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R S Hoda

Publications and source records attributed to R S Hoda.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Are microinvasion and micrometastasis in breast cancer mountains or molehills?

BACKGROUND: The increased rate of early detection of breast cancer due to widespread mammographic screening has led to an increased incidence of in situ as well as microinvasive carcinoma. The enhanced pathological examination to which sentinel lymph nodes are subjected has led to an increased rate of detection of micrometastatic carcinoma. Despite the augmented rate of diagnoses of both diseases, the pathological diagnoses as well as clinical management of these entities continue to be controversial. DATA SOURCES: A computerized literature search was performed on the Medline and PubMed database from 1990 to date. Relevant earlier publications were also perused. The database of the Department of Pathology at New York Presbyterian Hospital-Well Medical College of Cornell University were also accessed. CONCLUSIONS: Based on cumulative data, patients diagnosed with either microinvasive or micrometastatic carcinoma of breast have a relatively favorable, albeit guarded, prognosis. Treatment recommendations for both of these disease entities continue to be controversial, and may remain so until additional refined clinicopathological data becomes available.

Axilla↗
PubMed2000

Diagnostic utility of the monoclonal antibody A103 in fine-needle aspiration biopsies of the adrenal.

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of the adrenal is a useful modality for the evaluation of primary and metastatic neoplasms. Until now, however, few reliable markers existed for the positive identification of adrenal cortical cells. Originally studied as a melanoma marker, Melan-A, as detected by the murine monoclonal antibody, A103, has gained recent attention as a marker for steroid-producing cells. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cell blocks from 24 adrenal FNA specimens were stained for cytokeratins (AE1/AE3) and Melan-A (A103). Seven of 8 cases containing normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic adrenal cortical cells were positive for A103. Among 16 cases of metastatic carcinoma, tumor cells in 14 samples were positive for cytokeratins but negative for A103. The A103 monoclonal antibody is a sensitive marker for the identification of normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic adrenal cortical cells in cell blocks of adrenal FNA specimens. With the exception of melanoma, A103 reactivity is restricted to adrenal cortical and other steroid-producing cells. A103 should be used routinely for the evaluation of FNA specimens of adrenal mass lesions.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1999

Cytologic diagnosis of metastatic ovarian adenocarcinoma in the urinary bladder: a case report and review of the literature.

A 53-yr-old woman with a 13-mo history of recurrent ovarian papillary serous adenocarcinoma presented with persistent microscopic hematuria. The patient was undergoing chemotherapy for her recurrent ovarian tumor when she was referred to the urology service for microscopic hematuria. An intravenous pyelogram was normal. Cystoscopy was performed, as well as a urinary bladder washing and mucosal biopsies for examination. Adenocarcinoma similar to the patient's primary ovarian tumor was detected in both cytology and histopathology specimens. Ovarian carcinoma comprises 1.3-4.0% of all metastatic neoplasms to the urinary bladder and is an important consideration in the differential diagnosis of a cytologic finding of adenocarcinoma in urine specimens of female patients, where it accounts for an even higher percentage of cases (1 of 3 adenocarcinoma diagnoses in a series of 4,677 urine specimens from female patients).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

Microinvasive carcinoma of the breast: can it be diagnosed reliably and is it clinically significant?

Deciding whether in-situ breast carcinoma is associated with microinvasion is a common problem. Histological features resembling invasion can be simulated by in-situ carcinoma distorted by inflammatory and reparative changes. Having expended the effort to diagnose genuine microinvasion, just how useful is this diagnosis in planning further treatment and follow-up? In the following articles, Hoda et al. comment on the utility of immunohistochemistry in resolving uncertainty about the presence of microinvasion, and Ellis et al. critically appraise the definition of microinvasion and its clinical significance.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1998

Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of esophagus with signet-ring cell features arising in Barrett's esophagus: a case report.

