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Biomedical subjects

R Reuther

Publications and source records attributed to R Reuther.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome restricted to the pallidal nuclei.

The case history is presented of a man who died at the age of 38 years and had been suffering from severe torsion dystonia and a hypokinetic-rigid motor disturbance since the age of 10. The pathological findings were isolated pallidal degeneration with demyelination and moderate neuronal loss, iron pigment accumulation and spheroid bodies in both pallidal nuclei. In addition the zona reticularis of the substantia nigra was hypoplastic and not affected. The red nucleus, the dentate nucleus and the zona reticularis of the substantia nigra showed iron depigmentation. The rare condition of non-familial Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome, without involvement of the zona reticularis and the cerebral cortex, was considered to be the diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Dual isotope scintigraphy in stroke patients.

Platelet scintigraphy is a useful technique to detect atherosclerotic lesions of the neck vessels in stroke patients. The habitual one isotope technique causes false positive and false negative results due to circulating platelet-bound activity. To eliminate these confusing results we performed a dual isotope technique on 20 stroke patients. The new method consists of simultaneous injections of 111-Indium labelled blood platelets and 99mTc labelled red cells, and achieves a calculation of the ratio 111-In/99mTc. Thus the subtraction of the red cell blood flow image can render a pure thrombus formation visible. The habitual visually evaluated one isotope scintigraphy showed positive scans in 11 out of 20 patients, whereas under dual isotope scintigraphy 3 patients showed no 111-Indium excess after subtraction of the red cell image; they can thus be qualified as false positive. In the case of another patient with a visually negative image a thrombus formation could be observed after the subtraction procedure. It seems, that the dual isotope technique in platelet scintigraphy is a valuable refinement on the way to verifiable results.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1984

Dual isotope carotid scintigraphy in patients with amaurosis fugax attacks.

A new dual isotope scintigraphic (DISC) examination of the carotid arteries consisting of simultaneous injections of 111In-labeled platelets and 99mTc-labeled red cells was performed on eight male patients suffering from amaurosis fugax attacks. In concordance with the angiographically proven high percentage of significant extracranial carotid disease in patients with amaurosis fugax, six of the eight patients examined had an increased platelet accumulation in the carotid artery clinically affected. In one patient with normal angiography and one amaurosis fugax attack the platelet scintigraphy even revealed a pathological platelet accumulation in the ipsilateral carotid artery. These findings confirm the hypothesis that most amaurosis fugax attacks are due to arterio-arterial emboli originating from atherosclerotic plaques of the carotid bifurcation.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Doppler sonogram in basilar artery thromboses].

We have investigated 6,380 patients with directional c-w Doppler sonography within the last 3 1/2 years, and have suspected obstruction of the basilar artery or of both distal vertebral arteries in 7 cases. Either bilateral sonographic silence or an absent diastolic flow component of the vertebral arteries were employed as criteria in the sonographic evaluation. Angiography of the vertebro-basilar system, performed in 6 cases, confirmed the diagnoses: basilar artery occlusion was found in 4 patients, 1 patient revealed tight stenosis of the basilar artery in its entire length, and 1 patient exhibited occlusion of both distal vertebral arteries. Three further basilar artery occlusions were detected by means of angiography despite initially negative Doppler sonography within the same period of time; 1 of those patients, however, met the above criteria for basilar artery occlusion upon sonographic reevaluation on the following day. Thus, we believe that directional c-w Doppler sonography is very useful in the diagnosis of basilar artery obstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

CAT scan and immunohistochemical findings in a case of cerebral thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease).

Immunohistochemical examinations were carried out in a case of thromboangiitis obliterans. A 26-year-old man developed 4 brain infarctions which could be demonstrated by CAT scan. He suffered from a left-sided hemiparesis, major epileptic seizures, and an ischemic optic neuritis. Immunologic studies supported a diagnosis of cerebral thromboangiitis obliterans (CTAO). The serum anti-elastin titer as well as IgE were considerably increased and a biopsy of the temporal artery showed immunohistochemical signs of an acute inflammatory vessel disease. After the diagnosis of CTAO had been made, the patient was treated with azathioprine and dexamethasone. In cases of young stroke patients, a temporal biopsy is important in confirming the diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

New aspects of thromboangiitis obliterans (von Winiwarter-Buerger's disease).

