PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Roudaut

Publications and source records attributed to R Roudaut.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

The contribution of bidimensional echocardiography in the diagnosis of cardiac tumours. Based on 25 observed cases.

This paper reviews 25 intracardiac tumours (12 myxomas and 13 thrombi) studied by T.M. echography, bidimensional (2-D) echography and cineangiography during a two year period. In addition, five cardiac tumours (two myxomas, three thrombi) were studied by echography alone, and correctly diagnosed. T.M. echography gives false negative results, whereas both 2-D echo and cineangiography give reliable diagnosis. However, 2-D echo should be the procedure of choice as it is non-invasive, and may be used on patients with equivocal symptoms. Since bidimensional echography has become available during the past two years, 12 myxomas have been correctly diagnosed, compared to 14 found during the previous 13 years.

Cineangiography↗
PubMed1980

[Two dimensional echocardiography. Its main clinical applications (author's transl)].

The authors, who have experience of more than 1500 bidimensional echocardiographic recordings, underline the rapidity, safety and value of the method in cardiovascular disorders. The two-dimension echo provides better evaluation of the mitral area, right cavities and tricuspid valves. It is very sensitive in detecting mitral valve prolapse, pericardial effusion, intracavitary tumours and dissecting aneurysms and permits a detailed study of abnormal segmental contractions in ischaemic heart disease. Spatial and dynamic visualization coupled, if required, with contrast echocardiography is also of considerable help for the diagnosis of congenital cardiopathies.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1980

Alternate ventriculoatrial Wenckebach conduction.

Three cases are presented showing retrograde alternate Wenckebach periods. Retrograde alternate Wenckebach periods were defined as 2:1 ventriculoatrial (VA) block in which the conducted beats showed progressive prolongation of conduction (VA) time. The sequence terminates with two or three successively blocked ventricular beats. In one of the three cases the level of block was identified as being in the atrioventricular (AV) node. In the other two the level of block could not be clearly identified. This report provides further evidence for the concept of multilevel block within the AV node. Retrograde alternate Wenckebach periods may explain some instances of variation of atrial depolarization intervals during episodes of ventricular tachycardia and may be clinically significant.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Changes in left ventricular filling in obstructive cardiomyopathies during long term beta blockade].

Left ventricular filling was studied by echocardiography and cineangiography in 37 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with obstruction before and during long-term oral beta blockade (166 +/- 61 mg propranolol for 15.6 +/- 21 months on average) in order to determine the mechanism of symptomatic improvement in these patients. This study confirmed that clinical improvement is related to a great degree to the improvement in the parameters of left ventricular filling. In addition, two groups of patients may be identified: the "reactors", that is to say the patients who remained or became asymptomatic, characterised by a significant improvement in the indices of left ventricular filling (maximum filling velocity p < 0.01, duration of rapid filling p < 0.05, left ventricular compliance--volumic kGaasch p < 0.001, parietal ks Mirsky p < 0.01). The "non-reactors" were characterised by very poor indices of left ventricular filling. These abnormalities are principally related to severe and irreversible changes in left ventricular and mitral valve morphology.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1980

[Atrial myxoma. Changes in clinical and paraclinical data. Apropos of 17 cases].

The clinical data and presenting signs of 17 cases of atrial myxoma (14 left atrial, 3 right atrial myxomas) were analysed. The aim of the study was to assess changes in the presenting features since the introduction of non-invasive methods of cardiovascular investigation. Two groups of patients were identified according to whether the tumour has been diagnosed before (Group A) or after (Group B) the advent of echocardiography. The diagnosis of cardiac tumour, especially myxoma, has become easier with echocardiography and radio-isotope techniques. The presentation of myxoma, recognised earlier, has changed; the features of advanced valvular disease with resistant heart failure are no longer seen. Variable, atypical clinical signs are now encountered (syncope, pyrexia of uknknown origin, transient ischaemic attacks). The average delay between the first sign and diagnosis was 30 +/- 32 months in Group A, compared to 4,6 +/- 6,5 months in Group B (p < 0, 005). Of the 7 patients in Group B, three had normal cardiac auscultation, and normal ECG, and four had normal ESRs. The diagnosis of myxoma should be considered at the least doubt and an echocardiographic examination, preferably with 2-dimensional echo should be requested. It not only allows positive diagnosis but also orientates the patient to surgery without further investigation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Comparison of mono and bidimensional echocardiography in the diagnosis of atrial myxoma].

