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Biomedical subjects

R Nyholm

Publications and source records attributed to R Nyholm.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Geometry of the valence transition induced surface reconstruction of Sm(0001).

We present a structural determination of the surface reconstruction of the Sm(0001) surface using surface x-ray diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopy, and ab initio calculations. The reconstruction is associated with a large (22%) expansion of the atomic radius for the top monolayer surface Sm atoms. The mechanism driving the surface reconstruction in Sm is unique among all elements and is connected to the strong correlations of the 4f electrons in Sm and the intermediate valence observed in certain Sm compounds. The atoms constituting the top monolayer of Sm(0001) have vastly different chemical properties compared to the layer underneath and behave as if they were an adsorbate of a different chemical species.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Strong phonon replicas in be 1s photoemission spectra.

The Be 1s core level photoemission line from metallic Be is shown to contain unexpected internal fine structure. We argue that this fine structure is caused by intrinsic excitation of a narrow band of optical phonons in the 1s photoemission process. The general importance of the present results for high resolution core level photoemission investigations of metals is pointed out.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

Low- and standard-dose depot haloperidol combined with targeted oral neuroleptics.

Nine patients receiving a low dose (25 mg) and ten receiving a standard dose (150 mg) of depot haloperidol every four weeks were assessed every three months for two years. Patients also received targeted oral neuroleptics as needed. No significant between-group differences were found in clinical outcome as measured by number of hospital admissions, days hospitalized, scores on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and the Global Assessment Scale, and level of extrapyramidal symptoms. Combining low-dose depot and targeted oral neuroleptics was at least as effective as using a standard depot dose and for many patients may provide the best way to reach the minimal effective dose for maintenance treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

Risperidone versus zuclopenthixol in the treatment of acute schizophrenic episodes: a double-blind parallel-group trial.

A double-blind, randomized, multi-center, parallel-group study was conducted in Finland to compare the efficacy and safety of risperidone with zuclopenthixol in patients with acute exacerbations of schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder. Ninety-eight patients were randomly assigned to treatment with risperidone (n = 48) or zuclopenthixol (n = 50), in variable doses, for 6 weeks. The mean daily doses of risperidone and zuclopenthixol at the end of the trial were 8 mg and 38 mg respectively. Efficacy was assessed throughout by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for schizophrenia and Clinical Global Impression. Safety assessments included the Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale, UKU Side-Effect Rating Scale, vital signs, body weight and laboratory screening. The results indicate that risperidone is at least as effective as zuclopenthixol for the treatment of acute schizophrenic episodes, with a trend towards greater improvement in the overall severity of symptoms. The onset of action was significantly shorter with risperidone than with zuclopenthixol. Although the general tolerability of the two drugs was comparable, fewer patients experienced extrapyramidal symptoms with risperidone, so that significantly fewer risperidone-treated patients required antiparkinsonian medication.

Acute Disease↗