The existence of thromboangiitis obliterans as a clinical entity has been a matter of debate for many years. In contrast to other immunovasculitides there is no organ involvement while peripheral vessels are affected. Heavy smokers under 40 years of age have a high predisposition for the disease. The cerebral form shows relapsing brain infarctions which can be visualized in CCT while panarteriography remains negative. Apart from unspecific inflammatory signs in blood and CSF there are distinctive laboratory findings proving the autoimmunological character of von Winiwarter-Buerger's disease. In the serum anti-elastin antibodies, IgE and anticollagen antibody activity are detectable. In 3 patients the authors detected specific immunohistochemical findings in a biopsy specimen of the temporal artery. In addition to platelet-inhibiting substances corticoids in acute and azathioprine in chronic treatment becomes necessary.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1984

[Transitory ischemic attacks with hemiballismus].

Three patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease suffered attacks of transient dyskinesias, consistent with hemiballism. Angiographically all of them showed occlusive disease of the cerebral arteries. Two patients had lesions in different cerebral arteries, but showed signs and symptoms of insufficiency of the carotid artery contralateral to the dyskinesias, which was occluded in one patient and severely stenosed in the other. The third patient had frank occlusion of the basilar artery. The blood supply of the nucleus subthalamicus receiving contributions from the carotid and vertebral arterial system as well would explain transient hemiballism as a symptom of the insufficiency of both arterial systems and would further be one of the possible explanations for the low frequency of this symptom. On the other hand the appearance of transient hemiballism should be regarded as indicative of significant occlusive disease of the cerebral arteries.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

The clinical use of platelet scintigraphy with 111-In-oxine.

Platelet scintigraphy was performed on 62 patients with cerebral ischaemia. Pathological scintigraphic images were obtained in 29 of the 62 patients. In 79.3% of these 29 patients the scan was abnormal in the vessel clinically affected. Platelet scintigraphy was abnormal in 21 of 34 patients with normal angiogram or only slight atherosclerosis. In patients undergoing antiplatelet therapy, platelet scintigraphy was less often positive than in untreated patients. It is suggested that platelet scintigraphy could be an appropriate technique for detecting small mural thrombi of the carotid artery, which are the source of arterio-arterial emboli, and for controlling the efficiency of antiplatelet therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Electromyographic signs of neurogenic involvement in hypokalemic paralysis as a result of diuretic abuse].

A female is reported, which showed motor and sensory disturbances following severe hypokalemia induced by abuse of diuretics. Elevated CSF-protein and abnormal neurographic findings with restitution after substitution with potassium led to the diagnosis of a neurogenic involvement like a Guillain-Barré syndrome. In the literature similar cases are described. So it seems, that beside of myopathic changes neurogenic disturbances can appear as a neurological symptom of hypokalemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Disturbances of the pupil reflex associated with cerebral infarction in the posterior cerebral artery territory (author's transl)].

Four cases of homonymous hemianopia due to cerebral infarction in the posterior cerebral artery territory showed loss of pupillomotor sensitivity within the hemianopic defects, using small threshold-stimuli under perimetric conditions. Sensory and pupillographic profiles paralleled each other. The recordings were done with a portable pupillograph measuring the infrared light reflected from the iris. A Tübinger perimeter served as stimulator.

Cerebral Arteries↗
PubMed1981

[A contribution to the cooling effect of external remedies on the live human skin (author's transl)].

Using covered thermoelements, the authors determined in 26 non-dermopathic volunteers the changes in skin temperature produced by the application of Unguentum emulsificans aquosum SR, Unguentum emulsificans cum 50% aqua, Linimentum aquosum SR, Lotio Zinci oxydati SR, Lotio Zinci oxydati aethanolica SR and water. Lotio Zinci oxydati aethanolica SR had the strongest cooling effect, followed by Lotio Zinci oxydati SR and, with some reservations, Unguentum emulsificans aquosum SR. The two other external remedies are unsuitable as cold creams.

Adolescent↗