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R Riess

Publications and source records attributed to R Riess.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Different emotional tones significantly affect recognition performance in patients with Korsakoff psychosis.

The performance in reidentifying photographs was measured in alcoholic Korsakoff patients, in non-amnesic alcoholics and in a control group. The photographs showed well-known and unknown faces and buildings and alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages. A minimum of 15 min elapsed between the end of the original presentation of the series and the beginning of its second presentation within a large number of additional photographs. Korsakoff patients were significantly inferior in number of correctly reidentified items compared to alcoholics who were in turn significantly inferior to the control group. Korsakoff patients manifested the poorest performance in the reidentification of unknown pictures and of nonalcoholic beverages; they showed, however, comparatively good performance in the reidentification of alcoholic beverages and of known faces. Independent of the category of the stimulus material, the Korsakoff patients had low confidence in their responses. It is concluded from these data that the emotional tone of material to be remembered constitutes a major variable for delayed effective retrieval.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Delayed-alternation performance after selective lesions of the medial and sulcal prefrontal cortex of the guinea pig.

The sulcal or medial subdivision of the prefrontal cortex of the guinea pig was ablated after the animals had learned a spatial delayed-alternation task. Retention of this task was significantly impaired only after ablation of the medial prefrontal cortex. As the most critical cortical region for delayed-alternation performance in the rat is also situated in the medial prefrontal cortex, our findings suggest a close functional correspondence of the prefrontal cortices of these rodent species.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multifactorial analysis of prognostic factors in major abdominal surgery in patients over 80.

OBJECTIVE: The principle aim of the study was to identify by multifactorial analysis the combination of factors predictive of mortality after major laparotomy in patients over 80 years old. DESIGN: A computer held data base established by the authors in 1978 was used to register all relevant information of all major laparotomies performed in patients above 80. RESULTS: Unifactorial analysis of mortality disclosed the following factors associated with increased postoperative mortality: 1. Age 85 or more; 2. ASA fitness status 4 or 4; 3. Emergency procedure; 4. Presence of advanced malignant disease; 5. Diagnostic group 5 or 9 (mesenteric occlusion, pancreato biliary malignancy). Multifactorial analysis disclosed low mortality (2.5%) in cases with no gravity factors and very high mortality (above 70%) in those with 3 or more gravity factors.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Atypical inflammatory myopathy associated with Crohn's disease.

INTRODUCTION: We report on a 37-year-old woman with quiescent Crohn's disease who developed steroid responsive myositis. Although there are some case reports about inflammatory myopathy in Crohn's disease, the myopathological characteristics have still to be detailed. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Open muscle biopsy was performed on the left medial gastrocnemius muscle. For light-microscopical investigation conventional and immunohistochemical detection procedures were employed. RESULTS: Focal necrotic changes together with peri- and endomysial inflammatory infiltrates were found predominantly consisting of CD67- and CD68-positive cells accompanied by CD8-and CD4-positive ones. Especially at sites of otherwise normal muscle area CD8-positive cells were seen, 100. Furthermore, severe inflammatory infiltration of connective tissue septa and the occurrence of granulocytes are striking features of the inflammatory myopathy in this condition. CONCLUSION: We report a probably T cell-mediated inflammatory myopathy associated with preceding Crohn's disease. The myositis is characterized by features which are unknown in disorders constituting the polymyositis and dermatomyositis syndromes. Thus, Crohn's disease associated "focal necrotizing neutrophilic myositis" probably has to be regarded as a specific myositis entity.

Adult↗