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Biomedical subjects

R Pearce

Publications and source records attributed to R Pearce.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

A single-center experience with 1,378 CarboMedics mechanical valve implants.

BACKGROUND: The CarboMedics bileaflet prosthetic heart valve was introduced in 1986. We first implanted it in March 1991. The purpose of this study was to analyze our clinical experience with this valve. METHODS: Between March 1991 and December 1997, 1,378 valves were implanted in 1,247 patients, 705 men (56.5%) and 542 (43.5%) women with a mean age of 62 +/- 11.9 years (+/- the standard deviation). Follow-up is 99% complete and totals 3,978 patient-years. RESULTS: The early mortality rate was 4.4% (55/1,247). The survival rates at 1 year and 5 years were 91.8% +/- 0.8% (+/- the standard error of mean) (n = 1,062) and 79.2% +/- 1.4% (n = 281), respectively. Freedom from valve-related complications (linearized rate, 4.9% per patient-year) at 1 year and 5 years was 90.6% +/- 0.8% (+/- the standard error of the mean) (n = 996) and 80.6% +/- 1.4% (n = 243), respectively. Linearized rates for various complications were as follows: bleeding events, 1.73% per patient-year; embolic events, 1.76% per patient-year; operated valvular endocarditis, 0.18% per patient-year; valve thrombosis, 0.10% per patient year; and nonstructural dysfunction, 1.21% per patient-year. Freedom from reoperation at 1 year and 5 years was 98.6% +/- 0.3% (+/- the standard error of the mean) (n = 1,070) and 97.7% +/- 0.5% (n = 285), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Midterm results demonstrate that the CarboMedics prosthetic heart valve exhibits a low incidence of valve-related complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Genetic organization of the Escherichia coli K10 capsule gene cluster: identification and characterization of two conserved regions in group III capsule gene clusters encoding polysaccharide transport functions.

Analysis of the Escherichia coli K10 capsule gene cluster identified two regions, regions 1 and 3, conserved between different group III capsule gene clusters. Region 1 encodes homologues of KpsD, KpsM, KpsT, and KpsE proteins, and region 3 encodes homologues of the KpsC and KpsS proteins. An rfaH mutation abolished K10 capsule production, suggesting that expression of the K10 capsule was regulated by RfaH in a manner analogous to group II capsule gene clusters. An IS3 element and a phiR73-like prophage, both of which may have played a role in the acquisition of group III capsule gene clusters, were detected flanking the K10 capsule genes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

High-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow rescue in children with poor-risk Burkitt's lymphoma: a report from the European Lymphoma Bone Marrow Transplantation Registry.

To evaluate the role of high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) in children with poor-prognosis Burkitt's lymphoma, the European Lymphoma BMT registry was critically reviewed. Between February 1979 and July 1991, a selected group of 89 children (78 boys and 11 girls) were considered as ABMT candidates in 12 European cancer centers for the following reasons: poor initial response (PIR) to first-line chemotherapy in 28 patients, primary refractory disease (PRD) in nine patients, sensitive relapse (SR) in 38 patients, and resistant relapse (RR) in 14 patients. The median age at ABMT was 8.2 years (range, 2.8 to 16.2 years). Thus, this report reflects data for patients surviving the salvage attempt deemed appropriate for HDC/ABMT and who then actually underwent the transplant procedure. The median follow-up period after HDC/ABMT was 4.3 years (range, 2 to 12 years). The prognosis was dismal for PRD patients and those with RR, ie, all patients died within 1 year. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) was 56.6% (P < .0001) for patients in partial remission (PR) and 48.7% (P = .002) for patients with SR. The toxic death rate was 11.1%. Continuous complete remissions (CRs) in 39.4% of these otherwise incurable children highlight the fact that HDC/ABMT was an effective complementary procedure after conventional-dose chemotherapy protocols used during the given period. In addition, these data show that patients with PRD or RR clearly had no advantage from this aggressive and cost-intensive procedure. It has to be considered that the need for HDC/ABMT has greatly diminished in parallel with the improvement in survival using the modern intensive pulsed CCT of current protocols. To further rescue patients failing to respond to modern protocols, new approaches appear necessary, ie, combinations of HDC with antibody-targeted therapy plus allogeneic BMT for the additional benefits of the potential graft-versus-lymphoma effect.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1997

Effectiveness of two strategies for dissemination of sun-protection policy in New South Wales primary and secondary schools.

