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Biomedical subjects

R Roth

Publications and source records attributed to R Roth.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Risk profile and macroangiopathy in type II diabetics in medical practice].

The risk profile and the macro-vascular complications of patients with type II diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) was investigated in general practice patients for the first time in the FRG. It was the aim of the study to evaluate the efficacy of the therapy and possible improvements after detailed instructions in a random sample of well defined NIDDM in the greater Munich area. 290 NIDDM (187 female, 103 male) out of a total of 1500 patients treated by 22 general practitioners were randomly recruited for the study. First results indicated an excess morbidity of the NIDDM, e.g. 43.5% with HbA1c greater than 8%, hypertension in 73.8%, hypertriglyceridemia in 75%, hypercholesterolemia in 36.3% adipositas in 78%, and a micro/macro-albuminuria in 44.5%. A similar risk profile could be determined in cases with recently diagnosed NIDDM. The remarkable risk profile documents itself in the incidence of macro-vascular complications: 40.8% of the male and 43.2% of the female showed a peripheral arterial disease (pAVD), in 8% of all patients a carotid artery stenoses could be detected by means of doppler ultrasound technique; 46.6% of the male and 59.3% of the female patients showed symptoms of CHD. With the exception of the incidence of CHD in patients less than 64 years the duration of NIDDM had no influence on the macro-vascular complications as demonstrated in previous studies. The age however always had a significant influence on all three vascular regions examined. Albuminuria correlated as such with a number of risk factors showed a significant correlation with the incidence of pAVD and occurred more often in males with carotid artery stenoses. Other correlations established were: Hypercholesterolemia and FVIII ass. Ag respectively, and the incidence of carotid artery stenoses; blood pressure, F VIII ass. Ag and pAVD. In the female a negative correlation could be seen between the pAVD and the HDL-level. In patients with CHD sex specific correlations could be determined to blood pressure, HbA1c, c-peptide and triglyceride levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Laryngotracheal involvement in epidermolysis bullosa.

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a rare hereditary skin disease of infancy that can involve the mucous membranes of the oral cavity. Laryngotracheal involvement is rare. The disease is characterized by bullae formation in response to minor trauma. There are at least 18 described types of EB, however, there are 3 basic categories. These are simplex (with disruption above the basement membrane), dystrophic (in which disruption is below the basement membrane), and junctional (in which the split is within the lamina lucida). The prognosis of the different types ranges from early death usually secondary to overwhelming sepsis, to long term survivals with lack of growth retardation or significant dystrophic scarring. Presently, survival appears to be the only reliable criteria for distinguishing the benign and lethal forms of EB. Airway obstruction secondary to laryngotracheal involvement should be considered in any child with epidermolysis bullosa presented with symptoms of respiratory distress. Because there are few predictive prognostic indicators in the neonatal period, tracheotomy should be considered early in an effort to prevent further laryngeal injury from intubation, in those patients that will survive.

Epidermolysis Bullosa↗
PubMed1989

[Intracavitary high-dose-rate-afterloading-radiotherapy in the esophagus of the pig].

The tolerance of sound esophageal mucosa to intracavitary high dose rate afterloading contact therapy with unique doses of 6 Gy and 12 Gy, respectively, was investigated in 15 pigs. Whereas no macroscopic or microscopic alterations of the mucosa are found after 6 Gy, a unique application of 12 Gy produces most severe side effects such as vascular occlusion due to fibrosis of the intima, formation of fistulas, and perforations of the esophagus wall. Future investigations will have to aim at the elaboration of schemes for dosage and fractionation.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

