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Biomedical subjects

R O Mainous

Publications and source records attributed to R O Mainous.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Effect of music on anxiety of women awaiting breast biopsy.

The authors investigated the effect of music on the state anxiety of a sample of 20 patients awaiting breast biopsy at a suburban medical facility. The patients were assigned alternately to either the control or experimental group. The individuals in the experimental group were given a 20-minute music-based intervention in a preoperative holding area, whereas the patients in the control group received the customary preoperative care. Clinicians measured blood pressure, heart rate, and respiration in both groups of patients, and the participants completed the State portion of the self-administered State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). After the patients completed the 20 minutes of music or of preoperative care without music, clinicians again measured the participants' vital signs and the patients completed the STAI. The authors' findings indicated that the posttest state anxiety and respiratory rates of the patients in the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the patients in the control group.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Research utilization: pharmacologic management of neonatal pain.

Opioids, particularly morphine sulfate and fentanyl, continue to be the most commonly used agents for analgesia. Morphine provides greater sedation, and there is less of a problem with rigidity of the chest wall than with fentanyl. Morphine also has a higher level of tolerance than does fentanyl. Table 2 provides considerations for administration of morphine and fentanyl. Sedation for the relief of pain without analgesia is not acceptable. Sedation and analgesia together may be in the baby's best interest. Before any plan of care is implemented, the baby should be evaluated for need based on the amount of current respiratory support versus spontaneous respiration. There is evidence in the research literature that narcotic administration can be safely carried out in the preterm when using intravenous caffeine simultaneously to offset the risk of apnea. Others state that there really is no safe therapeutic window for narcotic administration in the preterm infant, yet the benefits outweigh the respiratory depressant effect. The complication of respiratory depression can be readily dealt with through the administration of neonatal Narcan via the intramuscular, intratracheal, or intravenous routes.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The importance of fulfilling unmet needs of rural and urban adolescents with substance abuse.

PROBLEM: Because of the negative impact on health of drug and alcohol use, this study examined adolescent needs and substance use. METHODS: Subjects (N = 191) were adolescents aged 14 to 19 in a rural and an urban high school. A modified version of the Need Subscale from the Addiction Research Center Maturation Scale measured a feeling of satisfaction related to meeting basic needs, and an investigator's prepared questionnaire elicited current use of alcohol, nicotine, and marijuana. FINDINGS: Individuals with feelings of unmet needs were more likely to be current drinkers. Rural/urban residence was not a significant predictor in a multivariate analysis, but religiosity was. CONCLUSIONS: A feeling of unmet needs seems to be an important factor in adolescent substance use.

Adolescent↗