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Biomedical subjects

R R Welbury

Publications and source records attributed to R R Welbury.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Root extrusion, a practical solution in complicated crown-root incisor fractures.

Implants and fixed and removable prostheses are very successful in replacing missing units but their cost can be inhibitory to a number of patients. In addition fixed and removable prostheses can be destructive to sound abutment teeth and can result in damage to dental and soft tissue. This report describes the restoration of a tooth with a complicated incisor crown-root fracture that extended below both the gingival cuff and the alveolar crest, by using remaining tooth tissue. The restoration was completed after root extrusion with a cast post, diaphragm and core, and porcelain crown.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Variations in the presenting and treatment features in reimplanted permanent incisors in children and their effect on the prevalence of root resorption.

OBJECTIVE: To examine variations in the presentation and treatment of reimplanted incisors in children and to determine the effect of these on the prevalence of external root resorption. SETTING: Departments of Paediatric Dentistry, Belfast and Newcastle upon Tyne. DESIGN: Recording of the timing of the injury and the storage mediums (including air) and of reimplantation, the stage of root development, the degree of contamination and the time of commencement of root treatment. Cases were reviewed clinically and radiographically at intervals of 3 months. Root resorption was classified as present or absent. Logistic regression and cross-tabulations were produced with the presence of resorption set as the outcome. RESULTS: 128 reimplanted permanent incisor teeth, their median dry time prior to reimplantation being 15 minutes (range 4-52 mins), the median time in a liquid medium being 45 minutes (range 0-650 mins), with a median splinting time of 15 days (range 4-52 days) and a median pulp extirpation time of 15 days (range 0-612 days). There was a lower prevalence of resorption when the period of dryness was less than or equal to 5 minutes (p = 0.025). The prevalence of resorption in teeth with no visible contamination was 57.1%, for those with contamination which were washed clean it was 75%, in those rubbed clean it was 87.5%, and it was 100% for those reimplanted with visible contamination still present (p = 0.014). The corrected odds ratio for contamination was 2.99 and for an extension of 10 minutes of dryness it was 1.29. CONCLUSION: The degree of contamination and the period of dryness were the major risk factors for resorption in this study of reimplanted teeth in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Clinical evaluation of paired compomer and glass ionomer restorations in primary molars: final results after 42 months.

OBJECTIVES: To undertake a clinical trial comparing the efficiency of a compomer restoration with a glass ionomer restoration in the management of caries in primary molar teeth. DESIGN: Subjects were admitted to the trial if they required at least one pair of restorations in primary molar teeth. SETTING: Department of Child Dental Health, Newcastle Dental Hospital and School. SUBJECT: Twenty nine children, aged 4-9 years, had 56 pairs of restorations placed between January 1995 and November 1997. METHOD: The durability of the restorations was assessed during a 42-month follow-up period using modified United States Public Health Service criteria. Survival analysis and the McNemar paired test were used to compare the performance of the two restorative materials. RESULTS: The compomer restorations had a higher mean survival time (42 months, SE 1.40) compared with 37 months (SE 1.90) for the glass ionomer restorations and this was significant at the 5% level. The compomer also performed significantly better in terms of anatomical form, marginal integrity, cavo surface discoloration and maintenance of interproximal contact. CONCLUSIONS: The present trial demonstrated that Dyract compomer performed significantly better than Chemfil Superior a glass ionomer cement for all modified United States Public Health Service criteria over a period of 42 months.

Aluminum Silicates↗
PubMed2000

PlayStation lip.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Child↗
PubMed2000

Dental manifestations in severe combined immunodeficiency following bone marrow transplantation.

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder with an estimated overall frequency of 1 in 75 000 live births. Bone marrow transplantation is the only curative treatment available. Using T cell-depleted HLA non-identical bone marrow requires preconditioning with a short course of cytotoxic chemotherapy. We report severe dental developmental anomalies in three such patients under long-term follow up.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed2000

Oral health and juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a review.

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) results in significant morbidity that includes an adverse impact on oral health that is generally not well recognized. This review describes current literature which demonstrates poor oral health in children with JIA. The impact of JIA on oral health is probably multifactorial and these factors are discussed. This review emphasizes the role of paediatric dentistry in the multidisciplinary management of JIA and highlights the need for further research.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed2000

The atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) technique: does it have a place in everyday practice?

The ART technique was introduced in the early 1990s. It involves the removal of carious tooth tissue with hand instruments followed by restoration with an adhesive material (glass-ionomer cement). Local anaesthetic is not always required for treatment and the technique has helped to bridge the gap in the provision of treatment to rural communities, senior citizens and dental phobic patients. This article looks at the development of the technique, its performance and potential areas of application.

Adhesives↗
PubMed2000

Enamel microabrasion.

A significant number of patients complain of discoloured teeth. The enamel microabrasion technique described in this article is a simple conservative method for improving the appearance of discoloured enamel.

