Associated handicap and mild mental retardation.
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Child↗
Biomedical subjects
R O Robinson
Publications and source records attributed to R O Robinson.
A major role for viruses in acute childhood encephalopathy.
29 children and 3 adults with acute depression of conscious level or acute onset of focal neurological signs were studied prospectively. 3 were found to have a non-infectious cause for their illness. The presence of interferon or specific antibodies in the serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid provided evidence of active virus infection in 25 of the remaining 29 patients. There was laboratory evidence that a virus had invaded the central nervous system in 11 patients. Early investigation gave the highest diagnostic yield. Since several common viruses were identified, it appears that the nature of the illness is due more to the host response than to the nature of the infective agent.
Acute Disease↗
Progressive non-infectious anterior vertebral fusion.
Four cases of progressive non-infectious anterior vertebral fusion are described. Three cases remain relatively asymptomatic, but one has developed spinal cord compression secondary to an acute angled kyphosis. The clinical, radiological, and pathological features are reviewed and some comparisons with the spinal changes in thalidomide embryopathy are made.
Adolescent↗
Body schema: does it depend on bodily-derived sensations?
Body image, as judged by estimation of lengths of parts of the body, was studied in 12 children with spina bifida who were matched for age, sex and IQ with 12 control children without spina bifida. With one exception, the estimations of the children with spina bifida did not differ significantly from those of the controls. The exception was that the children with spina bifida underestimated leg length less than the control children, but the authors believe that was a chance finding and that children with spina bifida develop an accurate representation of the body by means other than those depending on enteroceptive sensation.
Adolescent↗
The distribution of ringworm infections among primary school children in Jos, Plateau State of Nigeria.
A survey was carried out on the distribution of ringworm infections among school children in four primary schools in Jos, Plateau State of Nigeria. Out of a total population of 6 987,237 (3.4%) were found to be infected by this disease. There was a high incidence of both scalp and foot ringworms among the infected children. Fourteen species of dermatophytes were isolated from the ringworm cases. The scalp ringworm had the highest number of fungal isolates. Trichophyton mentagrophyte and T. rubrum had the highest frequencies of occurrence. Some of the infected children were found to have nomadic parents who moved about with cattle.
Child↗
Benign hereditary chorea--response to steroids.
A child with benign hereditary chorea is described, whose movement disorder remitted with systemic steroids. It is suggested that this effect, not previously described, relies on modulation of neurotransmitter function.
Child↗
White matter attenuation and megalencephaly.
The computed tomogram of a 6 month old girl with familial megalencephaly showed widespread attenuation throughout the white matter. She continued to be developmentally and neurologically normal. Her scan at age 3 years was normal apart from the megalencephaly. A tentative explanation for this unusual series of events is offered.
Brain↗
Seizures and steroids.
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Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
Severe handicap in spina bifida: no bar to intermittent self catheterisation.
The practicability of introducing clean intermittent self catheterisation to 24 severely handicapped children with spina bifida was studied. Twenty one children achieved complete or nearly complete continence, which was sustained successfully in 14. The difficulties they overcame and the reasons for failure are analysed.
Adolescent↗
Computed tomography appearances in the linear sebaceous naevus syndrome.
The appearance of C.T. of the head in 11 cases of the linear sebaceous naevus syndrome are presented. From these it is argued that the pathology represents a disorder of neuronal migration and organisation rather than differentiation. Since three of the cases had evidence of CNS tumour in addition to two in the literature, it would appear that a further aspect of this disorder is a failure of growth constraint. This is paralleled by a similar tendency in the skin lesion which should be considered premalignant. Normal intelligence is rare in this condition and co-exists only with a normal C.T. scan. The early onset of fits is not necessarily associated with subsequent mental handicap.
Brain↗
Childhood moyamoya presenting as dementia: report of a case.
A case is presented of moyamoya disease in an Anglo-Saxon child whose principal clinical feature, uniquely, was dementia. CT findings were unexplainable so angiography was performed. Moyamoya is an angiographic entity which has been associated with a wide variety of conditions. No satisfactory hypothesis has yet emerged to link these conditions or to explain the predilection of the Japanese for this disease.
Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
Factors influencing mortality and morbidity after clinically apparent intraventricular haemorrhage.
Twenty newborn infants with clinically apparent intraventricular haemorrhage were studied in order to determine the factors associated with mortality and morbidity. Ten survived, 4 without handicap and 2 with only moderate handicap. Maturity and not size of haemorrhage appeared to be the main factor affecting mortality and morbidity at 1 year. Coma longer than 24 hours after intraventricular haemorrhage distinguished survivors with handicap from those without and may be a useful prognostic sign.
Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
Fetal nutrition and peripheral nerve conduction velocity.
Fetal nutrition as assessed by skin-fold thickness was correlated with nerve conduction in 27 babies of 39 to 41 weeks' gestation. There was correlation between skin-fold thickness and conduction velocity, suggesting that fetal nutrition may alter peripheral nerve function by influencing myelination.
Adipose Tissue↗
Equal recovery in child and adult brain?
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Adult↗
Plasticity and specificity of language localization in the developing brain.
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Adolescent↗