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Biomedical subjects

R Ponti

Publications and source records attributed to R Ponti.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Sodium fluxes during hemodialysis.

Three sets of experiments were performed to determine the effect of the dialysate sodium concentration on the sodium balance of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. First, patients were treated with three different dialysate bath sodium concentrations: 125-132 mEq/l (n = 7), 135-140 mEq/l (n = 11) and 145-150 mEq/l (n = 6). We demonstrated that the pretreatment plasma sodium concentration was independent of the sodium concentration of the dialysate used. Second, the plasma sodium concentration available for diffusion during the treatment was calculated from the plasma sodium concentration and the plasma proteins. The accuracy of this calculation was demonstrated by comparing the predicted value with the concentration of sodium measured in an ultrafiltrate obtained at minimal filtration fraction. Third, the sodium fluxes using a hypernatremic or hyponatremic dialysate were calculated for 100 ml of plasma going through the dialyzer. At steady state, no significant differences in net sodium fluxes were demonstrated between hyper- and hyponatremic dialysis.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1985

Toxicity in man due to stain removers containing 1,2-dichloropropane.

There are reports that 1,2-dichloropropane, a constituent of many commercial solvents and stain removers in Italy, has caused severe liver damage and, sometimes, acute renal failure. Between 1980 and 1983 three cases of 1,2-dichloropropane intoxication (1 by ingestion, 2 by inhalation) were observed. Clinical features included severe liver damage, acute renal failure (2 patients), haemolytic anaemia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The most surprising features were haemolytic anaemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation which have not been reported before. The clinical picture was similar despite different modes of exposure.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1984

Sodium kinetics across dialysis membranes.

The kinetics of sodium across dialysis membranes were studied during diffusion and during convection utilizing cuprophan and cellulose hydrate membranes. During diffusion the changes in plasma water sodium concentration are correlated to the sodium concentration gradient between plasma water and dialysate but an increase also occurs when the gradient is annulled, due to the Donnan effect. During convection the plasma water sodium concentration increases during the passage through the dialyzer and the ultrafiltrate sodium concentration is significantly lower than the plasma water sodium concentration; this is due to the fact that the plasma proteins, as anions unable to cross the membrane, affect the kinetics of the sodium cations. Therefore, during diffusion the kinetics of sodium are mainly affected by the sodium concentration gradient and by the plasma protein concentration, while during convection the plasma protein concentration is the main factor affecting the kinetics of sodium.

Body Water↗
PubMed1982

"Physiological" and "pharmacological" dialysate sodium concentrations.

Forty three uremic patients on regular hemodialysis treatment (4 hours 3 times/week) were dialyzed for a period of 28.95 +/- 14.46 months with a dialysate sodium concentration (NaD) of 142 mEq/l, similar to their plasma water sodium concentration corrected for the Donnan factor ("physiological" NaD). Blood pressure (BP) and body weight (BW) dropped significantly. During two following periods, lasting 18 and 14 months, with NaD 148 mEq/l, similar to the patients' plasma water sodium concentration ("pharmacologically high" NaD), cardiovascular stability improved and BP did not show significant increase. Using "physiological" and "pharmacologically high" NaD the removal of water and sodium by convection improves the cardiovascular stability and the patients' well being, without bringing about the feared long-term cardiovascular side effects, if an appropriate dry body weight is achieved, because of better correction of the cellular overhydration.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1981

Long-term haemodialysis treatment with sodium removal by convection.

Forty-three uraemic patients were studied for 60.95 +/- 14.46 months of haemodialytic treatment (4 hours, 3 times/week). After a first dialysis period of 28.95 +/- 14.46 months with a dialysate sodium concentration (NaD) of 142 mEq/L blood pressure (BP) and body weight (BW) showed values significantly lower (p less than 0.001). During a following period of 32 months with NaD 148mEq/L BP did not show significant changes. A more 'physiological' removal of water and sodium by convection does not bring about the feared long term cardiovascular side effects if an appropriate dry BW is achieved, probably because of better correction of the cellular overhydration.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Steroid pulses and plasmapheresis in the treatment of acute renal failure in multiple myeloma.

Four patients with acute renal failure due to myeloma (IgG with lambda, lambda, lambda, IgG with kappa) were studied; serum creatinine was 4.7, 5.9, 4.25, 10.8 mg%, and proteinuria 2.1, 2.8, 5.2, 4.2g/24h respectively. Renal biopsy specimens (3 patients) showed interstitial fibrosis, oedema, infiltration of mononuclear cells, tubular atrophy or dilatation with many 'myeloma kidney' casts. The patients were treated with plasmapheresis (2-4 exchanges) and methylprednisolone pulses (three to four 1g pulses). Maintenance therapy included prednisone, vincristine, melphalan and cyclophosphamide. After a follow up of 26, 17, 8, 6 months respectively, serum creatinine levels are 1.7, 2.4, 1.8, 4.2mg% respectively. Proteinuria disappeared after three months of therapy in 3 patients, and then remained absent for the successive follow up.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1978

Ultrafiltration and high sodium concentration dialysis: pathophysiological correlation.

Five stabilised uraemic patients underwent two different procedures using the Gambro Ultradiffuser: ultrafiltration alone for one hour (mean body weight loss 2.97 +/- 0.24 kg) and ultrafiltration with simultaneous dialysis for one hour (mean body weight loss 2.92 +/- 0.22 kg) using a given dialysate sodium concentration which reproduced the changes in osmolality which occur during ultrafiltration alone. This mean sodium concentration was 154.75 +/- 2.02 mEq/L. The results did not show significant differences for the two procedures as regards tolerance to dehydration. These results underline the key role of osmolar stability in making dehydration tolerable.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Fat necrosis in the newborn infant associated with hypercalcemia and dyslipidemia (description of a case)].

A case of subcutaneous fat necrosis (S.F.N.) with hypercalcemia and hyperlipemia in a newborn infant is reported. On the basis of previous reports it is impossible to definite the pathogenesis of hypercalcemia and hyperlipemia in subcutaneous fat necrosis. Moreover the Authors point out that in a newborn with S.F.N. plasma levels of calcium and lipids and, if it is possible, urinary prostaglandin E and serum PTH and 250HD3 should be determined.

Fat Necrosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Identification of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor receptor mRNA by non-isotopic in situ hybridization in bone marrow biopsies.

BACKGROUND: In the last few years many studies have been published on GM-CSF receptors, focusing on molecular structure, function and distribution. Nevertheless, protocols for detecting GM-CSF receptors on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded histological sections, to our knowledge, have not been described. METHODS: A method based on non-isotopic in situ hybridization (ISH) using a 21-base antisense DNA oligoprobe whose 3'-end was labeled with digoxigenin 11-dUTP was devised. The probe was applied on 20 routinely processed bone marrow trephine biopsies which were considered as positive controls. RESULTS: The hybridization signal was seen in myeloid cells, erythroid progenitors and rare megakaryocytes. CONCLUSIONS: Non-isotopic ISH represents an alternative to current methodologies for the assessment of GM-CSF receptor expression; since it is suitable for routinely processed samples, it can be regarded as a helpful tool for diagnostic determination of GM-CSF receptors in tumors from patients receiving GM-CSF and for retrospective studies on archival material.

Base Sequence↗