With rising rates of skin cancer in Australia, there is a need to examine strategies to reduce sun exposure among children. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a multifaceted dissemination strategy compared with a simple mail-out strategy in promoting the adoption of comprehensive SunSmart skin protection policies and practices in primary and secondary schools in New South Wales. It also aimed to examine characteristics of the primary and secondary schools that adopted a comprehensive SunSmart policy before and after the intervention. Four hundred randomly selected primary schools and all 381 high schools in New South Wales were randomised to one of two intervention groups. Pretest and post-test surveys of principals were undertaken in 1991 and 1992. Intervention 1 was a simple mail-out of a sample sun-protection policy kit. Intervention 2 comprised the mail-out of the policy kit and a follow-up mail-out of a staff development module. There was a strong intervention effect on adoption of a comprehensive sun-protection policy in primary schools (21 per cent for the 'mail' group compared with 44 per cent for 'mail and staff support' group) but not in high schools (6 per cent and 11 per cent). There was little relationship between adoption of a comprehensive sun-protection policy and sun-protection practices in primary or secondary schools. Further research is needed to determine the most effective ways of ensuring that adoption of a comprehensive sun-protection policy results in effective implementation of sun-protection practices in schools.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Peripheral-blood stem-cell transplantation versus autologous bone marrow transplantation in Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: a new matched-pair analysis of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Registry Data. Lymphoma Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.

PURPOSE: To address the question of short-term and long-term advantages of peripheral-blood stem-cell transplantation (PBSCT) over autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT), we have reviewed the data of 3,214 patients with lymphoma, 2,859 undergoing ABMT, and 355 undergoing PBSCT. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Analysis of prognostic factors for progression-free survival (PFS) was conducted separately for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) (N = 1,915) and Hodgkin's disease (HD) (N = 1,299). In multivariate analysis, the relevant factors were status at transplant for NHL and sex, size of largest mass at transplant, status at transplant, and conditioning regimen for HD. The pair analysis was carried out by matching NHL and HD patients separately by their prognostic factors. Additionally, NHL patients were matched for histology, whereas both HD and NHL patients were matched for date of transplant. With this method, 454 patients were matched in the NHL group and 256 were matched in the HD group. RESULTS: The overall survival (OS) and PFS unexpectedy were better for ABMT versus PBSCT patients in the HD group (OS, 65.3% at 4 years for ABMT v 52.7% for PBSCT; P = .0198). There was no difference in OS or PFS in the NHL group (OS, 56.6% at 4 years for ABMT v 52.7% for PBSCT; P = .4148). The overall relapse or progression rate at 4 years for NHL was 42% after ABMT and 49.2% after PBSCT (P = .1220); for HD, it was 40% and 58.6%, respectively (P = .0164). Transplant-related mortality was lower, but not significantly, with PBSCT: 7.0% for ABMT versus 3.5% for PBSCT in NHL (P = .1356) and 7% for ABMT versus 4.7% for PBSCT in HD (P = .6056). Hematologic recovery occurred faster significantly with PBSCT irrespective of disease. CONCLUSION: This study confirms the advantage of PBSCT in terms of hematopoietic reconstitution, but it fails to show any superiority in the long term. Poorer results for both progression free and overall survival observed in HD patients who are receiving PBSCT are unexplained and should be confirmed with randomized studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Progenitor-cell mobilization after low-dose cyclophosphamide and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: an analysis of progenitor-cell quantity and quality and factors predicting for these parameters in 101 pretreated patients with malignant lymphoma.

