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Biomedical subjects

R Quinn

Publications and source records attributed to R Quinn.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Infertility in mice infected genitally with a human strain of Chlamydia trachomatis.

Progesterone-treated C3H and TO mice were inoculated genitally with a human C. trachomatis strain, serovar E, designated N.I. 1 or with 2SP control medium. Of the C3H mice serving as controls 93% had litters by the end of a 6-month period compared to 31% of mice infected with chlamydiae. This infertility could not be explained by tubal occlusion, since the oviducts appeared normal at autopsy. Some of the mice were induced to superovulate. Eggs were never recovered from the oviducts on the inoculated sides of infertile mice although they were sometimes found in the lumen of the uninoculated oviducts. In contrast, eggs were recovered routinely from both oviducts of control mice. In addition, eggs and/or their accompanying cumulus cells could be seen in the periovarial space of mice inoculated with chlamydiae, indicating a failure of the transportation of eggs to the oviduct. This could explain the high incidence of ectopic pregnancies in women after chlamydial infection. No adverse effect on fertility was seen in TO mice inoculated genitally with strain N.I.1. Of the mice given 2SP medium, 73% had litters, but 87% of the mice inoculated with chlamydiae were also fertile. There was, however, a significantly greater variation in the birth weights of mice born to infected TO mothers than those born to control mice. This difference in the susceptibility of mouse strains suggests that a genetic predisposition should also be considered for man.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Effect of self-administered daily irrigation with 0.02% SnF2 on periodontal disease activity.

To determine the effect on periodontal health of a daily self-administered irrigation with 0.02% stannous fluoride (SnF2) solution, 28 subjects who had moderate to advanced periodontitis were randomly divided into 3 groups: a control group (n = 9) which used no irrigation, a group (n = 8) which used a self-administered water irrigation device (Water Pik) daily with water (H2O group) and a group (n = 11) which used the Water Pik in a similar manner but with SnF2 solution (SnF2 group). All subjects were instructed in routine tooth brushing and flossing but received no other periodontal treatment. 4 study sites were selected from each patient which had pocket depths greater than 4 mm and bleeding upon probing. Plaque index, gingival index, bleeding tendency, pocket depth, loss of attachment, and microbiologic samples of subgingival plaque for morphologic determinations were collected from all study sites at baseline, 2, 6, and 10 weeks. A cross-over was then initiated for 2 additional monthly checks in which the H2O group changed to SnF2 and the SnF2 group was divided into 2 subgroups which either continued to use SnF2 or changed to H2O. The control group completed the study at the beginning of the crossover. The clinical data showed significantly more improvement in periodontal health during the first 10 weeks for the SnF2 group (p less than 0.01). After cross-over, the clinical data indicated the group that changed from H2O to SnF2 significantly improved their periodontal health, while the group that changed from SnF2 to H2O became worse. The microbiologic data showed trends which agreed with the clinical data during the first 10 weeks but were less significant. After cross-over, the %s of motile rods and spirochetes were too small (0-7%) to establish statistically significant changes considering the accuracy of the technique used.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1985

The Neuman Systems Model in practice. Planning phase.

How do you choose and plan for the implementation of a conceptual model for professional nursing practice? This article discusses one institution's experience with the Neuman Systems Model. The process discussed in this article will serve as a guide for other nursing administrators considering this significant undertaking.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1984

A monoclonal antibody specific for the A antigen of Brucella spp.

Two murine monoclonal antibodies of the IgG3 class have been isolated after immunization with Brucella abortus. An indirect immunofluorescence test was used to screen hybridoma supernatants and subsequently to determine the cross-reactivity of the monoclonal antibodies with other bacteria. One monoclonal antibody reacted with all the smooth Brucella biotypes tried and with Yersinia enterocolitica serogroup 0:9, though not with rough Br. ovis or with strains of Escherichia, Proteus, Salmonella, Pseudomonas, Francisella and Bordetella. The other monoclonal antibody displayed a high degree of specificity for brucellae carrying the A lipopolysaccharide-protein surface antigen. The implications for the diagnosis of brucellosis are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Experimental ocular toxocariasis: a mouse model.

Male mice, strain C57 black, were infected with Toxocara canis by a single intragastric dose of 1500 infective eggs. The eyes were studied at sequential time periods after infection (6 to 63 days) by conventional microscopic techniques, and the histological characteristics of the inflammatory response were recorded. In the majority of animals the disease was unilateral. Twenty-six larvae were found in the retina, in the retinal vessels, and in the subretinal space in 20 eyes, while in 29 eyes there were inflammatory changes which were not related to the presence of intact or fragmented larval forms. The inflammatory reaction began as a polymorphonuclear response but after day 13 became a granulomatous reaction. This suggests that the inflammatory phenomenon may be propagated by the secreted surface antigens in the absence of the living or dead larvae.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Minimizing the aggregation of neutral insulin solutions.

Various solution additives affect the solubility and macroaggregation of insulin in buffered aqueous solutions at physiological pH. The solubility of insulin may be improved with the addition of small amounts of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), lysine, Tris buffer, or bicarbonate buffer. In addition, the propensity of dissolved insulin to reaggregate and precipitate may be inhibited by such additives. Buffered physiological (pH 7.4) saline solutions containing 0.001-0.003 M lysine in the presence of 0.005 M EDTA or 0.01 M lysine in the absence of EDTA improve insulin solubility and are effective in minimizing aggregation. Solutions thus prepared may be suitable for application in intravenous insulin infusion devices and may be useful commercial insulin preparations.

