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Biomedical subjects

R Robeva

Publications and source records attributed to R Robeva.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Enhanced beta 2-microglobulin levels in lymphocyte culture supernatants from patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: inhibition of lymphocyte activation by cyclosporine.

Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is associated with a disorder of T-lymphocyte function, and an enhanced production of a vasoactive lymphokine, the vascular permeability factor (VPF). In an attempt to evaluate lymphocyte activation in various phases of INS, we measured beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m) levels in lymphocyte culture supernatants (LCS). In 23 cases of untreated active INS, beta 2m levels in unstimulated LCS were significantly increased in comparison with those of 13 cases of untreated INS in complete remission (p less than 0.001), of 17 cases of active membranous nephropathy (p less than 0.01) and of 14 controls (p less than 0.001). In 13 patients treated with cyclosporine (Cs) (3-4.5 mg/kg/d) during 3 months, beta 2m levels were within the normal range. Although the beta 2m of 7 Cs patients without proteinuria was lower than 5 Cs patients with residual proteinuria, the difference was not statistically significant. In 15 prednisone(Pr)-treated INS patients, beta 2m levels were normalized. However their beta 2m levels were lower in 8 cases of complete remission than in 7 cases of persistent proteinuria (p less than 0.05). Concanavalin-A stimulation increased beta 2m amounts in all groups with a similar magnitude. In vitro addition of Cs (100 ng/ml) inhibited both beta 2m and VPF elevations observed in active INS. beta 2m level and VPF activity were significantly correlated (r = 0.54, p less than 0.01). High levels of beta 2m in LCS from INS are the consequence of an enhanced cellular synthesis and they are inhibited by Pr and Cs. Thus beta 2m increase in INS indeed reflects lymphocyte activation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis associated with Buckley's syndrome treated with cyclosporin].

A 38-year old patient had been suffering, since the age of 17, from membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis associated with chronic atopic eczema and recurrent sinusitis. Bouts of eczema with severe itching occurred simultaneously with sinusitis and proteinuria. Permanently extreme serum IgE levels (greater than 10,000 IU/ml), defective neutrophil chemotaxis and monocyte phagocytic function (Buckley's syndrome) were present. Because cyclosporin reduces excessive IgE levels in Brown Norway rats with mercuric chloride nephritis, we gave the patient this drug in daily doses of 3-4 mg/kg. A dramatic improvement resulted within a few days: itching disappeared, the eczema progressively cleared, proteinuria decreased to less than 0.5 g/day and serum IgE levels to 4000 KIU/l. Reduction of dosage was followed by recurrence of all clinical and biological signs. In spite of the improvement obtained, serum creatinine levels, which were initially high (200-250 mumol/l) rose up to 300 mumol/l after one year of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Clinical and therapeutic studies in mesangial immunoglobulin A glomerulonephritis.

A long-term clinical and therapeutic study was performed in 47 patients with mesangial IgA glomerulonephritis. The male to female ration was 2.9:1. An episode of gross haematuria or the incidental discovery of asymptomatic microscopic haematuria with associated mild proteinuria heralded the apparent onset of renal disease. At the onset of observation 18 patients (38.2%) had high blood pressure. Other 17 patients developed hypertension during observation. Anaemia was uncommon. No essential abnormalities in serum protein and lipid patterns were found. Twenty-nine patients (61.6%) had higher levels of serum immunoglobulins--most frequently of IgA (42.5%). Twenty-two patients had low serum C3 levels (46.8%). The percentage of patients with renal failure increased from 21.2 to 36.1 during observation. Male sex, hypertension, proteinuria higher than 2 g/24 h, elevated ESR, high serum IgA levels, longer duration of the disease and older age of patients suggest an unfavourable outcome. Long-term treatment with a combination of azathioprine/acenocumarol, or indomethacin, or levamisole has no effect on the clinical manifestation and evolution.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Is adult idiopathic nephrotic syndrome food allergy? Value of oligoantigenic diets.

To evaluate the prevalence of food hypersensitivity in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS), an oligoantigenic diet was given for 10 days to 13 patients with INS who had not steadily responded to corticosteroids; 5 of these patients were corticodependent, 3 were corticoresistant and 5 had multiple relapses. A history of allergy was present in 8 cases and an increase in total serum IgE levels in 6. Sensitivity to food antigens was documented by skin tests in 5, by the radioallergosarbent test (RAST) in 5 and by the human basophil degranulation test (HBDT) in 11. At the end of the oligoantigenic diet, proteinuria was significantly reduced in the 13 patients as compared to the initial level. It decreased by more than 50% in 9 patients and disappeared completely in 5. It seems that an oligoantigenic diet is helpful in cases of INS that do not respond to corticosteroids. This argues for a role of food hypersensitivity in this disease and suggests that avoidance of specific foods on the longer term may be of benefit. This diet must be tried in INS before the initiation of immunosuppressive therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Immunoglobulin A glomerulonephritis in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis].

