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Biomedical subjects

R S Stahl

Publications and source records attributed to R S Stahl.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Analysis of pesticide gas cartridges.

Charcoal and sodium nitrate, the active ingredients in pesticide gas cartridges, are quantified via carbon analysis and ion chromatography, respectively. Linearity was excellent (R(2) > 0.995) over a range consisting of 50-150% of the target concentration for both ingredients. The coefficient of variation for the replicate analyses of gas cartridges over multiple days was <4% for both analytes. Using the results from the analysis of two batches of gas cartridges, theoretical populations were modeled and used to determine practical sampling strategies to support a quality control program for a gas cartridge manufacturing operation. This modeling indicates that the analysis of three cartridges from each of five different lots would produce mean values for both active ingredients that are within 5% of the true mean >99% of the time.

Carcinogens↗
PubMed1996

A system for studying the gas exchange of whole plants at subambient total gas pressures.

A whole-plant gas exchange system that has been designed and constructed to study the feasibility of growing plants at subambient total gas pressures is described. This system will allow for the study of whole-plant gas exchange over the entire life cycle of a plant. The system also will allow for the regulation of atmospheric composition by providing control over the amount of nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide in a chamber atmosphere. The chamber's environmental performance is discussed in relation to selected design requirements. This system is a major technological advance over other systems used to study low-pressure effects on plant growth.

Air Conditioning↗
PubMed1990

Extensive wounds of the spine: a comprehensive approach to debridement and reconstruction.

Extensive wounds involving the spine (greater than three vertebral segments exposed) may threaten its indispensable roles of biomechanical support and vital neurologic function. Although there have been select reports of specific flap applications in this body region in the reconstructive surgical literature, there has been a paucity of comprehensive descriptions of pertinent anatomy, pathophysiology, and the perioperative care of such patients--including the degree to which the spine is suited to aggressive debridement. Four patients with complex spine wounds involving greater than three vertebral segments were treated by the authors from 1986 through 1988. These patients ranged from 28 to 80 years of age. They were all found to have multiple risk factors, including neoplasm (4), severe nutritional depletion (3), advanced age (2), wound sepsis (2), and multiple other general medical problems (4). All patients underwent wide bony and soft-tissue debridement. A new clinically essential four-pillar concept of spinal support predicted spinal instability in two of the four patients. These patients could thus be protected from neurologic compromise with internal stabilization (1) or external orthotic support (1). Wound closure was achieved with skin graft (1) or traditional or extended musculocutaneous flap coverage (3). With 7 to 20 months of follow-up, wound healing has been complete in all patients despite a 100 percent complication rate and one late postoperative death. Multisegment spine wounds tend to arise in the setting of multiple medical problems or risk factors. Despite these risk factors and a high postoperative complication rate, gratifying results may be achieved in these patients with a comprehensive understanding of regional surgical anatomy and a multidisciplinary approach to their care.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Elbow joint salvage with the transverse rectus island flap: a new application.

The transverse rectus island flap has gained wide acceptance in breast reconstruction. We introduce its use in reconstruction of extensive wounds of the elbow region. Three cases are presented. Its principal advantages over other methods are size, pedicle length, reliability, acceptable donor defect, and potential prevention of elbow and shoulder stiffness. Its disadvantages are bulk, weight, and required staged procedures.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed1988

Reconstruction of infant thoracic wounds.