PURPOSE: To define parameters that predict for rapid engraftment after peripheral-blood stem-cell (PBSC) transplantation, progenitor thresholds, the proportion of patients who achieve these thresholds with a standardized mobilization regimen, and the factors that predict for mobilization efficiency. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred and one patients with pretreated lymphoma were mobilized with cyclophosphamide 1.5 g/m2 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), with the first apheresis performed when the recovery WBC count was > or = 5.0 x 10(9)/L. The relationship between the number of progenitor cells collected and patient age, sex, diagnosis, prior radiotherapy, and time since last chemotherapy was determined by multivariate analysis. The relationship between these factors, progenitor numbers returned, post-PBSC G-CSF, and hematologic recovery was performed in 81 patients following chemotherapy with carmustine (BCNU), etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan (BEAM protocol). RESULTS: No BEAM recipients had delayed neutrophil recovery beyond 28 days. Delayed platelet recovery occurred in 7.4% and minimum and optimum thresholds of 1 x 10(6) and 3.5 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg and 1 x 10(5) and 3.5 x 10(5) granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cells (GM-CFC)/kg were established. Hematologic recovery was adversely affected by prior treatment with mini-BEAM, and neutrophil recovery was accelerated by post-PBSC G-CSF. The minimum GM-CFC threshold was achieved with a single apheresis in 83% of patients and in 90% with two aphereses. The optimal threshold was achieved with two leukaphereses in 69% of patients. Prior radiotherapy adversely affected mobilization. CONCLUSION: Hematopoietic recovery following PBSC is dependent on progenitor-cell number infused and affect of previous chemotherapy on progenitor quality. Progenitor-cell mobilization is adversely affected by prior radiotherapy. The minimum threshold of GM-CFC required is achieved in most patients with a single apheresis, but an optimal collection usually requires at least two harvests.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Role of a second transplant in the management of poor-prognosis lymphomas: a report from the European Blood and Bone Marrow Registry.

PURPOSE: Treatment of selected patients with poor-prognosis lymphomas with high-dose chemotherapy and marrow or peripheral stem-cell rescue improves prognosis. A second course of myeloablative chemotherapy has been given to some patients, but few data are available on the indications, morbidity, and overall survival associated with this approach. This study was undertaken to evaluate morbidity and identify subgroups of patients who may benefit from a second transplant. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-four patients with lymphoma given two cycles of myeloablative chemotherapy and entered onto the European Blood and Bone Marrow Transplant (EBMT) registry between 1982 and 1995 were included in this study: Hodgkin's disease (HD), n = 12; intermediate/high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (HG-NHL), n = 17; and low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (LG-NHL), n = 5. The reason for second transplant, status at transplant, conditioning regimen, morbidity, and both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed. RESULTS: The second procedure was performed for the following reasons: (1) elective double procedure in four patients, (2) relapse after first transplant in 20, (3) partial remission (PR) after first transplant in eight, and (4) refractory disease after first transplant in two. The OS rate at 2 years for patients who underwent two transplants (estimated from the date of second transplant) was 49%, with a median follow-up time of 44 months. The OS rate at 2 years by histologic subtype was as follows; HD, 50%; HG-NHL, 60%; and LG-NHL, 0%. Seven of 15 patients with HD or HG-NHL who relapsed after they had achieved a posttransplant complete remission (CR) remain in CR 13 to 36 months after the second transplant, compared with two of 10 patients in CR (at 6 and 19 months after second transplant) who achieved a PR or had refractory disease after the first transplant. There were eight deaths (24%) before 3 months, of which three (9%) were transplant-related and the remainder due to persistent disease. Three late toxic deaths occurred: two of cardiovascular disease and one of secondary leukemia. CONCLUSION: Selected patients with HD and HG-NHL whose disease recurs after one transplant may benefit from a second transplant. Patients with refractory disease and LG-NHL did not benefit from a second transplant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Illness behavior and somatization in general practice.

