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Biomedical subjects

R Sakata

Publications and source records attributed to R Sakata.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Permeability of glycosides through human erythrocyte membrane.

The permeability of glycosides (arbutin, salicin, glycyrritin, p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside, p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-lactopyranoside, p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-maltopyranoside) and their aglycons through human erythrocyte membrane was investigated. The glycosides permeated slowly, compared with their aglycons. Glycoside having disaccharide did not permeate the erythrocyte membrane. This suggested that the introduction of disaccharide to a drug significantly depresses the permeability of glycoside through erythrocyte membrane. The drug entrapped in erythrocytes was not released into the outer medium.

Cell Membrane Permeability↗
PubMed1991

Radiographic evidence of cholecystokinin octapeptide receptors in the hamster gallbladder.

The distribution of cholecystokinin receptors in the hamster gallbladder was investigated by 125I-labeled Bolton-Hunter-cholecystokinin octapeptide autoradiography. Light microscopic examination showed a marked accumulation of radiolabeled cholecystokinin within the domain of the muscle layer of the gallbladder. The electron microscopic study further disclosed the presence of radiolabeling mostly in those areas corresponding to cell-to-cell junctions of smooth-muscle cells. Our results suggest that contraction of the gallbladder may primarily be induced by cholecystokinin interacting with its specific receptor in smooth-muscle cells. That cholecystokinin receptors were more abundant in the junctional complexes of smooth-muscle cells suggests that cholecystokinin may have a major role in muscle contraction of the gallbladder, which eventually produces an effective bile emptying.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Distribution of substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide in the human liver: light and electron immunoperoxidase methods of observation.

The localization of substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in 12 normal human liver tissues was examined by light and electron immunohistochemistry using immunoperoxidase methods. SP and VIP immunoreactive nerve fibers were observed around portal veins, bile ducts, and hepatic arteries in portal areas, along sinusoids and hepatocytes in hepatic lobules, and around central veins. More SP and VIP immunoreactive nerve fibers were present in the portal areas than in other regions. Moreover, SP and VIP containing nerve endings were localized close to myofibroblasts, Ito cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells of blood vessels, and sinusoids. The results suggested that part of the innervation of the human liver may be related to the contraction and relaxation of the cells close to nerve endings, and to the regulation of hemodynamic processes by the neurotransmitters such as SP and VIP at the hepatic lobular level.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Cardiac operation in patients older than 70 years].

To clarify the predictors of operative risk in the elderly, preoperative clinical features and postoperative short term outcome were retrospectively evaluated in 328 consecutive patients. Patients underwent coronary artery bypass or valvular surgery from July 1988 to December 1990 in our hospital: 78 patients were 70 years or older (elderly group) and 250 were younger than 70 years old (control group). Preoperative renal and respiratory function were slightly depressed in the elderly group than in the control group. Prolonged ventilatory support and the administration of inotropic agent were required in some elderly patients with renal or respiratory dysfunction. Neurological complications occurred more frequently in the elderly group than in the control group. Prolonged ventilatory support was needed in almost all the elderly patients with neurological complications. The operative mortality rate was similar in the two patient groups. In contrast, the hospital mortality rate was significantly higher in the elderly group than in the control group. The main causes of the higher hospital mortality in the elderly group was pulmonary infection and sepsis. These results suggest that the prolonged intensive care induces lethal infection and high hospital mortality in the elderly patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

[Repair of pure mitral insufficiency--experience in 50 patients].

Between February 1982 and March 1987, 50 adults underwent mitral valve repair for pure mitral insufficiency representing 54% of all adults having mitral valve surgery for pure mitral insufficiency. Ages ranged from 20 to 73 years (50.0 +/- 11.6). Anterior leaflet prolapse was present in 11, posterior leaflet prolapse in 26 and annulus dilation in 13. The mitral valve was repaired by quadrangular resection in 21, triangular resection in 2, plication without resection in 4, chordal shortening in 8 and annuloplasty alone in 15. Commissural annuloplasty was performed in addition to leaflet repair or chordal shortening in other 14 patients. The competence of the mitral valve was usually evaluated under beating conditions. 79% of the attempted repairs was considered successful in the posterior leaflet, contrasting to only 37% in the anterior leaflet. Prolapse of the anterior leaflet remains a surgical challenge. There were two early deaths (4%). During the follow up period (Mean 1.9 years, range 0.2-5.2 years), 2 late deaths (4%) were observed, one of them from thromboembolism, before adopting the policy of routinely anti-coagulating these patients during the first few months. 4 patients (9%), early in our experience, required reoperation within 4 months of surgery: two for severe mitral insufficiency and two for severe mechanical hemolysis. At reoperation, residual insufficiency was present in one, valve suture tear due to technical imperfection in two and complete disruption of the valve tissue at the suture line in one. Four additional patients had transient mechanical hemolysis requiring no specific therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Coronary endarterectomy].

