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Biomedical subjects

R S Katz

Publications and source records attributed to R S Katz.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Personality trait correlates of attitudes toward older people.

The objective of this study is to determine whether personality is related to attitudes toward older people. To address this question, a sample of 228 students and gerontology practitioners completed the Aging Opinion Survey, the Cattell 16 Personality Factors Test, and a demographic questionnaire. When the influence of age, sex, education, and social desirability are controlled, a constellation of personality traits remains significantly related to attitudes toward older people. Specific trait-attitude correlations are described, and traits related to positive attitudes toward older people are shown to fit within three personality groupings: low anxiety traits, sensitive-intuition traits, and intellectual ability. These traits combined with demographic variables account for up to 30 percent of the variance in attitudes toward older people. The results of this study indicate that personality traits are clearly related to attitudes toward older people.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The pseudothrombophlebitis syndrome.

Sixty-two patients with popliteal or calf synovial cysts defined by arthrography are presented, of whom 34 had the pseudothrombophlebitis (PTP) syndrome. While the clinical manifestations of PTP may closely mimic thrombophlebitis, including the presence of calf pain, swelling and warmth, and a positive Homans' sign, the helpful descriminating features include the presence of inflammatory joint disease (91%), concomitant pain and swelling of the knee (94%), a demonstrable knee effusion (91%) and the absence of deep venous tenderness or cord. Except for seven patients with large intact Baker's cysts, the PTP syndrome was associated with synovial cyst dissection (18 patients), rupture (5 patients), or both (4 patients). Of those with arthrographically demonstrated Baker's cysts, only 27 (44%) had a palpable mass in the popliteal fossa and another 4 (12%) a mass in the calf. Popliteal fossa pain was noted in 22 (35%). Thus, clinical features are far less sensitive than arthrography in the diagnoses of both synovial cysts and pseudothrombophlebitis. Among patients with rheumatoid arthritis there were no differences in the severity or duration of disease or the extra-articular features in patients with and without synovial custs or the PTP syndrome. The therapeutic implications of pseudothrombophlebitis are of major significance with respect to the avoidance of anti-coagulation and the prompt response to intra-articular corticosteroids. Possible mechanisms of synovial cyst formation and unusual presentations of synovial cysts are discussed, and the literature is reviewed.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1975

Methionine toxicity in the chick: nutritional and metabolic implications.

Several assays with young chicks fed crystalline amino acid diets were conducted to investigate the effects of supplemental glycine, serine, threonine, arginine, or adenine on the growth depression resulting from consumption of excess methionine. Glycine was partially effective in alleviating the growth depression caused by excess methionine. The addition of threonine together with glycine improved performance still further. Efficiency of food utilization for weight gain was greater in birds fed the methionine-imbalanced diet supplemented with glycine and threonine than in those fed the control diet. Supplemental glycine, threonine, or adenine, but not arginine, was effective in ameliorating the hypoglycemia resulting from consumption of excess methionine. The rate of oxidation of a tracer dose of threonine was increased markedly by feeding 1.25% excess methionine. This was reflected in a 20% depression in threonine utilization for weight gain as measured by slope ratio. The data suggest that both threonine and glycine are antagonized by consumption of excess methionine.

Adenine↗
PubMed1975

Factors associated with utilization of the calcium salt of methionine hydroxy analogue by the young chick.

Six growth assays were conducted using crystalline amino acid diets to investigate the efficacy of methionine hydroxy analogue (OH-M) as a precursor of sulfur bearing amino acids (SAA). The influence on OH-M utilization of dietary modifications of the methionine-cystine ratio, inorganic sulfate as K2SO4 and supplemental mixtures of the branched-chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine and valine) was explored. Performance of chicks fed OH-M was inferior to those fed an equivalent molar quantity of DL-methionine. Additional dietary sulfate or supplemental mixtures of the branched-chain amino acids did not improve OH-M utilization. OH-M was found to support growth equal to that of 0.35% methionine and 0.35% cystine when fed at a level 25% above the SAA level provided by methionine and cystine. On a weight basis the calcium salt of OH-M has 88.15% OH-M activity. From assays reported herein the calcium salt of OH-M was calculated to have approximately 70% methionine activity.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1975

Efficacy of D-, L- and DL-methionine for growth of chicks fed crystalline amino acid diets.

Four assays employing young male chicks were conducted to evaluate the relative efficacy of D-, L- and DL-methionine and to estimate the requirement for D- and L-methionine when serving as the sole source of sulfur amino acids or when added to a diet containing 0.27% L-cystine. Crystalline amino acid diets containing 14.9% protein equivalent and 4200 kcal. M.E./kg. were used in all assays. L-methionine supported faster and more efficient gains than D- or L-methionine when fed at levels below thhe requirement. At levels of supplementation near the requirement, however, equal efficacy was attained. When serving as the sole source of sulfur amino acids, the requirement as estimated by least squares for optimal gain was 0.58% of the diet or 104 mg./day for L-methionine and 0.59% or 104 mg./day for D-methionine. In the presence of cystine, the requirements were estimated at 0.27% or 49 mg./day and 0.30% or 52 mg./day for L- and D-methionine respectively. The results indicate that at lower levels of supplementation, L-methionine is a better source of sulfur amino acids than D-methionine. On the other hand, L- and D-methionine appear to have equal efficacy when incorporated into diets that are only marginally deficient in sulfur-bearing amino acids.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1975

The circadian rhythm of the intraocular pressure in the New Zealand White rabbit.

Most physiologic functions in man as well as in animals have been shown to have a circadian (approximately 24 hour) rhythm. It has been found in both the normal and glaucomatous human eye that the intraocular pressure, which is one of these circadian functions, varies considerably over a 24-hour period. Because of the extensive use of the rabbit in glaucoma research, a detailed study of the intraocular pressure over a 24-hour period was undertaken. Using hourly applanation tonometry for 25 consecutive measurements in ten New Zealand White rabbits (20 eyes), a circadian rhythm of the rabbit intraocular pressure was found. The pressures were lowest at night and rose to their highest values during the day. In addition, the data suggest that the maximum intraocular pressure may be biphasic with maximum values occurring between 0800 and 1100 and 1600 and 1900. Therefore, studies involving the New Zealand White rabbit must take into consideration these 24-hour pressure changes when intraocular pressure measurements are made.

Animals↗