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Biomedical subjects

R Nyberg-Hansen

Publications and source records attributed to R Nyberg-Hansen.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Functional cervical myelography with iohexol.

Thirty patients underwent functional cervical myelography, i.e. radiographs in the lateral view were obtained in extension as well as in flexion of the neck. Sagittal tomography was performed in both positions. Widening of the subarachnoid space and decreased sagittal diameter of the spinal cord due to shortening were demonstrated in the lateral view in flexion. In some cases with advanced narrowing or spinal block in extension, such widening in flexion resulted in better diagnostic images by providing passage of the contrast medium caudally. Although iohexol (Omnipaque, Nyegaard & Co., Oslo) was regularly forced into the posterior cranial fossa by the movements, the frequency of side effects was approximately the same as in our former trials with iohexol in conventional cervical myelography. EEG changes occurred in two patients (7%). A sitting position for 3-4 min after the examination followed by an elevated head end of the bed was probably important for preventing side effects from the contrast medium. Specific questioning revealed twice as many subjective side effects as reported after general questions alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Carbamazepine therapy in restless legs. Discrimination between responders and non-responders.

One hundred and seventy-four patients suffering from restless legs were included in a double-blind trial. Eighty-four patients were treated with carbamazepine (CBZ) and 90 with placebo. Discrimination analysis was carried out in order to characterize the patients who did not benefit from the treatment. Patients treated with CBZ were divided into responders and non-responders. A discriminant function classified 15 out of 19 actual non-responders as non-responders and 60 out of 65 actual responders as responders. By using the "leaving-one-out" technique, 14 of the non-responders and 57 of the responders were still correctly classified. The probability of erroneously classifying a patient increased from about 10 to 15% by this correction. The discriminant function classified approximately 80% of the patients in the placebo group as responders to CBZ.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A comparison of pulsed Doppler spectral analysis and intravenous digital subtraction angiography in the detection of carotid occlusive disease.

The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of pulsed Doppler spectral analysis and intravenous digital subtraction angiography (IVDSA), in the detection of carotid occlusive disease. In 132 carotid arteries the results of these two examinations have been assessed independently and compared with findings by conventional arteriography. All 39 stenoses causing a diameter reduction of more than 25% were found by Doppler examination and 36 (92%) by IVDSA. Twelve occlusions of the internal carotid artery, shown by conventional arteriography, were also detected by Doppler examination and 11 (92%) by IVDSA. Both Doppler and IVDSA detected 56% of the lesions which reduced the diameter by less than 25%. All 54 arteriographically normal vessels were assessed correctly by Doppler examination and 53 (98%) of them by IVDSA. This study shows that Doppler and IVDSA are well suited for assessing patients with symptoms suggestive of carotid occlusive disease, both methods being accurate in the detection of lesions which reduce the diameter of the carotid artery by more than 25%.

Carotid Artery Thrombosis↗
PubMed1984

Treatment of the restless legs syndrome with carbamazepine: a double blind study.

One hundred and seventy four patients suffering from the restless legs syndrome were examined in a double blind, between patient, placebo controlled study in general practice for five weeks to investigate the effects of carbamazepine and placebo on the syndrome. The syndrome was more common among middle aged women with relatively low systolic blood pressure. The median haemoglobin concentration was about average for the population, but the severity of the symptoms seemed to increase with decreasing concentrations of haemoglobin. Both placebo and carbamazepine showed a significant therapeutic effect (p less than 0.01). Carbamazepine was significantly more effective than placebo (p less than or equal to 0.03). The significant therapeutic effect of placebo in restless legs showed that only double blind controlled trials can confirm the efficacy of suggested treatments.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1984

Cervical myelography with iohexol.

An open study with iohexol (Omnipaque) in cervical myelography has been performed in 20 patients to evaluate the properties and neurotoxicity of this new water soluble contrast medium. The image quality was good (30%) or excellent (70%) in all cases. The frequency of headache was 25%. No EEG changes were severe and the total frequency was 20%. We conclude that this study supports other reports of iohexol having a low neurotoxicity and is well suited for intrathecal use.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Iohexol compared to metrizamide in cervical and thoracic myelography. A randomized double blind parallel study.

