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Biomedical subjects

R R Parker

Publications and source records attributed to R R Parker.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

Nosology of atypical depression.

A review of the literature on atypical depression indicated three relatively separate usages for the term: anxiety or phobic symptoms additional to depression, reversed functional shift, and non-endogenous depression. A sample of 160 out-patient depressives was rated on a variety of diagnostic systems measuring these concepts. Inter-relationships between groups selected by the three definitions were found to be low. In addition, although there was moderate consistency within different definitions of endogenous depression and of additional anxiety, reversed functional shift symptoms did not correlate well with each other. These findings suggest that atypical depression may be of limited value as a specific diagnosis within non-psychotic depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Response to phenelzine and amitriptyline in subtypes of outpatient depression.

Outpatients with depression and mixed anxiety-depression were treated for six weeks with phenelzine sulfate, amitriptyline hydrochloride, or placebo in a controlled trial. Both active drugs were superior to placebo and were closely comparable in efficacy. Interactions were examined between drug response and classifications based on three different usages of the term atypical depression: additional anxiety or phobic symptoms, atypical functional shift, and nonendogenous depression. Some additional related classifications were also included. There was a tendency for phenelzine to have stronger effects in patients with additional anxiety and without evidence of chronic characterological depression. However, interactions were relatively few. These findings suggest that the two classes of antidepressant affect similar clinical subgroups within the outpatient depressive spectrum, with only relatively weak differences.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

PEP4 gene function is required for expression of several vacuolar hydrolases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The pep4-3 mutation results in a 90-95% reduction in the levels of five vacuolar hydrolases in yeast, including proteinases A and B, carboxypeptidase Y, RNase(s) and the repressible alkaline phosphatase. The mutation is without effect on two secreted glycoproteins, on an enzyme of the vacuolar membrane, and on a proteinase located outside of the vacuole. Mutations at the PEP4 locus exhibit a dosage effect on the levels of some, but not all, of the enzymes whose expression requires the function of the gene.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1982

A case of self-inflicted eye injuries.

The case is described of a young man who repeatedly injured his left eye. There was a history of previous deliberate self-injury and of childhood epilepsy. A diagnosis of borderline personality disorder was made. Similarities to other reported patients who injured their eyes, to "wrist-cutters," and to "delicate self-cutters" are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Phenelzine and amitriptyline: effects on symptoms of neurotic depression.

A double-blind controlled trial of phenelzine, amitriptyline and placebo was carried out in out-patients suffering from depression or mixed anxiety and depression. After six weeks treatment both active drugs were clearly superior to placebo and of similar efficacy; therapeutic effects started to appear at two weeks. Comparisons on symptom ratings showed that both drugs acted as true antidepressants, producing their greatest effects on ratings of depressive mood and thought content. There were additional weak differences, phenelzine producing more improvement on anxiety ratings, while amitriptyline gave greater effects on depressive impairment of work and interests and anergia. Analyses showed little evidence of clinical subgroups responding preferentially to either drug. The findings indicate that MAO inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants have more closely similar clinical effects than has been thought and that either may be a useful treatment for these patients who are often considered to respond poorly to antidepressant drug treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Influence of acetylator phenotype on antidepressant effects of phenelzine.

Acetylator phenotype, determined by blood levels after sulphadimidine, was related to outcome in a controlled trial of phenelzine in patients with depression and mixed anxiety depression. Slow acetylators showed more improvement and greater phenelzine-placebo differences than did fast acetylators, at two, four and six weeks. A tendency towards faster acetylation was observed in subjects with previous increased alcohol intake. Acetylator phenotype was not related to other symptom, diagnostic or history data.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1979

Depressive classification and prediction of response to phenelzine.

A variety of depressive classifications were used to predict response to four weeks' treatment with phenelzine. Better response was found in outpatients rather than inpatients, in atypical depressives, in less severe depressives with a pattern of anxiety and other neurotic symptoms, and in groups characterized as hostile and agitated. The findings, although a little patchy, gave clear support to the concept of a specific clinical group responsive to MAO inhibitors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1974

Chlorodyne dependence.

Eight cases of chlorodyne dependence seen in a London drug clinic are described. These cases and the results of an inquiry among pharmacies in central and south London suggest that this form of drug dependence is commoner among younger people than has been supposed and that the total number of chlorodyne-dependent people in Greater London may exceed 1,000. The prognosis for cure is poor. We recommend that the supply of chlorodyne, now available without prescription to the public, should be restricted.

Adult↗