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Biomedical subjects

R Negroni

Publications and source records attributed to R Negroni.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Bacterial allergy in allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma.

Nineteen patients suffering from allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma were studied for bacterial allergy with Staphylococcus aureus, Kelbsiella pneumoniae and Diplococcus pneumoniae. Allergy skin tests, provocative tests and the Migratory Inhibition Factor were employed. The correlation indicates to the authors that bacterial allergy is more important than bacterial "infection" as a cause of allergic rhinitis and asthma in many instances. This is often overlooked by practicing allergists.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1979

[Therapy of opportunistic mycoses].

The author presents the drugs that are available for the treatment of opportunistic mycoses: amphotericin B, nystatin, 5-fluorocytosine, miconazole and the newest imidazole derivative econazole. He presents his experience with econazole in 4 cases with deep mycoses. He speaks of the mode of application and the therapeutical limits of these products as well as of the favorable factors and the prophylactic measures to be taken.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Study of yeast phase Histoplasma capsulatum antigens used for skin tests].

The results of skin tests with two antigens of the yeast phase of Histoplasma capsulatum are presented. Both antigens were able to fix complement and form precipitating bands in the presence of sera from patients with active histoplasmosis. Their sensitivity was lower than the metabolic antigen usually employed in serology. Results of skin tests obtained with both yeast phase antigens and a standard histoplasmin coincided in animals infected with H. capsulatum. Only one cross reaction was observed in animals inoculated with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Skin tests in humans were conducted on patients with and without mycotic disease. The percentages of positive reactions in patients with histoplasmosis were not significantly different between control histoplasmin and whole cell extracts. In the patients with non mycotic diseases the frequency of positive tests varied between 28.8% and 32%, which agrees with previous statistical data for the general population of the area. Equally the positive percentage of 55% and 68% in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis coincided with the results of previous studies. The histological patterns of these skin tests showed that they were produced by cell mediated hypersensitivity. The sensitivity of a whole yeast cell extract was similar to histoplasmin L48, but its preparation was quicker and easier to perform and it had no foreign substances from the culture medium, so we think that it would be easier to standardize it chemically.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Results of miconazole therapy in twenty-eight patients with paracoccidioidomycosis (South American blastomycosis).

Results are presented of treatment with miconazole, orally and intravenously, in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis. Twenty-eight male patients aged from 34 to 66 years and exhibiting various clinical forms of the disease were studied. Twenty-five came from endemic areas in north east Argentina (Chaco, Formosa, Misiones, Corrientes and northern Santa Fe) and the remaining three from Paraguay. Twenty patients were engaged in agricultural work or at woodmills. single or multiple lesions were observed in 24 cases. Thirteen were suffering from infection of the larynx and in two of them a tracheotomy was necessary. Twenty-three showed pulmonary lesions on X-rays. Twelve had ganglionic lesions, eight had cutaneous lesions and one patient had osteoarthritis of the knee. One patient had hepatomegaly which was unrelated to chronic alcoholism. Fourteen patients had received previous treatments such as sulphonamides and amphotericin B (7 cases); sulphonamides (3), sulphonamides and the combination sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim (3), and one patient had received all three medications. All patients had relapsed before starting miconazole therapy. Diagnosis was established by the presence of P. brasiliensis in all cases, recovered either from cutaneous or mucosal biopsy samples or from the sputum. Complement fixation tests were positive in all patients at the onset of the treatment and the immunodiffusion reactions showed precipitation bands in 27/28 patients. Skin tests with P. brasiliensis antigens proved to be positive in 18 cases and negative in 10. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was markedly accelerated in 22 patients (greater than 20 mm in the first hour).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

Depletion of complement in vivo and in vitro by extracts of Aspergillus fumigatus.