A randomized double blind study with iohexol (Omnipaque) and metrizamide (Amipaque) in cervical myelography was performed in 50 patients, 29 with iohexol and 21 with metrizamide. The myelographies were performed either with lumbar or with C1-C2 puncture in about equal groups, using 300 mg I/ml and 240 mg I/ml of the contrast media respectively. The image quality was equal with both contrast media, excellent in about 4/5 and good in 1/5 of the examinations. Subjective side effects were twice as frequent with metrizamide as with iohexol. The most frequent side effect was headache, occurring in 34% with iohexol and in 67% with metrizamide. Altogether 24% or the patients had EEG changes after iohexol as compared to 47% after metrizamide. All EEG changes were slight dysrythmia-except in three patients with spike activity after metrizamide. These were the only ones with mental reactions as well. It can be concluded that in this trial iohexol was better suited for cervical myelography than metrizamide.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Detection of carotid occlusive disease by pulsed Doppler spectral analysis.

In this study a new pulsed Doppler spectral analysis system was used for the evaluation of extracranial carotid disease. When compared to the arteriography findings in 224 carotid arteries, the Doppler examination correctly detected all stenoses greater than 25%, all occlusions, all normal vessels, and 43% of stenosis causing a diameter reduction of less than 25%.

Carotid Artery Diseases↗
PubMed1983

Functional lumbar myelography with iohexol.

The results of 25 functional lumbar myelographies with iohexol are reported. The image quality was good or excellent in all. The side effects were mostly mild and showed the same frequency as reported in lumbar and thoracic myelographies with metrizamide. A slight increase in the frequency of side effects was found in 13 patients with spinal repuncture 6 or 24 hours after the myelography. Vacuolized monocytes in ultracentrifuged CSF following repuncture was found in 5 patients. No EEG changes or serious complications were found. Iohexol is considered safe in intrathecal use.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Complex partial status epilepticus following myelography with metrizamide.

Complex partial status epilepticus developed in two patients following myelography with metrizamide. The status epilepticus was manifested by confusion and complex motor symptoms, and electroencephalograms (EEGs) showed ictal activity alternating independently over both hemisphere. Immediate clinical improvement occurred with antiepileptic treatment, and to date no sequelae have been observed. Neither patient had a previous history of epileptic seizures, but both had preexisting EEG abnormalities.

Electroencephalography↗
PubMed1980

Hereditary spastic paraplegia with neurogenic bladder disturbances and syndactylia.

The present paper reports a family settled in the northern part of Norway, with a hereditary neurological disorder consisting clinically of spastic paraplegia associated with neurogenic bladder disturbances and syndactylia. Nine out of 22 members in three generations exhibit these clinical features. The bladder disturbances, being incomplete supranuclear bladder paresis (uninhibited neurogenic bladder), were the main complaint and occurred at an early stage of the disease. The family probably represents an unusual form of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP). The mode of inheritance is considered to be autosomal dominant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Brainstem lesion with coma for five years following manipulation of the cervical spine.

A woman, aged 38, lost consciousness immediately after manipulation of the cervical spine and remained in coma for nearly 5 years in a combined decorticate and decerebrate state. Cerebral angiography revealed impaired circulation in the vertebrobasilar system. The EEG initially showed generalized cerebral dysrhythmia but tended, over the years, to become more normal with desynchronized fast activity of low voltage. Neuropathological examination postmortem revealed a large cystic lesion in the pressure equalization area of the carotid and basilar circulation in the upper pons, mesencephalon, posterior hypothalamus and basal thalamus. No definite stenosis or occlusion was seen in the cerebral vessels on angiography or at the postmortem examination. The mechanism of the lesion is considered to have been temporary interference with the blood flow in the vertebrobasilar system during manipulation of the cervical spine sufficient to cause ischemia and subsequent infarction of the brainstem. The pathogenesis of vascular lesions of the brain stem following manipulation of the cervical spine is discussed briefly.

Adult↗