From 1985 through 1987, five of eight infants with thoracic wounds at Yale-New Haven Hospital underwent chest-wall reconstruction. In total, the eight infants underwent 17 procedures (including multiple open resuscitations) exclusive of the reconstructive operations. Patients undergoing reconstruction ranged from 1 to 10 months of age and 3 to 7 kg in weight. All reconstructed patients underwent bilateral pectoralis major advancement flaps, with three of the five patients each requiring the simultaneous use of a rectus abdominis flap. With 2 to 18 months of follow-up, healing was complete in all five of the reconstructed patients, with two prosthetic pulmonary-systemic shunts and two outflow tract patches thus salvaged. These patients were found to be distinct from their adult counterparts, with special critical care requirements and expectedly delicate muscular anatomy. The gratifying results now expected in adults with sternal wound complications can be achieved in their infant counterparts. Furthermore, the group of patients whose chests cannot initially be closed owing to resultant cardiac compression may look to sternocostal debridement and flap reconstruction as a means of not only achieving wound closure, but of effectively increasing their mediastinal volume and compliance. Questions about skeletal development remain unanswered and demand further follow-up.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1986

Costochondritis: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management considerations.

The management of costochondritis of the chest wall is reviewed and four illustrative cases presented. Adequate debridement is the single most important factor to ensure eradication of this disease. Well-vascularized tissue coverage reduces ischemic factors, resists secondary infection by contamination, and promotes rapid healing. The pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, and rectus abdominis muscle flaps are the primary choices for pedicle-flap coverage. Antibiotic coverage was not extended beyond 3 weeks in these cases, and no recurrences have been noted over a 1- to 3-year follow-up.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1985

Congenital posterior choanal atresia.

Although described more than two centuries ago, congenital choanal atresia remains an entity for which optimum treatment is not yet established. In a study of 29 cases of cogenital choanal atresia during a 14-year period, 14 male and 15 female patients were diagnosed, in contrast with the 2:1 female-male ratio usually reported. Thirty-two operative procedures were performed on 16 surgically treated patients in the series. The two classes of surgical treatment, transpalatal and transnasal techniques, were marked by 66% and 73% recurrence rates, respectively, from 2 months to 6.5 years of follow-up. In previous studies, facial growth disturbances have been shown to result from transpalatal resection in the growing child, whereas transnasal techniques have been indicted as a cause of serious neurologic complications. Because no major morbidity resulted from 20 endonasal procedures in this series, early serial endonasal perforation is advocated as a means of establishing and maintaining a patent nasal airway until definitive transnasal repair can be performed when facial growth is more complete.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1984

Choanal atresia.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Female↗
PubMed1984

Advanced applications of revascularized free jejunal flaps for difficult wounds of the head and neck.

The rationale, technique, and an example of full utilization of the jejunomesenteric free flap have been described as a means of reconstructing complex wounds of the head and neck. Not only jejunum, but also well-vascularized mesentery will protect vascular structures and intestinal anastomoses and, in addition, accept a skin graft. No additional muscular or other flaps are necessary to achieve these ends. Finally, no additional donor-site morbidity is incurred by harvesting the supplementary mesentery.

Craniocerebral Trauma↗
PubMed1982

Volvulus of the ascending colon: an unusual complication of non-rotation of the midgut.

A case of non-rotation of the bowel is presented wherein volvulus of the colon occurred causing acute obstruction. Spontaneous reduction following a barium enema as well as the patient's history leads us to suspect that volvulus had occurred in the past and was responsible for the intermittent nature of the patient's symptoms. This type of volvulus is distinctly different from midgut volvulus and is a rare complication of the anomaly of intestinal rotation and fixation known as non-rotation of the bowel. Efforts should be made to study patients with malrotation anomalies at a time when they are acutely symptomatic so that intermittent volvulus such as shown here is not overlooked.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1982

Ultrasonography and hepatobiliary scintigraphy in the assessment of biliary-enteric anastomoses.

Twenty-three patients with surgical diversion of the biliary tract were serially studied with ultrasonography and hepatobiliary scintigraphy using 99mTc-HIDA or 99mTc-disofenin. Refluxed biliary air resulted in nondiagnostic sonograms in 14% of cases. Persistent postoperative dilatation was present in five patients (22%). Scintigraphy allowed differentiation of biliary dilatation with obstruction from nonobstructed dilatation. By coordinating the noninvasive imaging results, those patients requiring study using direct injection of contrast material may be selected.

Adult↗