Skin optics and phototherapy of jaundice.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
R Pratesi
Publications and source records attributed to R Pratesi.
Herpes zoster ophthalmicus with contralateral hemiplegia.
A 48-year-old man developed left hemiparesis nine weeks after herpes zoster skin lesions had appeared over the right forehead. Cerebral angiography showed bilateral changes consistent with cerebral arteritis. The patient's condition worsened after the angiographic procedure. Reports from the literature as well as the present case suggest that arteritis and ischemia best explain contralateral neurological symptoms that occur suddenly following herpes zoster ophthalmicus.
Cerebral Angiography↗
A simple, reliable waveguide dye laser for ophthalmological applications.
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Coloring Agents↗
Tunable lasers in ophthalmology.
The present status of laser application in clinical ophthalmology is breifly reviewed. The potentials of tunable dye lasers as retinal photocoagulators are discussed. Selective irradiation of ocular tissues over the full visible spectrum and the simplicity and reliability of recently developed waveguide lasers are the most attractive features of these lasers. Waveguide dye lasers have permitted to set up very compact and simple retinal photocoagulators, with improved output intensity stability and nearfield distribution uniformity. Preliminary results obtained with pulsed Rhodamine 6G laser show that good retinal photocoagulations are obtained at very low output energies.
Animals↗
Sleep-related breathing disorders in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Sleep-related breathing events in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have been reported in small case series, but the association with the clinical presentation--with (B) or without (nonB) bulbar symptoms--or the relevance for prognosis have not been investigated. We retrospectively analyzed sleep studies of 114 (46 nonB) ALS patients, aged 54 +/- 11 years. Respiratory function was better in nonB patients: forced vital capacity was 76 +/- 20% vs 55 +/- 23% in the bulbar group (p < 0.001); PaCO2 41 +/- 5 vs 44 +/- 6 mm Hg p < 0.05. The mean apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) was higher in nonB patients (22 +/- 12 vs 15 +/- 16 events per hour- p < 0.05); in this group 21 out of 46 patients (46%) had more than 20 events/hour versus 14 out of 68 (21%) in the nonB group (p < 0.005). On the contrary the oxygen desaturation index (ODI) was similar (10 +/- 11 vs 9 +/- 12 events per hour, p = NS). Most events had a central genesis and obstructive events were usually erratic, except in 7 patients (6 in group B) who had more than 10 obstructive events/hour. Data were stratified in three groups: with a disease duration below 1 year (< 1 yr), between 1 and 2 years (1-2 yr), and more than 2 years (> 2 yr). The occurrence of sleep-related respiratory disorders decreased with the increase of disease duration (23 +/- 15; 18 +/- 14; and 16 +/- 15 events per hour respectively), the decrease being significantly lower in the > 2 yr group than in the < 1 yr (p < 0.05). Again ODI was similar in the three groups. In conclusion the present study shows that sleep-related breathing events are more common than previously described in ALS patients, particularly in the first year following onset of the disease. Obstructive events occur rarely, although the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea is higher than predicted, particularly when bulbar symptoms are present. Patients without bulbar signs show a higher prevalence of central events. The progressive decrease of events with the increase of disease duration could be due to a progressive weakness of respiratory muscles, but it could also suggest an independent role for nocturnal events which could be linked to a worse prognosis or to a more rapid decay of clinical status.
Adult↗
[Sedation with benzodiazepine in ophthalmologic surgery: comparative study of diazepam and midazolam].
INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the effect of giving diazepam and midazolam, respectively 0.1 mg/kg and 0.03 mg/kg on: PAS, PAD, PAM, HR, SaO2 and sedation level at 10, 30, and 50 minutes from injection. These drugs were utilized as sedatives during retrobulbar blockade as anaesthetics technique in cataract surgery. Randomized double blind in operating room for opthalmic surgery in general hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 40 patients (ASA II, III) with mean age 78 +/- 7 divided in two groups with homogeneous morphological and clinic parameters, scheduled for elective cataract surgery. During retrobulbar blockade as anaesthetic technique the patients received diazepam and midazolam in equipotent quantities. Serial measurements of PAS, PAD, PAM, HR, SaO2 and sedation level. RESULTS: Both drugs proved significantly depressant on PAS, PAD, PAM, HR, SaO2. Midazolam proved more depressant than diazepam on SaO2 at 10 minutes from injection; the depression was the same for both drugs at 50 minutes. Sedation level seems higher for midazolam group than diazepam at 10 and 30 minutes, approximately the same for both groups at 50 minutes. CONCLUSIONS: Our results agree with there in the literature. The data show that midazolam is more depressant than diazepam on SaO2 at 10 minutes from injection and the necessity of a controlled "tritation" in small doses for intravenous use of midazolam.
Aged↗