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Biomedical subjects

R Noack

Publications and source records attributed to R Noack.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Recommendations for the diagnosis and therapy of meningitis, Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome and encephalitis in childhood].

Representatives of the working group of "Neuropaediatrics" and "Infectology" like to present recommendations on diagnostics and treatment of infectious diseases on the CNS. Individual opinions can not be considered in recommendations always. Therefore we have to understand these recommendations in this way that individual decisions will not be restricted in special situations.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[The clinico-diagnostic value of C-reactive protein, determined by simple radial immunodiffusion and compared with latex agglutination].

Importance of CRP-determination in rapid diagnosis of septic diseases in children is being examined. Specificity and sensitivity of white blood cell count, thrombocyte count, blood sedimentation rate, differential blood count and CRP were evaluated statistically. Rapid diagnosis was performed with sera of 95 patients shortly after being admitted on ward. The values of children with serious bacterial diseases were compared with those of children with serious abacterial ones. Significant superiority of CRP was established. To be successful a rapid and simple method must be available. In our study combined measurement of CRP by latex agglutination and RID has turned out to be advantageous for early detection of bacterial infection.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1989

Influence of early postnatal overnutrition of rats on fatty acid composition of membrane lipids.

The influence of early postnatal overnutrition on fatty acid composition of erythrocyte, thrombocyte and liver mitochondria membrane lipids was studied in male rats (3, 6 and 11 months old) reared in small nests (2 pups per dam) in comparison to normally bred rats (12 pups per dam). Independent of age elevated proportions of palmitic and stearic acid at the expense of linoleic and arachidonic acid were found in all membrane lipids investigated in the postnatally overfed animals. These changes are discussed in relation to the enhanced lipogenesis with increased body fat accumulation in this animal model of a dietary induced obesity.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1989

[The growth of rats in renal compensatory adaptation in feeding with a supplemented diet of hydroxy-analogs of essential amino acids].

Rats were fed protein-restricted after unilateral nephrectomy (6.7% casein). Comparatively other animals were fed with experimental diets, at which 20% of the casein have been replaced by Ketosteril or a mixture of hydroxy acid. The constituents of this mixture are in accordance with the molar relation of all Ketosteril components. However, sodium solts of hydroxy acids of leucine, isoleucine and valin replace the corresponding keto acids of Ketosteril. The other components of the mixture consist of free amino acids. The efficiency of protein utilisation was judged by the relation of increased body weight and nitrogen intake. The efficiency of protein utilisation of both supplemented diets is 2.5 times higher compared with the casein diet.

Amino Acids, Essential↗
PubMed1989

[Purulent meningitis in childhood caused by Haemophilus influenzae with ampicillin and chloramphenicol resistance].

A report is given on two children suffering from meningitis caused by ampicillin- and chloramphenicol-resistent Haemophilus influenzae. Since effective therapy has been started with delay, recovery was affected with complications. The need for the early determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations and detection of beta-lactamase-production is emphasized as well as for repeated measurement of C-reactive protein in serum. Cefotaxime is recommended in case of presence of resistent Haemophilusstrains.

Ampicillin Resistance↗
PubMed1988

[The metabolism of various acaloric compounds with fatlike properties in rats].

Pseudofats as total substituted long-chain esters and ethers of polyhydroxyl compounds (sucrose, triglycerol, and polyethyleneglycol) are more or less indifferent against gastrointestinal enzymes, but display specific metabolic effects on lipid metabolism especially on cholesterol synthesis in liver, plasma lipid level, and fecal cholesterol excretion. Among the different tested compounds there exist similarities as well as differences, which are to consider as an indication for a specific relationship between structure and effect. These relations are more closely investigated and critically discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Studies on the postprandial thermogenic action of proteins and protein mixtures in rats.