In the primary care setting, the early recognition that a patient has psychological problems is frequently hindered by the deceptive mode of presentation known as somatization. In a cross-sectional survey of patients attending suburban General Practitioners in a large metropolitan city, the General Health Questionnaire-30 (GHQ-30) and the Illness Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ) were completed by 201 patients. A comparison was made between somatizing and nonsomatizing patients with new inceptions of illness in terms of the risk of the presence of a mild nonpsychotic psychiatric illness and aspects of illness behavior. For the group as a whole, somatizing patients were more likely to be older and female. Male somatizers differed from male nonsomatizers by showing greater disease conviction and affective disturbance and more readiness to acknowledge difficulties in their lives other than health problems. No differences were found between female somatizing and nonsomatizing patients. We conclude that, while male patients who somatize psychological distress may be distinguished from male nonsomatizers early in their illness, in terms of their illness behavior, these differences are not seen as early distinguishing characteristics in female patients who present to their General Practitioners with physical problems for which no organic cause can be established.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Studies on the conversion of haloperidol and its tetrahydropyridine dehydration product to potentially neurotoxic pyridinium metabolites by human liver microsomes.

The neuroleptic agent haloperidol (HP) and its tetrahydropyridine dehydration product HPTP are biotransformed to the potentially neurotoxic HP pyridinium species HPP+ and the reduced HP pyridinium species RHPP+ in humans and rodents. The studies reported here were designed to identify the specific form(s) of human cytochrome P450 that catalyze(s) these transformations. Fifteen human liver microsomal preparations all catalyzed the oxidation of HP and HPTP to HPP+ and HPTP to RHPP+. Values for kcat/KM averaged 6.71 and 1.24 min-1 mM-1 for HPP+ and RHPP+ formation, respectively. The rates of conversion of HP and HPTP to HPP+ correlated well with testosterone 6 beta-hydroxylase activity, a marker of P450 3A activity. Microsomes prepared from a human lymphoblastoid cell line co-expressing human P450 3A4 and cytochrome P450 reductase also catalyzed the formation of HPP+ from HP and HPTP. Troleandomycin and ketoconazole, potent P450 3A inhibitors, and antibodies against P450 3A were effective inhibitors of HPP+ formation. We conclude that the conversions of HP and HPTP to potentially neurotoxic pyridinium metabolite HPP+ are catalyzed selectively by P450 3A4 in human liver microsomes.

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine↗
PubMed1996

Adult Burkitt's and Burkitt-like non-Hodgkin's lymphoma--outcome for patients treated with high-dose therapy and autologous stem-cell transplantation in first remission or at relapse: results from the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.

PURPOSE: To investigate the results of treatment for adult patients with Burkitt's and Burkitt-like non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) undergoing high-dose therapy and autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT), and to determine prognostic factors for this group. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 117 adult patients reported to the lymphoma registry of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) between June 1984 and November 1994. Seventy of these patients received high-dose therapy and stem-cell transplantation in first complete remission (CR). Data on all patients were reviewed, and prognostic factors were determined by univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: The actuarial overall survival (OS) rate for the entire group was 53% at 3 years. The major factor predicting for outcome after transplantation was disease status: the 3-year actuarial OS rate was 72% for patients transplanted in first CR, compared with 37% for patients in chemosensitive relapse, and 7% for chemoresistant patients. For patients transplanted in first CR, disease bulk at the time of ASCT was the only factor predictive of progression-free survival (PFS) and OS. CONCLUSION: The results of high-dose therapy and ASCT for patients with relapsed disease, particularly chemosensitive relapse, are superior to those reported for conventional-dose salvage regimens. The results for patients transplanted in first CR require comparison with modern dose-intensive regimens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Pilot trial of immunoglobulin versus plasma exchange in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome.