The diagnosis of atrial myxoma, the most common cardiac tumour, has been greatly facilitated by the introduction of echocardiography. The principal echocardiographic features and the diagnostic pitfalls encountered in a personal series of 7 atrial myxomas (5 left and 2 right) studied by M mode and 2-dimensional echocardiography are reported. In M mode, left atrial myxoma is a relatively easy diagnosis when the tumour prolapses into the mitral orifice. On standard mitro-aortic scanning, it is recorded behind the anterior mitral leaflet as a mass of abnormal echos appearing shortly after mitral valve opening. The diagnosis is much more difficult or even impossible in nonprolapsing tumours. Right atrial myxomas, prolapsing into the tricuspid orifice, do not usually pose any diagnotic problems. 2-dimensional echocardiography shows its superiority in the early diagnosis of small, localised, relatively immobile and non-prolapsing tumours. The parasternal (long axis and transverse views), the apical (4 and 2 chamber views) and subxiphoid positions were the most useful incidences and the tumour was visualised as a more or less circumscribed mass of echos. In all cases, 2-dimensional echo provided information on the size, mobility, insertion and the length of the pedicle of the tumour. Atrial myxoma is being recognised more easily and more often nowadays by echocardiography, the diagnostic method of choice, and 2-dimensional studies should be preferred.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Intravenous trinitroglycerin in the treatment of pre-infarction syndrome. Preliminary results (author's transl)].

Intravenous trinitroglycerine (IV TNT) was used in 17 patients with myocardial pre-infarction syndrome defined by the presence of prolonged spontaneous attacks of attacks of angina, with electrocardiographic changes, persisting despite medical treatment with beta-blockers and oral nitrite derivatives. Seven patients had chronic angina, 7 had angina of recent onset and 3 patients had early post-infarction angina. IV TNT was used for 3 to 11 days at a mean dose of 40 micrograms/mn in 11 patients and 8 micrograms/mn in 6 patients. In the latter, cardiac output and pulmonary pressures were measured. IV TNT made it possible to decrease or stop angina attacks in all the patients except one. There was no significant variation in heart rate and mean blood pressure fell by 8 mmHg (p < 0.001). Cardiac index was maintained despite a fall in capillary pressure of 4.1 mmHg (p < 0.01). Coronary arteriography was performed in 16 cases, with circulatory assistance in 4 patients. Thirteen patients were treated by surgical revascularisation, with two operative deaths. IV TNT appeared to be effective and well tolerated treatment in these particularly severe forms of unstable angina.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Values in normotensive patients and suggestions for interpretation.

We performed 24 hours ambulatory blood pressure monitoring with non invasive devices in 233 normotensive patients during a workday. Their age ranged from 21 to 74 years (mean +/- standard deviation = 39 +/- 11, 37% females). These patients were mainly recruited on their workplace. Blood pressure monitoring was proposed to all volunteers without any history of hypertension, independently of the casual blood pressure measured by a doctor after 10 minutes sitting, just before monitoring. Patients were asked to note precisely their bedtime and the moment of getting up and to start a blood pressure measurement as getting up. This measure was used as the starting point of the 24 hours blood pressure curve for each patient. Pooling all patients in that way shows an important rise of blood pressure as standing up but no significant variation before. So we calculated the average blood pressure during the true time of activity and of bedrest for each block of 10 years from 20 to 60 years, separately for men and women. These values may be used as a guide when interpreting 24 hours blood pressure recordings.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The coronary hypertensive: therapeutic principles].

Since arterial hypertension is one the main risk factors of coronary atherosclerosis, the association hypertension-coronary disease is a frequent one. Moreover, arterial hypertension aggravates the coronary disease and this association is therefore of very poor prognosis. However, this prognosis seems to improve with early and adapted treatment based largely at this time on beta-blockers and calcium inhibitors.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