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Biomedical subjects

R Olin

Publications and source records attributed to R Olin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

A randomised double-blind 16-week study of ritanserin in fibromyalgia syndrome: clinical outcome and analysis of autoantibodies to serotonin, gangliosides and phospholipids.

The aim of the study was to evaluate in a double-blind manner the effect of the long-acting 5-hydroxytryptamine 2 (5-HT2)-receptor blocker Ritanserin on clinical symptoms in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FM) and on production of antibodies to serotonin, gangliosides and phospholipids, recently shown to have a high incidence in this disease. Fifty-one female patients with typical FM were included in the 16-week study: 24 received Ritanserin and 27 received a placebo. Antibodies to 5-HT, gangliosides (Gm1) and phospholipids (thromboplastin) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at day 0 and at the end of week 16. The psychological and physical status, including tender points, of the patients was evaluated at day 0 and at the end of weeks 4 and 16. At the end of the study, there was an improvement (p < 0.05) in feeling refreshed in the morning in the Ritanserin-treated group and headache was also significantly improved compared with the placebo group. There was no difference in pain, fatigue, sleep, morning stiffness, anxiety and tender point counts in the Ritanserin and placebo groups. Fifty-one per cent of the 51 patients had at least one of the three antibodies to 5-HT, Gm1 and phospholipids. The incidence and activity of these antibodies were not influenced by Ritanserin or placebo. The observation that Ritanserin has only a small effect on clinical symptoms indicates that disturbances in serotonin metabolism or uptake may be only one factor in the pathogenesis of the disease. The high incidence of a defined autoantibody pattern in FM could again be confirmed in this study. However, it remains speculative whether immunological reactions are, indeed, involved.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Fibromyalgia. A neuro-immuno-endocrinologic syndrome?].

Fibromyalgia is an enigmatic long-lasting polysymptomatic disease which has been thought to be caused by peripheral muscle dysfunction or psychological factors. Based on a clinical evaluation of a large series of in-patients and a review of international findings, the article advances the hypothesis of irreversible disturbances of the neuroimmunoendocrinological system as the main cause of this disease. The therapeutic consequences of this hypothesis are discussed.

Fibromyalgia↗
PubMed1992

[Constant annual incidence of HIV infection among intravenous drug addicts].

Since January 1987 a study of HIV prevalence and risk behaviour among i v drug abusers at the remand prison in Stockholm has been carried out by a research team working independently of the penal system. On a voluntary basis, a standardised interview is carried out and an HIV blood test made. Of the 2,038 i v drug abusers who participated up to December 1991, ten per cent were HIV-positive. Of the 80 per cent who mainly used amphetamines, six per cent were seropositive, as compared with about 28 per cent of the remaining 20 per cent who were heroin addicts. The overall annual incidence of HIV infection was about one per cent. The cumulative prevalence decreased among heroin users during the observation period, but remained constant among amphetamine users. The frequency of injection equipment sharing showed a decline at the beginning of the observation period, but the level of sexual risk behaviour has remained high.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

Side-chain-specific lymphocyte responses in workers with occupational allergy induced by penicillins.

Eight workers with clinically diagnosed or suspected occupational allergy caused by penicillins were studied by the lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) and by skin test. The majority of the workers handled bacampicillin, some of them had been in contact with benzylpenicillin and one worked with azidocillin only. Six workers had eczema and 2 workers suffered from rhinitis only. Lymphocytes from workers with bacampicillin-induced symptoms responded to this drug in vitro by an increased 3H-thymidine incorporation and by lymphoblastogenesis. Bacampicillin-specific allergy had been confirmed by positive patch test in 5 workers. Lymphocytes from bacampicillin-allergic workers did not respond to other penicillins such as benzylpenicillin or azidocillin in vitro. However, such penicillins were antigenic in vitro since lymphocytes from an azidocillin patch test positive worker proliferated on exposure to azidocillin in vitro. The findings at the cellular level were further supported by the specificity of the skin test. Thus, bacampicillin patch test positive workers had a negative skin reaction to benzylpenicillin. In conclusion, these data suggest the role of penicillin side chains in the sensitization process underlying occupational allergy to penicillins. LTT can be used as a tool for studying antigenic specificities involved in a sensitization process leading to penicillin allergy.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1986

Nonoccupational risk indicators for astrocytomas in adults.

