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Biomedical subjects

R Oliveira-Souza

Publications and source records attributed to R Oliveira-Souza.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[The cutaneous extensor plantar reflex (Babinski, 1896/1898)].

The extensor plantar reflex was described by Babinski in 1896. Given the obvious relevance of the sign for internal medicine as well as the paucity of translations of the original sources into Portuguese, we thought it timely to recall the ingenious arguments Babinski used to demonstrate his views on the "toe phenomenon", as he would call it. A careful analysis of Babinski's writings suggests, further, that he was driven by keen intuition as well as by medico-legal interests.

Eponyms↗
PubMed1989

Motor hemiplegia and the cerebral organization of movement in man. II. The myth of the human extrapyramidal system.

Following a brief review of the concept of extrapyramidal system, clinical and anatomic evidence is presented against its relative prominence in man. It is proposed that the greatest part of those structures traditionally labeled as extrapyramidal effects its respective functional activities by way of the pyramidal tracts themselves. Such structures, centered around the basal nuclei, the cerebellum and possibly, the limbic areas of the prosencephalon are, according to the present suggestion, indeed, pre pyramidal. This model is based upon the clinical analysis of patients and agrees with more than one century of anatomic verifications in human brains, favoring the notion of the singularity of the human brain.

Extrapyramidal Tracts↗
PubMed1989

[Persistent alpha-vegetative state].

After briefly reviewing the concepts of "coma" and "alpha-coma", we report the case of a patient with presumable Pick's disease who spent several weeks in a vegetative state with a normal and reactive EEG in the alpha range in the later stages of her illness. We (a) emphasize some implications of the appearance of the eyes in such patients, b) stress the importance of distinguishing alpha activity from true alpha rhythm and (c) suggest the category "alpha-coma" should include only those individuals bearing evidence of disorders of the junctional tegmentum of the pons and midbrain. In a complementary way, we propose that patients in a persistent vegetative state displaying normal EEG should be separately classified as persistent "alpha-vegetative state".

Alpha Rhythm↗
PubMed1989

Bonnet syndrome and posterior parasagittal tumor: clues to neural mechanisms.

A case of Bonnet syndrome associated with blindness due to bilateral eye disease and a posterior parasagittal meningioma is reported. It is assumed that visual afferent deprivation alone is not enough to produce the syndrome and that, in most instances, a 'cerebral factor' must be operative if hallucinoses are to occur. The distinction between hallucinosis and hallucinations is favored and a common neural circuit for the mediation of hallucinotic imageries in general is suggested. One should not immediately put the blame on obvious eye or visual pathways affections when facing cases of Bonnet syndrome, as they are not likely to explain the complex array of images perceived by any given patient. On the contrary, the possibility of a clinically covert intracranial disease should be always raised and intensively looked for.

Aged↗