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Biomedical subjects

R S Wolf

Publications and source records attributed to R S Wolf.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

The post-operative analgesic efficacy and tolerability of lumiracoxib compared with placebo and naproxen after total knee or hip arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND: Lumiracoxib is a novel selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor in development for the treatment of chronic and acute pain. METHODS: This randomized, double-blind multicentre study enrolled 180 patients (aged 18-80 years) with moderate-to-severe pain (>or=2 on a 4-point categorical scale) within 48 h of unilateral total knee or total hip arthroplasty. Patients were randomized to receive lumiracoxib 400 mg once daily (n = 60), placebo (n = 60) or naproxen 500 mg twice daily (n = 60). The study consisted of a 12-h single-dose phase followed by a multiple-dose phase (up to 96 h or until discontinuation). The primary efficacy measure was the summed (time-weighted) pain intensity difference over 0-8 h after the first dose (SPID-8). RESULTS: Lumiracoxib and naproxen were comparable and both treatments were superior to placebo for the primary efficacy measure, SPID-8. Both treatments were generally similar and also superior to placebo for the secondary efficacy measures during both the single- and multiple-dose phases for up to 96 h. Both active treatments were well tolerated. CONCLUSION: Lumiracoxib is an effective alternative to traditional non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the treatment of post-operative pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Support groups for older victims of domestic violence.

A 1997 nationwide (US and Canada) search to identify support groups for older victims of domestic violence located 16 sponsored by domestic violence programs and 14 sponsored by aging services. Interviews with group leaders indicated more similarities than differences between the two types of sponsorship in group purpose, leadership, numbers served, content of support group sessions, and success in accomplishing goals. Resistance of elders to participate in a group experience was cited by leaders as a major barrier. Recommendations for future groups include insuring accessibility of meeting site; using a leader and co-leader, at least one of whom is older or familiar with aging issues; allocating resources for recruitment; and seeking a steady source of funding. A policy of collaboration among the state's domestic violence coalition, state unit on aging, adult protective services, and victim assistance program may help in promoting support group development and utilization.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Factors affecting the rate of elder abuse reporting to a state protective services program.

Using all 27 geographical areas in Massachusetts served by protective services agencies (PS) as the units of analysis, this study sought to determine the factors that influence elder abuse reporting rates. The dependent variable was the number of reports per 1,000 persons aged 60 years and older received during 1994. Of the ten factors entered into a multiple linear regression analysis, four were significant (R2 = 63%). Higher rates of reporting were associated with lower socioeconomic status of the older population, more community training of area professionals, higher agency service rating scores, and a lower community agency-PS relationship score. The inverse relationship between the rate of reporting and community agency-PS relationship score is contrary to conventional wisdom and suggests that the factor may be masking or representing other associations.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Case report: fracture of the posterior medial tubercle of the talus secondary to direct trauma.

Isolated fracture of the posterior medial tubercle of the talus is a rare injury, generally thought to result from a pronation-dorsiflexion force causing avulsion of the insertion of the posterior talotibial ligament. Originally described by Cedell, the fracture has subsequently been reported three times to our knowledge, with all cases being attributed to indirect trauma. We describe an isolated fracture of the posterior medial tubercle of the talus caused by direct trauma. The fracture of the posterior medial tubercle remained ununited, failed to respond to conservative therapy, and was treated successfully with surgical excision.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

What's new in elder abuse programming? Four bright ideas.

This article presents four "best practice models" that address some common problems faced by community agencies working with elder abuse cases: a multidisciplinary case consultation team; a senior advocate volunteer program; a victim support group; and a master's of social work degree specialization in adult protective services. Their relatively low cost, flexibility, and level of success make them worthy of replication.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

A case-comparison analysis of elder abuse and neglect.

This study examines factors which contribute to elderly abuse and neglect by caregivers in a domestic setting. Methodological and conceptual variations and problems in previous studies have led to considerable confusion as to the determinants of this important social problem. A more rigorous research design was used in this study than has been previously employed. Fifty-nine abused elders from a model project site for the study of elderly abuse were compared with forty-nine non-abused clients from a home care program in the same agency. Using a research instrument designed by the authors, data related to the following aspects of the lives of the elders and their caregivers were collected: psychological status, stressful life events, social networks, mutual dependency, and the nature of their relationships. The study indicates that members of abusive families are more likely to have emotional problems which contribute to interpersonal difficulties. Abused elders are not more dependent on caregivers for many of their daily needs. However, the abused elderly and their caregivers have become increasingly interdependent prior to the onset of abuse because of the loss of other family members, increased social isolation, and the increased financial dependency of the perpetrator on the elderly person.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

A social systems model of nursing home use.

Causal modeling (path analysis) was applied to data from the 39 mental health catchment areas of Massachusetts to analyze the effects of sociocultural and health-resource variables on long-term-care utilization. The variables chosen explained 53 percent of the variance of long-term-care use by persons 60 and older: 41 percent was explained by the sociocultural variables and 12 percent by the health-resource variables. With data adjusted for age, the major determinant of long-term-care use was ethnicity: less long-term care was used in areas with more persons who were foreign-born or had a foreign-born parent. The effects of other health resources (supply of primary care physicians and use of mental and general (short-term) hospitals) were small and negative.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Common themes among morale and depression scales.

This paper reports on the intra- and interbattery scaling of three morale and depression batteries comprised of self-reported items: PGC, G-H, and ZUNG. Responses to the three scales were sought from a sample of long-term residents of a state mental hospital. First, the batteries were factor analyzed separately to identify the intrabattery scales; then the resultant scales were compared using canonical correlation and super matrix factor analysis to identify the interbattery themes. These analyses resulted in the identification of a Clinical Depression domain across all three batteries and single independent themes in both the Zung and PGC batteries.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A model for the integration of community-based health and social services.

This article describes a program designed by a case management organization and home health agency to improve the delivery of home care to the elderly. The results of a modified experimental-control study indicate that the cost of the services to the experimental group, who received comprehensive assessments, consolidated case management and joint monitoring, was less than the control group with an accompanying improvement in the quality of care. It is suggested that the program may be a practical model for local, community social service and health agencies seeking a way to increase continuity of care, improved quality, and reduce costs without difficult organizational and system changes.

Aged↗