A case of a 48 years old man with a combination of immunoglobulin A glomerulonephritis and ankylosing spondylitis is reported. The patient presents with the typical clinical and X-ray data of Bechterew's disease and the kidney biopsy shows diffuse mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis with IgA precipitates. The rheumatic manifestations precede the hematuria and proteinuria. High serum IgA and arterial hypertension are present. It is suggested that the combination of these two diseases is more frequent since common pathogenetic mechanisms may play a leading role.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1986

Blood coagulation in glomerulonephritis.

Different parameters of coagulation were studied in 71 patients with glomerulonephritis. In comparison with normal subjects they had lower platelet counts, lower adhesion index and decreased aggregation, decreased partial thromboplastin time (46.4 per cent of patients), increased reptilase time (47.8 per cent) and other disorders. Plasma fibrin monomer soluble complexes were positive in 52.1 per cent and fibrin degradation products occurred in 14 per cent. According to the authors, in glomerulonephritis there are: subacute or chronic forms of disseminated intravascular coagulation; thrombopathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Study of the protein C-protein S system in glomerulopathies and nephrotic syndrome].

The protein C-protein S natural anticoagulant system was evaluated in 32 patients with proteinuria, 11 without nephrotic syndrome (NS) and 21 with NS of different grade. Antithrombin III (AT III), factors II, VII, X were also measured in the same groups of patients. In addition to plasma levels of these proteins, urinary loss of protein C was evaluated in concentrated urine specimens from 17 of the 21 patients with NS. The protein C antigen level was found to be normal or high in NS, but the difference between the control group and nephrotic patients was statistically significant only in severe NS. For all proteinuric patients, the plasma concentration of protein C correlated positively with the degree of proteinuria, cholesterol level, triglyceride level, and correlated inversely with serum albumin concentration; 17/17 patients with NS exhibited urinary loss of protein C and the degree of protein C excretion correlated positively with the degree of proteinuria. Plasma protein S antigen was measured in only 11 patients with NS and was found to be significatively increased, with a negative correlation with serum albumin concentration. AT III did not differ between the control group and the proteinuric patients with or without NS. Factors II and X were in the normal range for all patients. Factor VII was increased even in mild NS. Thus, the plasma levels of protein C and protein S antigens were normal or increased in patients with NS and this is probably related to an increased liver synthesis rate of these proteins, which is secondary to proteinuria.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Potentials for studying aldosterone by using the Adrenoprobe (a preliminary report)].

A preliminary communication is presented about the results, obtained from aldosterone determination via the Adrenoprobe. The method is stressed to deserve attention since it is rapid, easy to perform and the results are obtained immediately after the investigation. On the other hand, the discrepancies between the results in some patients, obtained radioimmunologically and via the Adrenoprobe, revealed that further parallel investigations would be necessary (in order to obtain more data on the accuracy of aldosterone determination via the Adrenoprobe.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Drug sensitivity of urinary microflora and the effect of treatment in exacerbated chronic pyelonephritis].

A total of 226 patients with exacerbated chronic pyelonephritis were studied and the effect of 10-day antibacterial course--followed up. In 178 cases the treatment was consistent with the drug susceptibility of urine microflora and in 48, it was carried out in the absence of such susceptibility. The susceptible strains were affected in a considerably higher percentage (64.60) than the nonsusceptible (41.67). The chronic renal insufficiency (ChRI) has been a factor restricting the effectiveness of the antibacterial agents. Out of III affected patients 24 (21.62%) were with ChRI, whereas they were 38 (46.34%) from not-affected ones. It has been concluded that the treatment of chronic exacerbated pyelonephritis should individually be carried out with a dynamic microbiological control.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Comparative clinical x-ray, radioisotope nephrographic and ultrasonic studies of chronic pyelonephritis patients].

The authors compare the incidence of the changes established by X-ray, radioisotope-nephrographic and ultrasound studies on 115 patients with chronic pyelonephritis. Most frequent and most characteristic are the changes with venous urography. Though not specific, the changes in the isotope-nephrogram and ultrasound contribute to the establishment of functional and structural disturbances in chronic pyelonephritis. They have no contraindications for application, hence they are of high value in the presence of chronic renal insufficiency, where venous urographic is not effective. The ultrasound study has indisputable advantages in establishing the X-ray negative calculi, renal cysts and a functioning kidney.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Erythrocyte enzymes in chronic kidney failure].

Forty four patients with various degrees of chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) were studied. The activity of both dehydrogenases and pentosephosphate pathway (PPhP) in erythrocyte--glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD), as well as the activity of the main generating ATP-enzyme of glycolysis--pyruvate kinase (PK) was studied. The activity of the erythrocyte enzymes studied grows with the intensification of renal insufficiency, particularly manifested in G6PD and PK.

Adult↗