A prospective study of the incidence of urinary incontinence in an acute care teaching hospital and its implications on future service development.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the incidence of urinary incontinence and indwelling catheter use. METHOD: A prospective study of 627 consecutive admissions to an acute care teaching hospital over a 4-week period. RESULTS: At least one episode of urinary incontinence was experienced by 145 patients (23.4 per cent of all admissions) with 28 per cent of these having urinary incontinence lasting more than 10 days. Patients with urinary incontinence had a significantly greater age, mean length of stay and overall mortality compared with the total hospital inpatient population. During this survey, 7 per cent of all inpatients suffered from at least one episode of faecal incontinence, with the mean duration of faecal incontinence being 5.4 days. The major discriminating findings were from the data of patients with urinary incontinence for longer than 10 days. These patients had a longer length of stay (47 days compared with 17 days for patients with urinary incontinence 10 days) and poorer outcome (28 per cent went to nursing homes and 50% returned home compared with 7 per cent and 81 per cent respectively for pts with incontinence less than 10 days). Patients on medical wards and those with confusion or poor mobility fared disproportionately worse. After 10 days of incontinence, only 59 per cent of these patients had a rectal examination; and 90 per cent a urine specimen for culture. The interpretation and implication of these findings will be discussed particularly as it related to future planning for continence services and the development of clinical nurses with knowledge of urinary incontinence.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Use of a monoclonal antibody (VM-2) plus the immunogold-silver technique to stain basal cell carcinoma cells.

A newly described murine monoclonal antibody, VM-2, stains both basal cell carcinoma cells and squamous cell carcinoma cells of the skin. We have combined this monoclonal antibody with a newly described technique, the immunogold-silver stain, to produce a method for rapid characterization of basal cell carcinoma cells. This method does not require the use of a fluorescence microscope and gives a very intense stain of the tumor cells. Tumor-containing tissue from 12 patients was stained and included 2 cases of morphealike basal cell carcinoma. All the tumors stained with VM-2 gold. Thus, staining with this technique may be helpful in diagnosing tumors of epithelial origin and may also find application in delineating residual tumor cells in microscopically controlled excision.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Intussusception: a supplement to the mnemonic for coma.

Expected clinical manifestations of intussusception include paroxysmal abdominal pain, vomiting, abdominal mass, and with time, rectal bleeding. We report a case where lethargy and vomiting are the presenting complaints. Diagnostic delay was encountered for this infant who had altered sensorium without accompanying pain, melena, or mass on initial examination. Either plain radiographs, supplemented by ultrasonography of the abdomen, or a barium enema should be performed in infants with unexplained lethargy.

Coma↗
PubMed1987

HMO contracting: know your costs.

HMO contracting requires a detailed knowledge of patient costs. We addressed the need for sophisticated cost accounting and patient information systems as it pertains to HMO contracting. Agencies cannot afford to overlook the global applications of such systems. The ability of an agency to make informed and competitive financial decisions in any price-based payment environment is critical. A system that can accurately identify and assist with forecasting costs will be a valuable asset for an agency as it moves toward the price-based payment environment of the future.

Contract Services↗
PubMed1986

[Behavioral medicine aspects of juvenile diabetes].

Childhood or insulin-dependent diabetes is a life-long illness, placing complex and daily demands on the patient and the family. Some studies were carried out in order to investigate the relationship between health status, behavioral and psychological variables. The Hemoglobin A1 was used to index glycemic control. A newly developed diabetes knowledge test and a questionnaire on diabetic related beliefs were administered. The results indicate that diabetic control improves with age. General knowledge of diabetes increases with age, but relates not to diabetic control. But considering age and the particular subtests of knowledge as predictors 59.44% of the variance in diabetic control can be estimated. Perceived barriers to implementing self-care and feelings of disruptiveness culminate in the age of 12 to 13 years. Feelings of stigmatization and the affection by the disease loose weight as disturbing factors with increasing age and knowledge. Increased attention to the child's cognitive developmental level is suggested and methods for improving the effectiveness of patient intervention programs are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Neurocysticercosis. Diagnostic and therapeutic advances].

A 42-year-old man of Croatian birth, with long-standing neurological symptoms, was found to have neurocysticercosis (a rare disease in Central Europe), as proven by positive antibody titres in serum and CSF and typical foci by computed tomography (CT). Ventriculo-cisternal drainage (after Torkildsen) controlled the acute symptoms of raised intracranial pressure. Postoperatively the CT revealed new low-density intracerebral foci, which responded to praziquantel.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Thiopyronine and 8-methoxypsoralen sensitized photodynamic effect on DNA synthesis in yeast.

The synthesis of DNA in growing yeast cells was investigated after photodynamic treatment of the cells with thiopyronine (TP) and visible light or with 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and UVA light. DNA synthesis was inhibited after photodynamic treatment with 8-MOP but not after photodynamic treatment with TP. This result is further evidence that the photodynamic effect with TP does not attack nuclear DNA in eucaryotic cells.

DNA, Fungal↗