accuracy of 75%.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Iohexol vs. diatrizoate. A comparative study in intravenous urography.

A randomized double-blind study comparing the use of iohexol with diatrizoate in intravenous urography was performed in 435 patients in nine centers. Contrast media were evaluated for safety, incidence of adverse side effects, and efficacy. Multiple hematologic and biochemical parameters were observed, as well as blood pressure and pulse, at intervals before and after injection. Severity, nature, and duration of side effects were recorded together with the attending physician's clinical assessment. Coned radiographs of the kidneys were done immediately after injection and were repeated at 1-, 5-, 10-, and 20-minute intervals. Films were evaluated for quality of image. A significantly higher number of excellent studies were obtained with iohexol than with diatrizoate. Remarkably few side effects and adverse reactions reported for iohexol establish the safety and suitability of this nonionic contrast medium for intravenous urography.

Adult↗