Chemical Precipitation↗
PubMed1982

Development of the serological response in rabbits infected with Toxocara canis and Toxascaris leonina.

The indirect fluorescent antibody test using frozen sections of infective Toxocara canis and Toxascaris leonina eggs, and the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay using homogenized Toxocara canis embryonated egg extract and T canis excretory-secretory products as adsorbed antigens were used to determine the specificity and development of circulating antibodies in rabbits. Frozen sections were subdivided into four morphologically distinct compartments for analysis of the development of the circulating antibody response. The fluid surrounding the larva was the most reactive up to 21 days after infection, and this material was found to be predominantly excretory-secretory in nature. As the infection progressed antibodies directed against 'somatic' tissue materials increased. Cross reactions between sera from rabbits infected with T. canis eggs and Toxascaris leonina frozen sections, and rabbits infected with T. leonina eggs and Toxocara canis frozen sections occurred between both the excretory-secretory fluid and somatic components of the infective eggs. These results were substantiated using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. When T. canis excretory-secretory antigen was used, an earlier response (peak day 21) was detected than when using T. canis embryonated egg extract (peak day 35). However, cross reactions between T. canis excretory-secretory antigen and sera from rabbits infected with Toxascaris leonina occurred, indicating that the serodiagnosis of visceral larva migrans using Toxocara canis excretory-secretory antigen may still prove unsatisfactory when considering the role of Toxascaris as a possible causative agent.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The effect of temperature and antimetabolites on antibody binding to the outer surface of second stage Toxocara canis larvae.

In vitro maintained second stage Toxocara canis larvae do not bind antiserum raised to their excretions and secretions (ES) at 37 degrees C as detected by indirect fluorescence. However, when these larvae were incubated at 2 degrees C under the same conditions intense fluorescence on the whole outer surface was observed. This fluorescence remained as long as the larvae were maintained at 2 degrees C. When these larvae were reincubated at 37 degrees C a gradual loss of fluorescence along their outer surfaces occurred. This loss was complete after 3 h. Larvae which were preincubated in antimetabolites at 37 degrees C exhibited intense fluorescence on their outer surfaces as did those incubated at 2 degrees C with antimetabolites. It is concluded that antigens present in ES occur along the whole length of the larval outer surface and turn over at 37 degrees C. This turnover occurs along the whole outer surface and is metabolically dependent. Should this occur in vivo it could afford the parasite with a mechanism for evasion of the immune response.

2,4-Dinitrophenol↗
PubMed1980

A paper radioimmunosorbent test (PRIST) for the detection of larva-specific antibodies to Toxocara canis in human sera.

A paper radioimmunosorbent test (PRIST) was shown to be sensitive and reproducible when used with excretory/secretory antigen of Toxocara canis second stage larvae. Whatman No. 50 filter paper (5 mm discs) gave the most consistent and clear results with antigen at a concentration of 100 micrograms/ml, and could be stored for up to 3 weeks in vacuo at -70 degrees C. Antigen coated discs were incubated with test sera at 1:10 dilution for 3 h at room temperature (21 degrees C), reacted with [125I]anti-human IgG for 1 h and counts determined in a gamma counter. Sera from patients with fascioliasis, taeniasis, schistosomiasis, oxyuriasis, trichinellosis and ancyclostomiasis gave counts similar to cord serum controls. Sera from patients with ascariasis gave counts of up to twice as great as controls, but sera from patients with toxicariasis produced counts of 7,000-13,000, a 4-6-fold increase.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Studies on the incidence of Toxocara and Toxascaris spp. ova in the environment. 1. A comparison of flotation procedures for recovering Toxocara spp. ova from soil.

Seven different flotation fluids were assessed for their efficiency in recovering Toxocara canis ova from artificially seeded soil samples. Using the most efficient (a saturated solution of magnesium sulphate plus 5% potassium iodide) 25 g amounts of 234 environmental soil samples were examined for the presence of Toxocara spp. and Toxascaris ova. Twenty-six samples (11.1%) yielded ova of one or other species. There was no discernible pattern of distribution of positives with relation to the source of the samples. The maximum number of ova recovered in any one sample was 19. All the ova recovered from the environment were considered viable and potentially infective.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

A prospective study of gastric and oesophageal carcinoma.

A prospective study of carcinoma of the stomach and oesophagus has been carried out for 2 1/2 years. Seventy-three cases of carcinoma of the stomach, and 16 cases of carcinoma of the oesophagus have been documented. For carcinoma of the stomach, operability rate was 72-6% and resectability rate was 41-9%; overall survival was poor, 20-9% at 12 months. For those who underwent resection, survival at 12 months was 45-5%. No cases of early gastric cancer are among those studied. For carcinoma of the oesophagus, four patients had a resection, and only one has survived for more than 12 months. In the clinical sphere there is a need for early endoscopic as well as radiological investigation of dyspeptic symptoms. In the research field there is a need for studies of chemotherapy in combination with surgery in the initial treatment of gastric carcinoma.

Adult↗