Biomedical subjects

R Pereyra

Publications and source records attributed to R Pereyra.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

TaqMan DNA technology confirms likely overestimation of cod (Gadus morhua L.) egg abundance in the Irish Sea: implications for the assessment of the cod stock and mapping of spawning areas using egg-based methods.

Recent substantial declines in northeastern Atlantic cod stocks necessitate improved biological knowledge and the development of techniques to complement standard stock assessment methods (which largely depend on accurate commercial catch data). In 2003, an ichthyoplankton survey was undertaken in the Irish Sea and subsamples of 'cod-like' eggs were analysed using a TaqMan multiplex, PCR (polymerase chain reaction) assay (with specific probes for cod, haddock and whiting). The TaqMan method was readily applied to the large number of samples (n = 2770) generated during the survey and when combined with a manual DNA extraction protocol had a low failure rate of 6%. Of the early stage 'cod-like' eggs (1.2-1.75 mm diameter) positively identified: 34% were cod, 8% haddock and 58% whiting. As previous stock estimates based on egg surveys for Irish Sea cod assumed that the majority of 'cod-like' eggs were from cod, the TaqMan results confirm that there was probably substantial contamination by eggs of whiting and haddock that would have inflated estimates of the stock biomass.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

[Asymptomatic carriers of hydatidosis: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment].

Until a short time ago, hydatidosis was considered a pathology that could only be resolved surgically. However, in recent years progress has been made with the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease, and new information on the natural history of hydatidosis has helped define new criteria for its treatment. It is now known that as many as 67% of the carriers of liver cysts who are asymptomatic remain so throughout their lives. This situation produces special results in immunologic testing. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has a sensitivity of 63% and a specificity of 97% with asymptomatic carriers, while the double diffusion arc 5 test (DD5) achieves a sensitivity of only 31% with the same population. On the other hand, imaging studies based on ultrasonography have become the method of choice to detect asymptomatic carriers. Ultrasonography studies are 49% to 73% more sensitive than serological tests, and they can even be used as a part of epidemiological surveillance systems and to monitor control programs. Treatment schemes have also been modernized. Treating asymptomatic carriers chemotherapeutically with albendazole produces favorable results in as many as 69% of cases, while such minimally invasive surgical treatments as puncture-aspiration-injection-reaspiration (PAIR) reduce average cyst volume by as much as 66%. These factors have made it possible for hospital services in the province of Río Negro, Argentina, to establish a treatment scheme for asymptomatic carriers. It is based on the monitoring of small cysts (type Ia on the modified Gharbi scale); initial treatment with albendazole, followed by PAIR if there is no response, in larger or more complex cysts (types Ib, II, and III); and follow-up of inviable or dead cysts (types IV and V).

Albendazole↗

PubMed1986

Combined femorotibial bypass and distal intraoperative transluminal angioplasty.

Distal intraoperative transluminal angioplasty (IOTLA) combined with femorotibial bypass was performed in three patients. All three patients were elderly diabetic men with multilevel occlusive disease associated with rest pain and ischemic lesions of the feet. IOTLA allowed recanalization of segmentally occluded distal vessels or dilatation of multiple distal severe stenoses. These lesions would have been inaccessible to usual percutaneous angioplasty techniques because of intervening occlusions in the thigh. The technique and instrumentation of IOTLA are described. All patients had intraoperative prereconstruction and completion arteriography. In femorotibial bypass grafting, the adjunctive use of IOTLA improved runoff and graft patency to target vessels that would otherwise have been unsuitable. Although the experience is limited and the follow-up period short, the early results are encouraging; the technique deserves further investigation.

Aged↗

PubMed1982

Littre's hernia in infancy presenting as undescended testicle.

Littre's hernia is defined as any hernial sac which contains a Meckel's diverticulum. It has been reported in association with inguinal, umbilical, femoral, sciatic, ventral, and lumbar hernias. This hernia is rare, particularly in children, in whom the umbilical variety is reported by some to be most common. Littre's hernia is difficult to diagnose, but should be suspected in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, incompletely reducible hernias, and fecal hernial fistulas. It may be confused with cryptorchidism when Meckel's diverticulum adheres to and envelops the testicle making palpation of the gonad difficult. Recommended treatment is resection of the Meckel's diverticulum from within the opened hernial sac followed by herniorrhaphy.

Cryptorchidism↗

PubMed1982

Management of massive hepatic hemangiomas in infants and children: a review of 13 cases.

From 1958 through 1978, 13 patients with diffused hepatic hemangioma were seen at Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles. Based on this experience and review of the literature, liver biopsy in these patients was found to be unnecessary and hazardous. Diagnosis can be made by dynamic and static hepatic scintigraphy and selective hepatic arteriography. Nonsurgical measures including treatment of congestive heart failure, corticosteroids, and radiotherapy are recommended for treatment of these patients. Surgery should be reserved only for emergencies, such as rupture of the tumor and hemorrhage, or for patients with severe congestive heart failure unresponsive to medical treatment. For the latter group of patients hepatic artery ligation is recommended. Hepatic artery embolization has recently been used, but experience with this new mode of therapy is limited.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMed1980

Central venous cannulation in neonates.

A modified technique for central venous cannulation for parenteral nutrition in neonates has been developed. The internal or external jugular veins are cannulated and the catheter is tunneled out onto the anterior part of the chest wall through a long subcutaneous tunnel. Fixation of the catheter is accomplished by gluing two small pieces of Silastic sheeting to the catheter and then suturing this sandwich to the skin. Over 150 central venous catheters for total parenteral nutrition have been placed using this method. The reduced rate of catheter-related complications and improved ease of nursing care have provided excellent results.

Catheterization↗