Patterning of myogenic cells in the early chick limb bud.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R S Reiter.
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It has been previously observed that single chick embryonic limb mesenchymal cells can differentiate into chondrocytes without cell-cell interactions when cultured in collagen or agarose gels. In the present study, limb ectoderm, but not dermis, inhibits chondrogenesis when placed on such collagen gel cultures. The inhibitory influence can be transmitted extensive distances in the gel, even when the ectoderm is placed on a porous filter. Collagen gels, preconditioned with limb ectoderms, are also inhibitory to chondrogenesis. On the other hand, chondrogenesis is less inhibited by ectoderm when the mesenchymal cells are placed in agarose. These results suggest that the antichondrogenic effect of limb ectoderm is mediated through alterations of the collagenous extracellular matrix and support the idea that the extracellular matrix must be considered as an organized, functional unit capable of regulating cell differentiation.
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The process of determination is studied by using a cell culture system derived from dissociated chick embryo limb buds. When limb bud cells obtained from embryos younger than stage 25 (undertermined) are temporarily prevented from passing through the cell cycle (either by maintaining the cells on a petri dish or in the presence of high concentrations of cyclic AMP, both of which depress thymidine-H(3) incorporation), some cells subsequently form cartilage colonies. These results support the hypothesis that a temporary block at some stage in the cell cycle causes mesoblasts to acquire the capacity to differentiate into cartilage cells.
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