Contraindications↗
PubMed1999

Decalcification in relation to brackets bonded with glass ionomer cement or a resin adhesive.

Forty randomly selected patients had brackets bonded on one side of the of the maxillary labial segment with glass ionomer cement. Teeth on the opposite side were bonded with a resin adhesive. Teeth were assessed for decalcification pretreatment, at debond, and at review using a standardized photographic technique and a modified DDE index. The mean number of teeth affected by decalcification and the mean extent of decalcification per tooth increased during the treatment period, but from debond to review both of these measurements decreased for teeth bonded with either material (p)<0.01, t-test). Decalcification appears to become less severe posttreatment, but does not appear to be significantly affected during 12 to 18 months of orthodontic treatment by bonding with glass ionomer cement. Dietary and other environmental factors, including fluoride preparations, may be of greater importance in the prevention of decalcification during fixed appliance therapy.

Adhesives↗
PubMed1999

Juvenile chronic arthritis: a dental review.

A review of the literature relating to juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) is presented. It includes a description of the disease itself and identifies our knowledge of the increased risk of dental disease associated with this condition. In addition the impact of JCA therapy on the dental management of the patient is discussed. The review highlights the need for further research into the effects of the disease on dental caries, periodontal disease and saliva.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

The use of resin-bonded porcelain crowns for primary molars in infra-occlusion.

Infra-occluded primary molars without permanent successors may require restorative treatment to maintain occlusal stability and periodontal health in addition to creating an aesthetic result. This paper describes the use of two resin-bonded porcelain crowns to provide a simple, minimally invasive technique using a material with good wear resistance and high strength to create an aesthetic and functional occlusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

An unusual seat belt injury in a 7-year-old boy.

A luxation injury of a lower primary incisor in a 7-year-old boy was caused by the shoulder component of a seat belt. This highlights the increased risk of injury in children who are too large for safety seats but still too small for adult seat belts.

Child↗
PubMed1998

The dental practitioner's role in protecting children from abuse. 1. The child protection system.

The last British Dental Journal article on child protection was in 1986. Since then there have been major changes in both legislation and approaches to child protection. A local authority child protection specialist and a consultant in paediatric dentistry outline the development of child protection and the dental practitioner's role in the inter-agency child protection system in this, the first of three inter-related articles.

Child↗
PubMed1996

The use of inhalation sedation and local anaesthesia instead of general anaesthesia for extractions and minor oral surgery in children: a prospective study.

One hundred and thirty-three children aged 4-17 years were treated to assess the viability of operating a regular inhalation sedation service for extractions and minor oral surgery in children. The study evaluated treatment success, assessed parents' and children's satisfaction, and compared the cost of inhalation sedation with that of existing general anaesthesia services. Eighty-four per cent of the children had been referred for orthodontic extractions. Treatment was successfully completed for 120 of the patients; 201 permanent and 130 primary teeth were extracted and six minor surgical procedures were performed. Postal questionnaire assessment of the parents' and children's views showed that 97% were satisfied with the treatment provided. Of those parents who had previous experience of general anaesthesia, 79% stated that inhalation sedation was 'better' or 'much better' than general anaesthesia. It was estimated that the cost of providing treatment under inhalation sedation was considerable less than under general anaesthesia. It was concluded that it is viable to offer a regular inhalation sedation service for orthodontic extractions in children because it is clinically successful, acceptable to children and their parents, and cost-effective.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1996

Under-registration for dental care of children with heart defects in the north-east of England: a comparative study.

The main aim of this study was to discover the number of children with heart defects registered for dental care under capitation in the north-east of England. Subsidiary aims were to compare percentage registrations of these children with those of a similar age in the general population and to investigate the involvement of the Hospital Dental Service (HDS) and Community Dental Service (CDS) in providing dental care for children with heart defects. A sample of all patients under the age of 18 years attending the northern regional cardiothoracic unit between 1st August 1990 and 31st July 1992 was obtained. Details were sent to the Dental Practice Board for analysis during September 1993. A separate analysis was undertaken to estimate the number of children receiving dental care at the dental hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne and within the CDS. A total of 930 children were identified during the study period. Only 38% of children were currently registered for capitation. Of the 930 patients 56 (6%) were registered at the dental hospital while 9% were estimated to be regularly attending the CDS. It is concluded that in the north-east of England, children with heart defects are registered under capitation at an unacceptably low level. They are less likely to be registered than children without this medical condition and it cannot be demonstrated that other dental services are making good the shortfall.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Long-term effects of antineoplastic chemotherapy and radiotherapy on dental development.

Advances in treatment protocols over the past 20 years have resulted in much improved survival rates for children with cancer. As more children survive, the emphasis has moved from "saving children at all costs' to saving children "at least cost to the child' and protocols are continually reviewed with this in mind. As more dental practitioners are likely to encounter children who have survived malignant disease, this paper looks at the long-term effects of treatment modalities on the dentoalveolar complex.

Adolescent↗