We compared intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and plasma exchange (PLEX) in the treatment of 50 patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Standard outcome measures did not differ for the two groups. Sixty-one percent of the PLEX-treated group and 69% of the IVIG-treated group improved by one disability grade at 1 month. The complication rate was higher in the PLEX-treated group. We conclude that the efficacy of IVIG in the treatment of GBS is comparable with that of PLEX and that it can be used safely, although we had a small number of patients. We did not observe a higher relapse rate with IVIG. The usefulness of combination therapy is unknown at this time.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Decreased sensitivity to nerve growth factor of dorsal root ganglion neurons cultured from mouse trisomy 16, a model of Down's syndrome.

The effect of NGF was studied on the adhesion of mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons to a laminin-coated surface and on their subsequent survival in primary culture. DRG neurons were obtained both from normal diploid mice and trisomy 16 mice. The latter are considered a model of human trisomy 21, Down's syndrome. Whereas both diploid and trisomy DRG neurons depended on NGF for adhesion, the sensitivity of trisomy 16 neurons to NGF was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). This suggests that excess expression of genes on mouse chromosome 16 alters NGF-regulated adhesion to laminin. Survival of neurons that had attached to laminin in culture did not appear dependent on NGF for either diploid or trisomy 16 neurons.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Cloning and analysis of gene clusters for production of the Escherichia coli K10 and K54 antigens: identification of a new group of serA-linked capsule gene clusters.

The polysaccharide capsules of Escherichia coli have been classified into three groups: I, II, and I/II. The third group, I/II, has been poorly studied and possesses characteristics of both group I and group II capsules. In this report, we describe the cloning of the K10 and K54 capsule gene clusters, two representatives of group I/II capsules. Probes taken from DNA flanking regions 1 and 3 of the group II capsule clusters hybridized to these group I/II clones, confirming that the group I/II capsule genes are flanked by the same DNA and are therefore located in the same serA-linked region of the chromosome as group II capsule gene clusters. Southern blotting showed that homologous sequences were present in both the K10 and K54 capsule gene clusters and in other group I/II strains. No homology was detected between these sequences and the chromosomal DNA of either a group I or a group II strain. Likewise, no homology was detected to the chromosomal DNA of either a K11 or K19 strain, both of which had previously been classified as group I/II strains. In the K10 and K54 capsule gene clusters, these conserved sequences flanked a serotype-specific region in a manner analogous to group II capsule gene organization. Complementation of mutations in the kpsE, kpsD, and kpsC genes in region 1 of the K5 capsule gene cluster by subclones of the K10 and K54 capsule gene clusters indicated that certain stages in the export of group II and I/II capsules may be conserved. In the light of the findings presented here, we suggest that the group I/II capsule gene clusters are sufficiently different from group II capsule gene clusters to justify their renaming as group III.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1995

BEAM chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation for patients with relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcome of patients with relapsed or resistant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) undergoing high-dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) and to determine the main prognostic factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred seven patients with relapsed or resistant intermediate-/high-grade NHL underwent high-dose carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan (BEAM) chemotherapy and ABMT at University College Hospitals between September 1981 and February 1993. The minimum follow-up duration of all patients is 6 months. RESULTS: At 3 months, the overall response rate to BEAM and ABMT was 73% (41% complete response and 32% partial response). The 5-year actuarial overall survival and progression-free survival rates were 41% and 35%, respectively. The early procedure-related mortality rate was 7% (eight of 107 patients). On multivariate analysis, the main prognostic factor was disease status at the time of ABMT. Patients with chemosensitive disease had an actuarial 5-year survival rate of 49% at 5 years compared with 13% for those with chemoresistant disease (P < .001). For patients considered to have chemosensitive disease at the time of transplantation, there is a significant difference in the actuarial progression-free survival rates for those who received high-dose therapy after attaining a partial response to first-line therapy (69% at 5 years) as compared with those with sensitive but relapsed disease (32% at 5 years) (P = .003). CONCLUSION: Patients with chemosensitive disease benefit most from high-dose chemotherapy, and those who receive such therapy early after achieving a partial response to first-line therapy have a high rate of cure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

A randomized study of MOD versus VAD in the treatment of relapsed and resistant multiple myeloma.

