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Biomedical subjects

R Rodríguez

Publications and source records attributed to R Rodríguez.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Idiopathic mitral subvalvular aneurysm. Report of a case and review of the literature].

An unusual type of annular, subvalvular left ventricular aneurysm is described for the first time in a 64 years-old mexican woman. The pathological characteristics are similar to those cardiac aneurysms of unknown etiology described in African negroes. In this paper, we review the clinical features, diagnostic difficulties and discuss possible etiologic factors related to this condition.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Adverse reactions to contrast media for intravenous use. A comparison between ionic and nonionic media].

The purpose of this study was to show that the nonionic contrast media of low osmolarity are better tolerated than ionic media of high osmolarity, which to date are most frequently used in the authors hospital. We found that adverse reaction occurred in 80% of the group in which nonionic contrast medium was used. The authors conclude that nonionic, low osmolarity contrast media significantly reduce the frequency of adverse reactions and increase their safe use.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Headache following dural puncture in pregnant patients at term. Comparative study with non-obstetric patients].

OBJECTIVES: To compare the incidence of postdural puncture headache after subarachnoid anesthesia with a 24G Sprotte needle among full-term obstetric patients as compared to non-obstetric patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 200 patients were studied prospectively, divided into 2 groups. Group 1 (n = 100) patients were delivered by cesarean section and group 2 (n = 100) patients underwent infraumbilical or traumatological surgery. All were ASA I-II and under 40 years of age. Hydration was accomplished with lactated Ringer's solution 400-1,000 ml before mid-line puncture. The anesthetic used in both groups was isobaric bupivacaine 0.5% with a vasoconstrictor. The incidence of arterial hypotension and accompanying symptoms was recorded; perioperative administration of vasoactive amines and anticholinergics and liquids administered was measured. Twenty-four to 48 hours later the patients were asked when they started walking and if postdural puncture headache was experienced. RESULTS: Group 1 received smaller doses of bupivacaine (p < 0.05) and the incidence of arterial hypotension was greater (p < 0.01) and required increased administration of amines (p < 0.01) and perioperative fluid therapy (p < 0.001). No difference was found between the two groups either for time of start of ambulation or for incidence of headache, which was 1% in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of postdural puncture headache in obstetric patients is low and similar to that of non-obstetric patients when the 24G Sprotte needle is used.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pre-transplantation evaluation with echo-Doppler of the receptor's vascular risk factors].

A total of 51 potential recipients of a renal transplant (RT) have been evaluated with an Eco-Doppler study of the posterior femoral, popliteal and posterior tibial corteries. Acceleration (AC), mean rate (MR), maximum systolic rate (MXSR) and minimal diastolic rate (MNDR), as well as pulsatility (PI) and resistance index (RI) were measured. Arterial high blood pressure (HBP), smoking, time in haemodialysis (HD) and cholesterol and triglycerides levels, were evaluated as vascular risk factors. RI and PI were maximal, and MXSR, MR and AC minimal at the popliteal artery level. Smoking (number of cigarettes/day) (R = 0.77), systolic blood pressure (BP) (R = 0.43), time of HBP evolution (R = 0.044), cholesterol level (R = 0.43) and time in HD (R = 0.35) correlate with Eco-Doppler parameters. Fifteen of these 51 patients underwent transplantation, and increased RR and PR with decreased MR and MXSR were seen post-RT in the ipsilateral popliteal and posterior tibial arteries. Eco-Doppler is a useful technique to evaluate the vascular risk of potential RT recipients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Blind bifid ureter associated with duplicity and contralateral vesicoureteral reflux].

We report on a pediatric patient who was evaluated for recurrent episodes of urinary tract infection. Evaluation by IVP, cystography and retrograde ureteropyelography revealed a complete ureteral duplicity, grade II vesicoureteral reflux in the lower half of the left kidney and a blind bifid ureter arising at the distal third of the right ureter. This is an uncommon condition (about 150 cases have been reported) difficult to diagnose if undetected by conventional radiological evaluation and retrograde ureteropyelography may be required. It may be associated with urological or other types of malformations. It is generally asymptomatic and with scant consequences, thus treatment is initially conservative. Surgical excision of the blind bifid ureter is warranted only when complications present. In the present case, prophylactic antibiotic therapy was instituted. At one year follow up, the patient is asymptomatic and urine cultures are negative.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Postoperative mental confusion in the elderly with hip fracture. Perioperative risk factors].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of postoperative mental confusion and perioperative risk factors in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective study of patients 65 years of age or older undergoing surgery for hip fracture with intradural anesthesia between March 1992 and August 1993. Although the total number of cases came to 162, only 50 patients were enrolled in the study: the rest were excluded mainly because of mental deficits presenting before surgery. Folstein's Mini-Mental State test was used to assess mental function. Risk factors analyzed were classified as preoperative, intraoperative (in the operating room and the recovery room) or postoperative (hospital ward). RESULTS: Eleven (22%) patients showed signs of postoperative mental confusion. Simple analysis revealed a correlation between mental confusion and ASA (p = 0.01), neuropsychiatric history (p = 0.03) and preoperative hemoglobulin, red blood cell and urea nitrogen levels (p = 0.02). Multifactorial discriminant analysis indicated that patients with low red cell counts before surgery, high urea nitrogen and neuropsychiatric histories were more predisposed (p = 0.004) to mental confusion. CONCLUSIONS: A high incidence of postoperative mental confusion is associated to pre-surgical factors. We therefore suggest that greater preventive and therapeutic efforts be directed preferably to preparation before surgery, especially in patients at high risk.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Freeman-Sheldon syndrome: generalized muscular rigidity after anesthetic induction].

We describe a case of generalized muscle rigidity in a 2-year-old patient with Freeman-Sheldon syndrome undergoing surgery for eventration of the diaphragm after anesthetic induction with halothane and succinylcholine. Anesthetic induction was by mask with oxygen, nitrous oxide and halothane, with succinylcholine as a muscle relaxant. Approximately 10 minutes after start of induction, muscular rigidity appeared and developed rapidly, becoming severe and compromising ventilation. Tracheal intubation was attempted without success, owing to stiffness of the masseter muscles. Sodium dantrolene 2.5 mg/kg was administered and relaxation was achieved immediately for both masseter and peripheral muscles, such that the patient recovered spontaneous breathing. We conclude that there is risk of association between Freeman-Sheldon syndrome and malignant hyperthermia.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