From July, 1984, to December, 1986, coronary bypass grafting was performed in 314 patients, 70 (22%) requiring coronary endarterectomy (RCA; 48 pts, LAD; 10 pts, LAD + RCA; 10 pts, Others; 2 pts). Coronary endarterectomy patients (END group) were younger and often with the risk factor of hyperlipidemia than non-endarterectomy patients (NON group). The over-all hospital mortality rate of END group was 7 per cent; perioperative myocardial infarction occurred in 7 per cent of patients. Early postoperative angiogram (4 weeks after the operation) was performed in 54 patients. The patency rate of RCA endarterectomy was 81.8 per cent, and that of LCA endarterectomy was 75 per cent. This result was poor compared with the patency rate of non-endarterectomy graft (86.6%). However without endarterectomy, with all likelihood the patency rate of those grafts would have been poorer. The results of right coronary endarterectomy are satisfactory and better than those of the left coronary artery system. This experience suggests that coronary endarterectomy is safe and an useful adjunct of saphenous vein bypass grafting procedures in the management of diffuse coronary disease, especially in RCA lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Anatomic repair of anomalies of ventriculoarterial connection associated with ventricular septal defect. I. Criteria of surgical decision.

The feasibility of anatomic repair (defined as the reconstruction of normal ventriculoarterial connection) was investigated in 104 patients who underwent an operation for anomalies of ventriculoarterial connection associated with ventricular septal defect. Three types of anatomic repair were used: intraventricular rerouting, REV (association of intraventricular rerouting with translocation of the pulmonary arterial trunk on the right ventricle), and arterial switch associated with closure of the ventricular septal defect. Intraventricular repair was considered to be the best and simplest method when possible. In the other cases, REV was indicated if pulmonary outflow tract obstruction was present, and arterial switch was performed when the tract was patent. The feasibility of intraventricular repair was related to the distances between the tricuspid valve and the semilunar valves. Preoperative measurement of these distances is an essential criterion to choose the appropriate repair of anomalies of ventriculoarterial connection associated with ventricular septal defect.

Double Outlet Right Ventricle↗
PubMed1988

Anatomic repair of anomalies of ventriculoarterial connection associated with ventricular septal defect. II. Clinical results in 50 patients with pulmonary outflow tract obstruction.

From November 1980 to November 1985, 50 patients underwent anatomic repair of anomalies of ventriculoarterial connection associated with ventricular septal defect and pulmonary outflow tract obstruction. The technique used was one that we have previously described, which we call REV. The principles of this technique are resection of the infundibular septum, construction of a tunnel connecting the left ventricle to the aorta, and direct anastomosis, without a prosthetic conduit, of the pulmonary arterial trunk with the right ventricle. The tunnel is situated beneath the aortic valve and occupies very little space in the right ventricular cavity. Age at operation ranged from 4 months to 13 years (mean 3.5 years). Twenty-six patients had a classic type of transposition of the great arteries; all other patients had various types of anomalies of ventriculoarterial connection in which it was impossible, after the intraventricular connection of the left ventricle to the aorta, to use the natural pulmonary orifice for the pulmonary outflow tract reconstruction. There were nine hospital deaths (18%) and one late death. Twenty-six of 29 patients whose follow-up time exceeded 1 year had an excellent clinical result. No stenosis of the aortic outflow tract was found. Four patients had significant pressure gradients on the pulmonary outflow tract. Our present experience with REV suggests that this technique allows anatomic repair in a wide variety of anomalies of ventriculoarterial connection associated with ventricular septal defect and pulmonary outflow tract obstruction, even in infants, with an acceptable rate of mortality and morbidity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Surgical treatment of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection of the left lung (It-PAPVC).

Between January 1981 and December 1983, 4 patients, aged 6 to 50 years, with It-PAPVC were operated upon at the Kokura Memorial Hospital, by a new technique of anastomosis between the left anomalous PV and the left auricular appendage. One patient, a 9-year-old male, had unilateral anomalous pulmonary venous connection of the entire left lung to the innominate vein. The other three patients had partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection from the left upper lobe to the innominate vein. Two patients has pulmonary valvular stenosis, and the other two had ASD. All patients were operated upon through a midsternal incision. After cardiopulmonary bypass was established, the anomalous vein was divided as high as was reachable. The present operative method involved the use of an oval pericardial gusset extending from the left auricular appendage into the split anomalous vein so as to obtain a wide anastomotic orifice. Other associated congenital anomalies were simultaneously corrected. All patients had uneventful recovery and at postoperative cardiac catheterization and angiography, the anastomosis between the pulmonary vein and the left auricular appendage was widely patent.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Usefulness of intraoperative coronary angioplasty in aorto-coronary bypass surgery.

