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Biomedical subjects

R S Edwards

Publications and source records attributed to R S Edwards.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Ophthalmic emergencies in a district general hospital casualty department.

A survey of ophthalmic emergencies attending the casualty department of a district general hospital over a 12-month period is presented. The total number of new casualty attendances was 30,649 of which 1870 (6.1%) presented with an ophthalmic problem. There was a 3 to 1 male to female preponderance and a peak age of presentation between 20 and 30 years. The main aetiological factors were trauma 65.6% and inflammation 21.7%. Of the trauma patients 80% had sustained minor trauma (abrasions or foreign material to the cornea or conjunctiva) and of the patients with inflammation 71% had either conjunctivitis or blepharitis. There was a trend towards increased numbers in the summer months. The percentage of patients with inflammatory disease was higher in the early summer and the winter months. Nine of the 11 patients with acute angle closure glaucoma presented between November and February. All patients were initially seen by the accident and emergency medical staff, who were able to treat 69% without further consultation. No serious pathology was overlooked. It is suggested that, in the district general hospital setting, co-operation between the eye and the accident and emergency departments can be to their mutual benefit.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Retinal detachment in retinitis pigmentosa.

Three cases of retinal detachment occurring in patients with retinitis pigmentosa are presented and three previously reported cases reviewed. All the detachments were rhegmatogenous. One patient had a horseshoe tear, one had oral bay tears, two had dialyses, one a giant tear and in one case the break was not specified. Three patients were high myopes. All the patients were young males. The five operable cases all responded satisfactorily to conventional surgery. Histologically apparent adhesions between retinal pigment epithelium and neuroretina have been described in advanced cases of retinitis pigmentosa in older patients and may not be present in younger patients with less advanced disease. Until these adhesions occur patients with retinitis pigmentosa may have no additional protection against retinal detachment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Behaviour of the fellow eye in acute angle-closure glaucoma.

A retrospective study of 245 fellow eyes of patients admitted in primary acute angle-closure glaucoma (ACG) is presented. Twenty-five (10.2%) had acute ACG in the fellow eye on presentation. Of the remaining 220, 33 (15%) subsequently developed acute ACG before prophylactic surgery was performed. Possible predisposing factors were analysed. The main findings were that acute ACG in the fellow eye occurred most frequently in hospital, or during the first month after discharge if prophylactic surgery was not performed. The instillation of mydriatics in the operated eye increased the risk to the fellow eye. Pilocarpine and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors confer the best protection on the fellow eye, but no medical regimen entirely prevented an attack of acute ACG in the fellow eye.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Perceptual load in searching for sloping colored lines camouflaged by colored backgrounds: a separate-groups investigation.

Altogether 168 men searched briefly for colored sloping lines embedded in a background of random color. Using a separate-groups experimental design, search for six kinds of target was found to be less effective after practice than search for a single kind of target. Reducing the number of colors of targets from three to one was considerably more beneficial than reducing the number of main directions of slope from two to one. Reducing the number of kinds of target without reducing the number of relevant stimulus values was also found to improve the effectiveness of search, but search was even more effective when the number of relevant stimulus colors was reduced. The results can be predicted from the total number of selection operations required. However, a more precise fit needs to reflect the considerably greater difficulty of searching for a number of directions of slope. When targets were poorly camouflaged, search was equally effective whether there were four colors or only a single color of target to search for.

Adolescent↗