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Biomedical subjects

R N Sampaio

Publications and source records attributed to R N Sampaio.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Clinical observations of unresponsive mucosal leishmaniasis.

We report the long-term clinical follow-up of two patients with unresponsive mucosal leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis from the Três Braços area in Bahia State, Brazil. Both were agricultural male workers with extensive upper respiratory mucosal involvement that was not cured with conventional and experimental therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

High continuous antimony therapy in two patients with unresponsive mucosal leishmaniasis.

The treatment of two patients with severe mucosal leishmaniasis due to Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis is described. Both patients had received much prior antimonial therapy and one had relapsed after a total dose of 2.5 g of Amphotericin B. Both patients responded to prolonged continuous Pentostam therapy at a daily dose of 20 mg Sbv/kg/day for 62 days in one case and for 85 days in the other. Pentavalent antimonials can be curative in such protracted courses in selected patients unresponsive to standard chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Current aspects of endemic mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil].

Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis has a large incidence in Brazil. Biochemical, immunological and biological studies have characterized three disease agents: Leishmania mexicana amazonensis, Leishmania brasiliensis guyanensis and Leishmania brasiliensis brasiliensis; these have distinct geographical distributions. The last one is the most common and is the most difficult to treat. Destructive mucosal lesions can occur days, months or years after the cutaneous lesions. The Montenegro intradermal test, biopsy, smears of the border of ulcers and indirect immunofluorescence are the auxiliary diagnostic methods currently in use. The only effective drugs for the treatment of this disease are pentavalent antimonials and amphotericin B. After clinical cure, relapses can occur, and there are rare cases with mucosal lesions that are resistant to all forms of treatment.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1979

Nifurtimox in the treatment of South American leishmaniasis.

A trial of Nifurtimox (Lampit) in 26 patients with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is reported. 13 patients with cutaneous lesions and 13 patients with mucosal disease were treated with a daily oral divided dose of 10 mg/kg body-weight for 30 days. 46% of the cutaneous cases and only 15% of the mucosal cases apparently responded to this regimen during at least one year of follow up. The difficulties of assessing cure in this disease are briefly discussed. We consider that Nifurtimox remains an investigational drug. While possibly exhibiting some anti-leishmanial activity it cannot be recommended for routine use in either form of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Treatment of the mucosal form of leishmaniasis without response to glucantime, with liposomal amphotericin B].

We treated six patients with mucosal leishmaniasis who failed to respond to glucantime (20 mg/kg/day) with ambisome (2-5 grams total dose). The daily dose was 2-3 mg/kg/day given for a minimum of 20 days. After 26-38 months of follow up, five patients were clinically cured. One relapsed after six months. No side effects of therapy were observed apart from headache after infection. Ambisome is a therapeutic option for patients with mucosal leishmaniasis unresponsive to antimonials.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The evaluation of the tolerance and nephrotoxicity of pentavalent antimony administered in a dose of 40 mg Sb V/kg/day, 12/12 hr, for 30 days in the mucocutaneous form of leishmaniasis].

The renal function of eleven patients with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis was analyzed in a prospective study realized at the School Hospital of University of Brasília. The patients were treated with doses of 40 mg/kg/day of pentavalent antimony (Sb V), in a continuous scheme during thirty days. In this study three patients were excluded, one patient with reversible renal failure and two patients with hepatic and cardiac malfunctions. In the other eight patients, severe nephrotoxic effects were observed, like reduction of glomerular filtration rate, reduction of the urinary concentration capacity, evaluated by a sixteen hours hydric fasting and an increase of sodium fractional excretion. An increase in the number of leucocytes and cylinders were observed at the urinary sediment exam. Finally, the results shows that the treatment with pentavalent antimony in doses of 40 mg Sb/kg/day was less tolerated on account of its renal toxic effects. This scheme seems not be superior than the currently preconized scheme of 20 mg of Sb V/kg/day during 30 days.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[American cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Federal District].

In the present study, we report 11 cases of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL) in patients living in the Federal District who had not left their area of residence for a period ranging from six months to two years before the onset of the disease. Six of the eleven patients live in the suburban town of Planaltina. All showed a positive Leishmanin intradermal reaction. Ten of them presented the parasite in their lesions. Leishmania (V) braziliensi was identified in the lesions of two patients by the monoclonal antibody method. Nine patients were treated with pentavalent antimoy and two with pentamidine. Relapse occurred in two cases after treatment with antimony. In view of the detection of vectors and infected patients in the Federal District, it is probable that Leishmania infection is occurring in Brasilia and its suburban areas.

Adolescent↗