The postprandial thermogenic action of different proteins and their mixtures dependent on their biological value was estimated in rats by indirect calorimetry with special reference to the reproducibility of the evaluation of the postprandial metabolic rate. The absolute thermogenic action (related to the food energy intake) of casein, white-egg protein and gelatine, fed in combination with wheat starch (1:1), amounted to 11.4%, 14.5% and 17.8%, respectively. Mixtures of casein with gelatine (ratio 1:1 and 1:2) as well as the mixture of casein with glycine (in such amount as in the casein-gelatine mixture of 1:1) lead to a postprandial thermogenic action of 16.1%, 19.2% and 14.5%, respectively. If proteins of distinctly different biological value are compared an inverse correlation to their postprandial thermogenic action can be demonstrated which reflects partly theoretical approaches to the ATP yielding capacity, calculated from the amino-acid pattern of the proteins and their mixtures.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Relations between enzyme activities connected with energy metabolism and parameters of food energy utilization in young and adult rats. Part 1. Studies on dietary effects on weight, body composition and energy gain.

Weaned male Wistar rats were fed ad libitum besides standard pellets a normal-protein (NP), a low-protein (LP) and a high-fat (HF) diet for different periods of time. In comparison to rats on the NP diet the body weight of the LP group was significantly lower after seven weeks feeding, not after a duration of about forty weeks. No remarkable diet-related differences were detected by determination of the mean body composition and of the relative gross energy content of the body neither after seven nor forty weeks. Total gross energy intake was practically identical both for the NP and LP rats irrespective on the duration of the feeding period. A significantly lower quotient of body energy gain/total gross energy intake under the protein-restrictive LP diet after seven weeks suggests the expression of an energy dissipation obviously no longer visible after a long time feeding period.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Relations between enzyme activities connected with energy metabolism and parameters of food energy utilization in young and adult rats. Part 2. Enzyme activities related to alpha-glycerophosphate shuttle in various tissues.

The possible significance of food composition connected with the alpha-glycerophosphate (alpha GP) shuttle, a putative metabolic pathway of energy dissipation, was investigated at the level of enzyme activities. Liver, adipose tissue, slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscle of weaned male Wistar rats fed ad libitum for seven and for forty weeks a normal-protein (NP), a low-protein (LP), and a high-fat (HF) diet were examined. No striking dietary influences on cytosalic (NAD-linked glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase) and mitochondrial (succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome c oxidase) enzyme activities could be detected, but mitochondrial alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (m-GPDH) showed an about twofold increase of its activity in the liver of LP-fed animals after seven weeks. A relationship between the "gross efficiency of food energy utilization" and tissue m-GPDH levels could not be established in general. The proposed inducing effect of a LP diet on the magnitude of the GP shuttle observed in the liver of young and adult rats seems to be interconnected reciprocally with the degree of metabolic energy dissipation only under the conditions of growth. The calculated capacities of the alpha GP shuttle are compatible with the assumption of its function as an energy dissipating pathway which is restricted in its magnitude.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1987

Diet-induced thermogenesis in man: thermic effects of single protein and carbohydrate test meals in lean and obese subjects.

Postprandial thermogenesis of 8 healthy males of normal body weight and 17 healthy obese subjects with a body weight gain of more than 10 kg per year was measured continuously by means of a respiratory chamber over 10 h after test meals of 1 and 2 MJ protein (casein) and 2 MJ carbohydrate (hydrolized starch). The total thermic response to all test meals was reduced by about 50% in the obese subjects. The thermic response was related to body weight, energy intake, resting metabolic rate and weight loss during restricted energy intake. The necessity for a careful characterization of the obese subjects in studies of thermogenesis and of efficiency of energy utilization in obesity is pointed out. It is suggested that thermic response to food can be considered as a suitable indicator for the distinction between people of different metabolic efficiency.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1986

The influence of early postnatal overnutrition on peripheric thyroxine metabolism in rats.

The influence of postnatal overnutrition on thyroid metabolism in later life was studied in male rats reared in small nests (2 pups per dam). At an age of 3 months postnatally overfed rats differ from normally bred rats (12 pups per dam) by a significant higher thyroxine and lower triiodothyronine concentration in plasma. Kinetic data of thyroxine metabolism point out a lower fractional turnover rate and a lower metabolic clearance rate per 100 g body mass corresponding with a reduced 131I-uptake by the thyroid gland. A lower energy intake per metabolic mass unit and a lower energy need for maintenance in postnatally overfed rats calculated from intake and body mass development are discussed in respect of correlations between changes of thyroid hormone metabolism and efficiency of energy utilization.

Animals↗