67 patients with relapsed or resistant multiple myeloma were randomized to receive either VAD (vincristine, doxorubicin, dexamethasone) or MOD (mitozantrone, vincristine, dexamethasone). 12/30 (40%) patients receiving VAD and 15/37 (41%) patients receiving MOD achieved plateaux. The median duration of plateaux was significantly longer on VAD (15 months) than on MOD (8 months). No significant difference in overall survival was seen between the two treatment arms. The only toxicity which was severe in more than 5% of treatment cycles on either treatment arm was myelosuppression. No toxicity was significantly more severe on MOD than VAD. However, hair loss was significantly more severe on VAD than MOD. The frequencies of thrombocytopenia, haematuria and cutaneous toxicity were significantly greater on VAD than on MOD. Raised serum direct bilirubin levels were seen significantly more often on MOD than VAD. MOD and VAD have similar efficacy in relapsed/resistant multiple myeloma. MOD is the less toxic of the two regimens.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Induction of liver microsomal cytochrome P450 in cynomolgus monkeys.

The aim of this study was to determine whether treatment of cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fasicularis) with phenobarbital, beta-naphthoflavone, or dexamethasone causes an induction of microsomal crytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes that are structurally and functionally related to rat enzymes belonging to the CYP1A, CYP2B, and CYP3A gene families. Oral treatment of male and female monkeys with phenobarbital resulted in a marked induction of a protein recognized by antibody against rat CYP2B1, as determined by Western immunoblotting. This protein, presumably a CYP2B enzyme, was not detectable in untreated monkeys, and was modestly inducible by dexamethasone but not beta-naphthoflavone. Induction of this CYP2B enzyme by phenobarbital was associated with a relatively large increase (up to 5-fold) in the rate of testosterone 16 beta-hydroxylation. Antibody, against rat CYP2B1 markedly inhibited this reaction in liver microsomes from phenobarbital-treated monkeys, but not from control monkeys. Consequently, the antibody-inhibitable rate of testosterone 16 beta-hydroxylation increased 17-fold after treatment of monkeys with phenobarbital, which is comparable with the situation in rats. In contrast to the rat CYP2B enzymes, the monkey CYP2B enzyme had little or no capacity to convert testosterone to 16 alpha-hydroxytestosterone or androstenedione, and had negligible capacity to O-dealkylate 7-pentoxyresorufin and 7-benzyloxyresorufin. Oral treatment of male and female monkeys with beta-naphthoflavone resulted in a marked induction of a protein recognized by polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against rat CYP1A1 or against both CYP1A1 and CYP1A2. This protein was apparently a mixture of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2, neither of which was readily detectable in liver microsomes from control monkeys or monkeys treated with phenobarbital or dexamethasone. Induction of monkey CYP1A1/2 was associated with a marked increase in the O-dealkylation of 7-methoxyresorufin (up to 65-fold), the O-dealkylation of 7-ethoxyresorufin (up to 30-fold), and the N3-demethylation of caffeine (up to 17-fold), but only a 2-fold increase in benzo[a]pyrene 3-hydroxylation. Polyclonal antibodies against CYP1A1 markedly inhibited the N3-demethylation of caffeine and the O-dealkylation of 7-methoxy- and 7-ethoxyresorufin by liver microsomes from beta-naphthoflavone-treated monkeys, and partially inhibited the 3-hydroxylation of benzo[a]pyrene, indicating that monkey CYP1A1 and/or CYP1A2, like the corresponding rat enzymes, can catalyze all four reactions. Treatment of monkeys with phenobarbital resulted in a 2- to 3-fold induction of a protein recognized by antibody against rat CYP3A1. This protein (CYP3A8 or an immunochemically related enzyme) was constitutively expressed in untreated monkeys of both sexes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Alkylation↗