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Biomedical subjects

R Rapp

Publications and source records attributed to R Rapp.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

A procedure for splitting human teeth to obtain intact pulp tissue, enamel and dentin.

Calcified human permanent and primary teeth are often split to obtain pulp tissue for histochemical studies as well as unaltered dentin and surfaces for scanning electron microscopy. Various procedures have been used to cleave teeth, with different degrees of consistency. For rapid and fairly consistent splitting, a vise to the jaws of which triangular metal files have been welded has been found useful. The apices of the files were ground by an electric drill to the shape of typical teeth. Teeth to be split were grooved on their opposing external surfaces and were then cracked open between the file blades upon application of pressure by the vise. Teeth usually split lengthwise, exposing the entire pulp organ in one section and an empty pulp chamber-root canal in the other. This facilitated rapid penetration of fixative into pulp, and easier removal of pulp tissue in toto, as well as providing fresh enamel and dentin surfaces suitable for scanning electron microscopy.

Dental Enamel↗
PubMed1984

A modified technique for perfusing blood vessels in pulps of extracted teeth.

The distribution of blood vessels in pulp tissue can be studied through the use of perfusion techniques on freshly extracted teeth. A procedure for the perfusion of extracted human and monkey teeth in vitro is described. As the process is not histologic in nature, a method of identifying the observed vessels is suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Computed tomography in the evaluation of sacroiliac arthritis.

Computed tomography (CT) in the evaluation of the sacroiliac joints was compared with conventional radiography in a double-blind study. CT did not increase the probability of detecting sacroiliitis. Because only a few patients were evaluated near the onset of their disease, the sensitivity of CT as compared with that of routine radiography in detecting early morphological changes remains undetermined. An inexperienced observer may find it easier to evaluate CT scans than conventional radiographs of the sacroiliac joint; however, with optimal images, an experienced radiologist does not need CT to evaluate the sacroiliac joint in clinical practice.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1979

Visualization of the longitudinal fold of the duodenum by computed tomography.

The longitudinal fold of the duodenum can be visualized by computed tomography (CT). Visualization of the fold helps localize the hepatopancreatic duct entrance into the duodenum. Many pathological processes of the head of the pancreas such as pancreatitis or malignancy can produce swelling involving the longitudinal fold, which can be visualized by CT.

Ampulla of Vater↗
PubMed1979

The posterior pararenal space: an escape route for retrocrural masses.

In two patients with retrocrural tumors, dissection of the tumors selectively into the posterior pararenal space was observed by computed tomography. Cadaver studies confirmed the presence of potential communications between the retrocrural space and the extrapleural space of the thorax or the posterior pararneal space of the abdomen.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Posttraumatic epilepsy prophylaxis.

Despite a large body of experimental evidence suggesting that posttraumatic epilepsy can be prevented, there is no generally accepted pharmacological regimen for posttraumatic seizure prophylaxis. This article describes a phenytoin anticonvulsant regimen specifically tailored for the patient with acute head injury and designed to provide immediate and sustained plasma concentrations of phenytoin between 10 and 20 microgram/ml. Initially, an intravenous phenytoin dose of 11 mg/kg body weight is immediately followed by an intramuscular dose of 13 mg/kg body weight. This is followed by daily intramuscular maintenance doses, usually 8.8 mg/kg body weight, until oral medication can be tolerated. Maintenance dosage adjustments, when necessary, are based on serial plasma concentrations of the drug. Eighty-four patients with severe head injuries with substantial risk of posttraumatic epilepsy were administered this regimen. Only 6% of these patients had seizures during the first year after injury (first week excluded), and this is considerably less than the rates reported elsewhere in the literature. Only one-third of these patients are known to have continued to take phenytoin after the first month, and only half of these had plasma phenytoin concentrations above the desired minimal level. The greatly reduced incidence of posttraumatic seizures in these patients, despite the low rate of long-term drug compliance, suggests that a prophylactic effect, rather than a suppressive effect, is produced.

Adolescent↗