A new, nontoxic material extracted from Aspergillus fumigatus, is described with complement-depletion capacity both in vivo and in vitro. Extracts of the mycelium of A. fumigatus were found to haemolyse sheep red blood cells, to be lethal for mice and to convert C3 into its faster electrophoretic form when incubated with normal human serum. Conversion did not take place when purified C3 was used, suggesting that serum factors were required in the reaction. Adsorption of the extracts with activated carbon or heating at 100 degrees C for 30 min yielded detoxified materials devoid of both toxic and haemolytic properties but still capable of converting serum C3. In guinea pigs, administration of detoxified extracts was followed by complement depletion lasting not less than 48 h. Heating (100 degrees C for 30 min) extracts which had been previously detoxified by carbon adsorption resulted in a partial loss (40%) of their complement-inhibitory capacity indicating that part of the anticomplementarity of AFE was due to a heat-stable substance.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Study of the aerobic bacterial flora of onycolysis and paronychia caused by Candida].

The aerobic bacterial flora of 63 cases of onicolysis 78 of paronychis and 5 of onicomadesis produced by yeast-like fungus were studied. Bacterial isolation was carried out in nutrient agar with a concentration of 10 mug/ml of nystatin. These microorganisms were identified following the Otto Bier and Bailey & Scott's techniques (3, 1). Bacterial contamination was very frequent. One species or more were isolated from 93,6% of onicolysis and 97% of paronychis. The onicolysis presented the following flora: "Staphylococcus aureus" in 22 cases, "Staphylococcus epidermidis" in 21, Gram positive sporulated bacilli in 17, "Enterobacteriaceae" in 13, and "Pseudomona aeruginosa" in 6. The paronychial lesions showed the following flora: "Staphylococcus aureus" in 21 cases, "Staphylococcus epidermidis" in 26, Gram positive sporulated bacilli in 17, "Enterobacteriaceae" in 17 and "Pseudomona aeruginosa" in 3. It is important to emphasize that "Pseudomona aeruginosa" was isolated in a few cases of both types of candidal onixis, contrary to usual reports (2, 4, 9). No significant difference between the aerobic bacterial flora of the onicolysis and paronychia was found, that would give an explanation of the existence of these two clinical forms of candidal nails infection.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1976

[Preparation and study of a Paracoccidioides antigen needed for skin tests].

A cellular antigen from Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, obtained from the supernate of the disrupted yeast phase, was studied. It was prepared by a method similar to that for obtaining the spherulin from Coccidioides immitis. This antigen is composed of 55 mug/mg of polysaccharides, determined by the phenol method, and 7-8 mug/mg of protein, determined by Folin-Ciocalteu's technique. In vitro tests of antigenicity were done by immunodiffusion and complement fixation. The optimum dilution of the antigen was 0-5 mg/ml determined by microtiter complement fixation. The in vivo standardization of the cellular paracoccidioidin was performed on three groups of patients. The first was composed of 56 patients with mycologically proved paracoccidioidomycosis. The disease was active in 32 and clinically healed in 24 of this group. The second was composed of 15 cases of histoplasmosis with strong histoplasmin skin tests. The third group were 70 patients with no mycotic pulmonary diseases who had come from different zones in Argentina. Each individual was injected with 0-1 ml cellular paracoccidioidin (3 mg/ml), 0-1 ml of Fava Netto's antigen diluted 1/10, and 0-1 ml histoplasmin L48, diluted 1/100. The cellular paracoccidioidin skin test was positive in 44/56 (78.5%) patients with paracoccidioidomycosis. The Fava Netto's antigen gave 42 (75%) positive results and the histoplasmin skin tests gave 28 (50%) in the same group. Twenty-eight (50%) presented positive histoplasmin skin tests. The paracoccidioidin skin test was positive in 2 of the histoplasmosis group (13-3%) and the Fava Netto's antigen gave 3 positive results in the same group (20%). The histoplasmin skin test was positive in 32% of the individuals with no mycotic disease. Ten per cent of these exhibited positive reaction with both P. brasiliensis antigens. Of those paracoccidioidomycosis cases (Group 1) who had negative skin tests with 3 mg/ml of the cellular paracoccidioidin 7/10 gave positive skin tests when tested at a concentration of 8 mg/ml. Characteristic changes of cell medicated hypersensitivity were observed in the histopathological studies of the cellular paracoccidioidin skin test.