We report a rarely documented case of adenocarcinoma of esophagus with signet-ring cell features arising in a Barrett's esophagus. This was diagnosed by employing combined endosonography and fine-needle aspiration cytology. The patient had progressive dysphagia and a poorly circumscribed mass involving the distal esophagus and gastroesophageal junction. An incisional biopsy was performed which showed Barrett's esophagus with highly atypical glands suspicious for adenocarcinoma. Following that, an ultrasound-guided endoscopic fine-needle aspiration revealed a cellular specimen with multiple groups and singly dispersed atypical glandular cells with a predominance of signet-rings features. These findings represented an adenocarcinoma with signet-ring cell features arise in Barrett's esophagus.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

Metastatic squamous-cell carcinoma in pericardial effusion: report of four cases, two with cardiac tamponade.

For reasons unknown, metastatic squamous-cell carcinoma is a rare cause of pleural effusions and is even less common in pericardial effusions. A review of all pericardial effusions examined in the Cytology Service at Montefiore Medical Center over a 15-year (1980-1994) period was undertaken (N = 251). Four cases with metastatic squamous-cell carcinoma were identified among 39 malignant effusions. Two patients with metastatic squamous-cell carcinoma presented with cardiac tamponade, and the other two cases had progressive cardiac failure. The diagnostic cells on cytology evaluation were scant in all four cases but exhibited classical features of metastatic squamous carcinoma, such as cytoplasmic keratinization, intercellular bridges, and occasional "pearl" formation. Pericardial biopsies available in three patients, two with cardiac failure and one with cardiac tamponade, were negative. In all four cases the primary tumor was a bronchogenic carcinoma. Metastatic squamous-cell carcinoma is an uncommon cause of pericardial effusion and usually indicates the presence of a bronchogenic carcinoma with a rapidly fatal outcome. Cytologic examination of pericardial fluid is essential in the evaluation of such patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Soft-tissue perineurioma. Evidence for an abnormality of chromosome 22, criteria for diagnosis, and review of the literature.

Reported herein are two examples of soft-tissue perineurioma (STP), one arising in the maxillary sinus and the other in subcutaneous tissue of the thigh. Electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry were performed in both cases. Based on our findings and a critical review of the literature, STPs are generally small, well-circumscribed but not encapsulated tumors. Histologically, most STPs resemble fibroblastic tumors, being composed of elongated, wavy cells. The immunohistochemical reactivity for epithelial membrane antigen, the lack of reactivity for S-100 protein, and the presence of ultrastructural features of perineurial cells are typical of this tumor. To explore the possibility that STP, like the intraneural variety of perineurioma, exhibits an abnormality of chromosome 22, we performed fluorescence in situ hybridization with a probe specific for the M-bcr locus, which maps to the chromosome band 22q11. In both our tumors, a high percentage of nuclei having only one M-bcr signal (44 and 96%) was observed. Our findings indicated deletion of part or all of chromosome 22 and support the view that both soft-tissue and intraneural perineurioma are part of a spectrum of perineurial neoplasia.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1996

Automated sputum screening with PAPNET system: a study of 122 cases.

The use of interactive, computerized PAPNET system (Neuromedical Systems, Inc, Suffern, NY) for screening of cervicovaginal smears has been favorably evaluated in several studies. In this article, the authors report on the performance of this apparatus on smears of sputum. One hundred twenty-two randomly selected, single slides of sputum specimens from an equal number of patients were subjected to PAPNET scanning. These Papanicolaou-stained slides were previously classified as inadequate, six; negative, 81; atypical, three; suspicious, one; and positive for malignant cells, 31. Images selected by PAPNET were reviewed by two observers, who were blinded to earlier interpretation and triaged into two categories: negative and review. Of the 31 smears with cancer cells, 30 were appropriately identified by PAPNET (sensitivity: 97.1%). The only case missed by PAPNET was that of small cell carcinoma that contained a single cluster of neoplastic cells. PAPNET also triggered the review of 20 of the "negative" cases, which on re-evaluation were identified as bronchial cells with squamous metaplasia and altered benign squamous cells of inflammatory type. A prospective study of PAPNET for screening of sputum samples is needed to establish the clinical value of this methodology.

Cytodiagnosis↗