Seven patients underwent aorto-coronary bypass grafting combined with intraoperative transluminal coronary angioplasty (OTCA), because of multiple obliteration of the coronary arteries with poor distal run-off. The patients were all males with a mean age of 52.6 years. For OTCA, a SIMPSON-ROBERT vascular dilator system was used. Eight stenoses in seven patients, four in the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and three in the right coronary artery (RCA) were dilated by means of OTCA. In five patients the results were satisfactory but in two patients the procedures resulted in failure. Dilatation failed because of severe calcification of LAD in one case and, in the other, distal RCA was completely obstructed by a compressed atherosclerotic plaque at the bifurcation after the procedure. From these limited experiences we believe that OTCA might be a method of selection to treat the patients with coronary sclerosis with poor distal run-off.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1985

[Intracranial chordoma--report of two cases with cytochemical study].

Intracranial chordoma is very uncommon. We report two cases of intracranial chordoma with cytochemical studies. Case 1: A 66-year-old housewife was admitted on February 10, 1981, complaining of disturbance of visual acuity and bitemporal hemianopsia. A plain skull film showed normal finding with no calcification. CT showed a spherical ring contrast enhancement with intraluminal low density area in the suprasellar cistern. Pneumoencephalogram showed a suprasellar mass with filling defect of the anterior part of the third ventricle. On February 28, 1981, the tumor was intracapsually removed by transfrontal approach. The tumor had re-brown-turbid fluid. On March 16, she was discharged with no disturbance of visual acuity and visual field. But she again complained of visual disturbance and was hospitalized on October 26, 1981. Second operation was performed through trans-frontal route. The tumor with pus-like fluid was resected subtotally and postoperative radiation was given with 4,500 rads. Histologically the tumor had physaliferous cells cytomorphologically. Cytochemical study: cytoplasm and matrix were detected positively with PAS stain, Mucicarmine stain, Alcian blue stain, and Colloid-Iron stain. Mucinous glycogen was positive by PAS stain after diastase digestion test. These mucinous material was not stained with Sudan stain. Case 2: A 36-year-old man was admitted with paresthesia on right lower face on September 27, 1983. In the past history he complained of diplopia for several months in 1978 and 1982. A tomography of the skull showed a spherical soft mass in the sphenoid sinus and a calcified lesion from the posterior clinoid process to the floor of the third ventricle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Intracerebral metastasis of esophageal carcinoma--a case report and review of literature].

We encountered a case of brain metastasis from asymptomatic esophageal cancer. A 50-year-old man presented with right hemiparesis and bilateral choked discs. The brain CT scan demonstrated ring-like, enhanced tumor with perifocal edema in the left parietal lobe. The chest X-ray showed no abnormalities. The histology of the brain tumor that was totally removed after irradiation, showed a poorly differentiated squamous cancer. By the following study, an esophageal cancer of Borrman II type and 8 cm in length at the middle third segment detected. The histology of biopsy specimen showed findings similar to those of the brain tumor. He was not operated on, and received irradiation and chemotherapy. The esophageal carcinoma was reduced markedly, then he fully recovered in social life taking maintenance therapy for cancer. Seven cases of metastatic brain tumor from esophagus have been reported in literature. Esophagus carcinomas with brain metastasis were situated at the lower third in 6 cases with the exception of one without description, although esophageal carcinomas in general most frequently occur in the middle third. In any of the cases so far reported, no lung tumor was demonstrated by the chest X-ray, so the route of metastasis via vertebral vein system as proposed by Batson (1940) may explain the fact.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1983

[Autopsy case of extra-neural metastasis of suprasellar pineal germinoma].

A 19-year-old boy was admitted with a suprasellar tumor. On May, 1980 he underwent craniotomy and subtotal tumor removal. The pathological diagnosis was germinoma. In July, 1981, a solitary angiomatous tumor appeared in the left back skin and was resected. The pathological diagnosis was choriocarcinoma, thus, a final diagnosis of suprasellar choriocarcinoma was made. At the first admission, his LH was 100 miu/ml; FSH, 2.4 miu/ml, while; at the second admission, LH was 500 miu/ml; FSH, 9.9 miu/ml, HCG, 13000 miu/ml. Irradiation combined with chemotherapy brought no improvement of his symptoms and he died. At autopsy, multiple metastatic foci were recognized in the lungs, liver, kidney, intestine, skin and brain.

Adult↗