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Biomedical subjects

R Orth

Publications and source records attributed to R Orth.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Relative distribution of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in human hepatic and adipose tissues.

Paired human hepatic and adipose tissues from 26 people were assayed for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). On a whole tissue weight basis, TCDD concentration in the liver was about one-tenth that in the adipose tissue. When expressed in total tissue lipid basis, the TCDD concentrations in the liver and adipose tissue were about equal. At low levels of exposure, presumably below those necessary to cause hepatic enzyme induction, TCDD appeared to be partitioning into the human liver predominantly on the basis of its lipid solubility in that tissue store. The partitioning behavior of TCDD in the livers of humans exposed to higher levels of TCDD is currently unclear.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1982

Extracellular paraprotein globules in a patient with monoclonal gammopathy.

A patient with a plasma cell disorder and IgA lambda paraprotein had the unusual finding of numerous, large, opaque, extracellular globules in her bone marrow and liver. While plasma cell intracellular inclusions are well documented, identification of such material in extracellular sites is not. These globules were of various sizes, stained light to dark blue with Wright's stain, were gray in hematoxylin-eosin preparations, and were fluorescent when stained with conjugated antibodies to lambda, but not to kappa, light chains. They strongly resembled the inclusions (Russell bodies) seen in plasma cells and are believed to be massive accumulations of immunoglobulin. The clinical significance of this morphological finding is unknown, but physicians interpreting bone marrow specimens should be aware of this unusual feature.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

[Patulin in foods of vegetable origin. 2. Several kinds of fruit and vegetables and fruit and vegetable products (author's transl)].

Patulin was found in fruit with spontaneous brown rot (bananas, pineapples, grapes, peaches, apricots) as well as in moldy compots and in sallow-thorn juice. Fruit, vegetables and fruit and vegetable product were artificially infected with Penicillium expansum, P. urticae and Byssochlamys nivea; patulin was subsequently found in peaches, apricots, greengages, bananas, strawberries, honeydew melons, tomatoes, red and green paprika, cucumbers and carrots; in several kinds of compot, in tomato juice and tomato pulp --but not in ketchup. The influence of the temperature on growth and toxin production is different in the various fungal strains; in the temperature range of 5 degrees C to 25 degrees C, however, the possibility of patulin synthesis must nearly always be expected.

Fruit↗
PubMed1977

The taxonomy of Penicillium species from fermented cheeses.

The taxonomy of the Penicillium camberti and P. roqueforti series is re-investigated. P. caseicolum Bainier is regarded as a synonym of P. camemberti Thom on the basis of morphological characters. P. casei Staub is considered to be identical with P. verrucosm Dierckx var. cyclopium (Westling) Samson, Stolk et Hadlok. Descriptions and illustrations of P. camemberti and P. roqueforti Thom are given. The occurrence and mycotoxin production of both species are shortly discussed.

Cheese↗
PubMed1976

[The influence of atmospheric gases on growth and toxin production of sterigmatocystin-and patulin-producing molds (author's transl)].

The influence of one-and two-sided regulated atmospheres with lower 02-and increased CO2-concentrations in comparison with air was studied on the growth and toxin-production of 4 different mycotoxin-producing molds (A. versicolor, P. expansum, P. urticae, B. nivea). Low O2-values in the atmosphere (2-0.5%) had scarely an influence on the development and toxinproduction in different nutrient media after 14 d at 25 degrees C. Only higher CO2-and lower O2-concentrations than that of the air (e.g. 40% CO2, 6% O2) reduced the sterigmatocystin-and patulin-production in nearly all cultures, whereas growth was only retarded insignificantly. Atmospheres with 90% CO2 and 10% air as well nitrogen atmospheres with 10% CO2 inhibited remarkably the growth of molds and prevented the toxin-production of nearly all strains. In pure N2-atmospheres most of the A. versicolor strains exhibited growth with toxic mycelia whereas only minimum growth of the patulin-producing species without any patulin synthesis had been observed.

Aspergillus↗
PubMed1976

[PR-Toxin-production of Penicillium roqueforti-Strains (author's transl)].

One blue-type cheese starter and 11 isolates of P. roqueforti from different foodstuffs were tested for the production of PR-toxin. 3 strains were able to produce the toxin on rice at 15 degrees C and sometimes at 30 degrees C. The toxin quantities detected were 310-960 ppb. The starter culture didn't produce any PR-toxin. The investigations with P. roqueforti NRRL 849 showed a toxin-production in the temperature range of 15-30 degrees C, with an optimum at 15 degrees C, whereas 25 degrees C was the optimum for growth. PR-toxin was determined by thin-layer-chromatography and in doubtful cases by mass-spectrometry.

Culture Media↗
PubMed1976

[Patulin in foods of vegetable origin I. Pomaceous fruit and products made out of it (author's transl)].

Patulin can be detected in apples and pears which have spontaneously been affected with brown rot after storage at room temperature and at 1 degrees C. Spoilage phenomena of this kind can be caused by Penicillium expansum, but also by P. urticae and Bysssochlamys nivea. If apples are stored at room temperature following a 4--5 months' storage at 4 degrees C, the patulin content of the rotten parts of the apple tissue. In applie puree made under household conditions the patulin content of the initial material is reduced by about 90%.

Food Analysis↗