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Biomedical subjects

R Petit

Publications and source records attributed to R Petit.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Urinary stress incontinence and celioscopy: 20-month-experience of an original technique of colposuspension via extraperitoneal endoscopy. "Pantalon technique"].

The authors describe an original extraperitoneal endoscopic colpo-suspension procedure for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women, by the use of a Y-shaped non-absorbable mesh (polypropylene). The short Y arms are sutured to the front-lateral walls of the vagina, the Y basis is grasped through a short suprapubic incision involving the skin and subcutaneous fat with a pair of forceps to perforate the muscle aponeurosis. This technique allows an adequate and firm tension on the mesh under endoscopic control. The basis of the mesh is then sutured at the pubic bone insertion of the rectus abdomini. So far, we have performed 28 operations--between April 1995 and December 1996. The objective cure rate is 88.5%. Two laparotomy had to be performed.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Endoscopic extraperitoneal colposuspension].

The authors point out the advantages and the inconveniences of the different surgical procedures (conventional surgery, transperitoneal celioscopy and extraperitoneal endoscopy) performed in order to treat urinary stress incontinence. An original extraperitoneal endoscopic procedure, using a non resorbable mesh (polypropylene), is proposed. The technique is based on the principle of the open approach described by Burch. The short branches of an Y shaped mesh are sutured at the antero-lateral walls of the vagina. The basis of the Y is pulled out of the extraperitoneal space by using a grasper introduced through a short incision of the skin and the subcutaneous tissues, and perforating the aponeurosis of the rectus muscle. This technique provides the surgeon with an effective and strong tension on the mesh under endoscopic view control. The basis of the mesh is then fixed at the insertion of the rectus muscle on the pubic bone.

Colposcopy↗
PubMed1995

Antral motility in patients with cirrhosis with or without gastric antral vascular ectasia.

Gastric motility has not been extensively studied in patients with cirrhosis and gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) may be associated with antropyloric dysfunction. This study therefore looked at antral motility using ultrasound in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis with or without GAVE. Twenty six patients were included: 10 patients with cirrhosis without GAVE, eight patients with cirrhosis and GAVE, and eight controls without liver disease. Measurement of antral area and antral contractions (amplitude and frequency) was performed for three hours after ingestion of a standardised solid-liquid meal. Antral area half time (mean (SD)) was not significantly increased in patients with cirrhosis without GAVE (84 (42) min), but increased by 120% (123 (43) min; p < 0.01) in patients with GAVE compared with controls (56 (26) min). GAVE patients exhibited the same frequency and amplitude of antral contractions at each time point as controls and had the same tendency to increase these values over time although this was attenuated in the late postprandial phase. In contrast, cirrhotic patients without GAVE exhibited a significantly higher frequency and amplitude of antral contractions during the initial postprandial phase but showed no change in either frequency or amplitude over time. In conclusion, in cirrhosis there is an abnormal antral motor response to a meal, which has a different pattern over time in patients with or without GAVE.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Operative experience in hypospadias surgery.

The authors report their experience of the last 50 hypospadias corrections. 30% of the cases were glandular hypospadias. The correction was made by the MAGPI procedure. Thirty per cent of the cases were coronal hypospadias. The Mathieu procedure (meatal-based flap) is compared with the meatallateral flap technique. Twenty-five per cent of the cases were several hypospadias with chordee. The procedures of the tubed-transversal-preputial flap, versus onlay-transversal-preputial flap, are compared.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Developmental changes in gonadotrophins and testicular gonadotrophin receptors in the pig, from neonatal to adult life.

Changes in the concentrations of LH and FSH testicular receptors have been studied in the pig, from neonatal to adult life, and correlated with blood LH, FSH and testosterone concentrations. Quantification of gonadotrophin receptors was performed in equilibrium binding studies, using homologous systems. The presence of high-affinity binding sites for LH and FSH (association constant (Ka): LH approximately 20 litres/nmol; FSH approximately 10 litres/nmol) was demonstrated in the testes of all animals studied. The apparent affinity of LH and FSH receptors did not change significantly with age. During the first weeks of life, there was a transient rise in LH receptor content, reaching a maximum of 8.7 +/- 2.2 (mean +/- S.E.M.) pmol/g testis at 24 days of age. This was correlated with a peak in testosterone secretion and reflects the second wave of interstitial cell proliferation in the pig. A second increase in the number of LH receptors occurred after 12 weeks of age and corresponds to pubertal maturation and final differentiation of adult Leydig cells. During this period, circulating concentrations of testosterone markedly increased without any significant variation in LH blood levels, suggesting a change in testicular sensitivity to LH in the maturing pig. A continuous increase in FSH receptor content was observed from the neonatal to the adult pig. This increase occurred in two phases. During the first 2 months of life, the increase in the number of FSH receptors exceeded that of testis growth rate and resulted in an increase in FSH receptor concentrations which reached a peak at 12.1 +/- 1.8 pmol/g testis, at week 9.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Enuresis and urethral instability.

31 patients with refractory enuresis underwent simultaneous urethrocystometry. Pure urethral instability was encountered in 14, urethral and bladder instability in 11 and isolated uninhibited bladder in 3. This allows us to discuss the functional relationship between the urethra and the bladder. We consider urethral instability as being a trigger mechanism for detrusor contraction, and the explanation for the paradox of stable bladder enuresis. Phenylpropanolamine (Ornade), 25-50 mg at bedtime, stabilizes the vesicosphincteric unit and stopped bedwetting in 11 of 16 patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Urethral instability: diagnosis and clinical significance].

Simultaneous urethrocystometry, the advantages of which are outlined, enabled us to diagnose 27 cases of pure urethral instability (male and female) and 16 cases of mixed instability (urethral and bladder instability). We analysed the relationship between the main symptom, this urethral dysfunction and the competence of the bladder neck. Definition, characteristics and frequency of urethral instability are discussed. It is responsible of: frequency or urgency, in the absence of bladder instability, when the bladder neck is closed, intermittent sphincteric incontinence, in the presence of a normal closure pressure on the urethral pressure profile, when the bladder neck is incompetent, enuresis, particularly in case of stable bladder; a new treatment is proposed for this entity. The clinical interest of this diagnosis is stressed in these three situations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Effect of aminophylline on brain blood flow in the newborn piglet.

The effect of 6 mg/kg of aminophylline on brain blood flow was examined in newborn piglets. Arterial plasma aminophylline concentration averaged 7 mg/l. Total brain, regional brain (cerebrum, cerebellum and stem) and eye blood flow as well as the total brain oxygen consumption were not altered by aminophylline treatment. Choroid plexus blood flow was five times higher than the total brain blood flow in these newborn piglets. In contrast to brain blood flow, choroid plexus blood flow decreased significantly following aminophylline administration.

Aminophylline↗