We performed a case-control study on astrocytomas to test previous hypotheses and to generate new ones. The study groups consisted of 78 cases, 197 clinical controls, and 92 population controls. Comparisons with both groups of controls showed an excess risk for persons who had lived in the vicinity of a farm. The risk for persons exposed to herbicides or insecticides was elevated, although less so compared with the population controls. Frequent intake of smoked food was associated with an excess risk compared with the population controls but not when compared with the clinical controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Diet and pancreatic cancer: a case-control study.

In a population-based case-control study carried out in Sweden in 1982-1984, the authors examined the association of pancreatic cancer with several dietary factors, coffee, alcohol, and tobacco. Analyses were based on 99 cases, 138 population controls, and 163 hospital controls. The cases were persons aged 40-79 years diagnosed with cancer of the exocrine pancreas at three surgical departments in Stockholm and Uppsala. The risk increased with higher consumption frequency of fried and grilled meat in the comparison with each series of controls (e.g., relative risk (RR) = 1.7 (90% confidence interval (CI) = 1.1-2.7) for weekly intake and RR = 13.4 (90% CI = 2.4-74.7) for almost daily intake, in the comparison with population controls). Furthermore, associations were found with other fried or grilled foods, but not with meat other than fried or grilled. The risk also increased with the intake of margarine (e.g., RR = 9.7 (90% CI = 3.1-30.2) for 15+ g of margarine on a slice of bread, in the comparison with population controls). In contrast, no excess risk was associated with high intake of butter. A low risk was associated with frequent consumption of fruits and vegetables, particularly carrots (RR = 0.3 (90% CI = 0.2-0.7)) and citrus fruits (RR = 0.5 (90% CI = 0.3-0.9)) for almost daily intake. No consistent associations were found with coffee, artificial sweeteners or alcohol consumption, but a threefold increase in risk was associated with smoking at least one pack of cigarettes per day.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Occupational factors and pancreatic cancer.

The relation between occupational factors and pancreatic cancer has been studied by two different approaches: a population based case-control study with two series of controls and a retrospective cohort study based on register data. With both approaches, some support was found for an association with occupational exposure to petroleum products. Associations were also indicated with exposure to paint thinner (case-control study) and work in painting and in paint and varnish factories (cohort study), for exposure to detergents, floor cleaning agents, or polish (case-control study) and with floor polishing or window cleaning (cohort study), and for exposure to refuse (case-control study) and work in refuse disposal plants (cohort study).

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Cancer morbidity among workers in the telecommunications industry.

A retrospective cohort study of 2918 workers in the telecommunications industry in Sweden recorded the cancer morbidity for the period 1958-79. Cases of cancer were collected from the Swedish Cancer Registry for this period and information on work characteristics was collected for the entire period of employment. The total cancer morbidity was as expected. There was no excess risk of lung cancer but an excess risk of malignant melanoma of the skin was detected (SMR = 2.6, 12 cases). This excess risk was particularly associated with work environments where soldering was practised. Estimates of the SMR became larger with the assumption of a longer induction/latency period.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Incidence of cancer in the electronics industry: using the new Swedish Cancer Environment Registry as a screening instrument.

The object of this study was to assess the relative risks of cancer for a particular branch of industry by using the newly created cancer environment registry. The registry was created by a record linkage of the 1960 census to the Swedish Cancer Registry 1961-73. A cohort study was undertaken of all subjects classified in the census as working in the electronics or electrical manufacturing industry. The risks were calculated in relation to the general working population. The results showed a slightly higher total incidence of cancer (all sites) in this branch of industry than in the general working population, for men as well as for women. This was especially so for tumour sites connected with the pharynx and the respiratory system. The study also indicates that the new registry has a potential as a screening instrument.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Chromosome aberrations and sister-chromatid exchange in workers in chemical laboratories and a rotoprinting factory and in children of women laboratory workers.

Cultured lymphocytes from 73 workers in chemical laboratories and the printing industry were found to have a significantly increased frequency of chromatid and isochromatid breaks, in comparison with 49 control subjects (42 adults and 7 children). An increase of the same magnitude was also found in 14 children, aged 4 days--11 yr, of 11 women laboratory workers who had worked during pregnancy. A significant correlation between age and frequency of chromosome aberrations was noted for both the exposed and control children but not for the adults. The frequency of sister-chromomatid exchange was significantly increased in 12 technicians working in laboratories performing hormone analysis. 4 children of 2 female technicians working during pregnancy also had a significnatly increased frequency of sister-chromatid exchange. The cause and biological significance of these findings are not yet known.

Adolescent↗