Antigens, Fungal↗
PubMed1975

Hemolytic, cytotoxic and complement inactivating properties of extracts of different species of Aspergillus.

Some of the biological properties of saline extracts of the mycelia of several species of the Aspergillus genus, namely, A. fumigatus, A. flavus, A. niger, A. nidulans, A. parasitucus and A. glaucus, were studied. Only the extract prepared from A. fumigatus was found to be hemolytic for sheep red blood cells. In contrast, all the extracts with the only exception of that of A. glaucus, had cytotoxic effects on Vero cells. Both, the hemolytic and cytotoxic constituents of the extracts were removable by adsorption with activated carbon. Heating of the extracts at 100 degrees C for 30 minutes also resulted in detoxification. In vivo studies, performed only with detoxified extracts of A. fumigatus, showed these were capable of depleting complement levels in guinea pigs. Complement inactivation was also found to occur in vitro and was cuased by all the extracts tested. Also triggered by the extracts was the conversion of serum C3 but not of purified C3, indicating that other serum factors are essential in the process. Despite the similarity in this respect with cobra venom factor, differences in activity after heating-negative in cobra venom factor-indicate that the complement inactivating substance/s present in the Aspergillus extracts differ from those of the snake product.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Immunodiffusion tests in gel media with the addition of polyethyleneglycol 6000 for the serodiagnosis of mycoses].

Different immunodiffusion techniques with and without the addition of polyetilenglycol 6000 (PEG), were studied to determine its effect on the sensitivity of these reactions. One hundred thirteen sera from patients who suffered or had suffered deep mycoses (paracoccidioidomycosis: 49, histoplasmosis: 25, aspergillosis: 25, candidiasis: 8 and coccidioidomycosis: 6) were examined by the quantitative Ouchterlony's immunodiffusion procedure. Regular medium and media with 2% and 4% PEG were used. Eighty two out of the one hundred thirteen sera were positive for the regular medium and 91 for the medium containing 2% of PEG; furthermore, an increase of 1 or 2 two fold dilutions in the titers was observed in 40% of the sera, for the later media. Twenty one sera from aspergillosis cases were examined by agarose gel immunoelectrophoresis, 80% had more precipitin bands in the medium with 2% of PEG. Thirty four serum samples of patients suffering aspergillosis, paracoccidioidomycosis and histoplasmosis were studied using the agarose electroosmophoresis with the secondary immunodiffusion test. An increase in the number of the anodic bands were observed in 55% while 64% presented more catodic bands, when the PEG medium was used. This results would indicate that the addition of 2% PEG 6000 to the regular medium improves the sensitivity of the immunodiffusion tests for mycoses.

Antigens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of serologic cross reactions between the antigens of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Histoplasma capsulatum].

A comparative study of serologic cross-reactions between histoplasmosis and paracoccidioidomycosis was carried out using complement fixation (CF) and agar gel immunodiffusion (ID) tests. Sera from 77 patients with paracoccidioidomycosis, 38 with histoplasmosis and 50 healthy individuals were studied. The Pan American Health Organization microtiter CF test and the Hupper ID technique were employed. The antigens were prepared by the method of Ajello as modified by Negroni. Paracoccidioidin CF test was positive in all patients with paracoccidioidomycosis; 29 of these (37%) presented serologic cross-reaction with histoplasmin. Histoplasmin CF test was positive in all but one of the patients with histoplasmosis and only 4 of them (10%) showed cross-reaction with paracoccidioidin. Positive reactions with the ID test were registered in 74/77 cases of paracoccidiodomycosis, with only one case of cross-reaction (1,3%). The result for the ID test was positive in all but one of the cases of histoplasmosis, with only one cross-reaction with paracoccidiodin (2,7%). The ID test seemed to be much more specific although it could be less sensitive. It was also easier to perform and less expensive than the CF test. Nevertheless the authors urge that the CF test also be carried out whenever posible, since the information obtained is likely to be of more value in follow-up and control of patients.

Antigens, Fungal↗