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Biomedical subjects

R Schmoker

Publications and source records attributed to R Schmoker.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Effect of surgical reduction of the tongue on oral stereognosis, oral motor ability, and the rest position of the tongue and mandible.

The oral ability to recognize forms and oral motor ability were studied by means of two specific tests in 27 subjects, 10 to 23 years of age, before and after tongue reduction because of macroglossia. Recordings were made before and 6 and 12 months after the operation. At the same time the natural position of the head and of the cervical column, the craniocervical relation, the position of the tongue and the hyoid bone, and the rest position of the mandible were studied with profile roentgen-cephalometry. The surgical reduction of the tongue had a minor influence on the subject's performance in the test of oral ability to recognize forms, where the number of false identifications increased somewhat. The oral motor ability and the positions of the head, the cervical column, and the hyoid bone were unaffected. After the operation, the tongue did not fill out the oral cavity as much as before and the freeway space decreased.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Mandibular reconstruction. An historical overview].

In a historical review the most important technologies and auxiliary materials for lower jaw reconstruction are demonstrated and discussed. Personally developed implants for anatomical and functional reconstruction of the continuity and rigidity based on the latest experiences of bone surgery, are presented. The results of this development are demonstrated by several steps of mandibular reconstruction in a special clinical case. The discussion deals with the conclusions drawn from the historical review in comparison to our own clinical results.

Bone Nails↗
PubMed1987

[Reconstruction of the lingual nerve following iatrogenic lesion].

Because of its topographic location, the lingual nerve is exposed to injury during intraoral surgery. An iatrogenic lesion is indeed an infrequent, but an unpleasant complication for both the patient and the doctor. Experience in peripheral nerve surgery increased the success rate of a reconstruction of the lingual nerve.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

[Plastic bolting device for the temporomandibular joint for treatment of hypermobility (Re-examination results of the first 28 cases)].

Hypermobility of the mandibular condyle may only slightly be influenced by conservative treatment. On the other hand, all surgical methods, except the one described here include a risk factor concerning nerve or blood vessel damage. The present method limits, by plastic surgery, the joint mobility. 28 such operations were checked for results. The cases with recidivating luxation with trismus and blocking of the mandible reacted very favourably. The cases with habitual subluxation without trismus, and the cases with myofacial pain syndrome were not as favorable, objectively seen. Subjectively, however, the patients feel the operation is a success. Further investigation by control checking on late results is indicated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Transposition osteotomy of the upper jaws and immobilization with cranial fixation devices].

Retrognathia in a patient who has undergone surgery for correction of a cleft palate constitutes a specific indication for transposition osteotomy of the upper jaw. A satisfactory operative technique is described in which as much as possible of the posterior part of the hard palate is retained. The operation is followed by immobilization of the upper jaw with a halo. The results of follow-up examination of 9 patients who had been operated on between 1975 and mid-1977 are described in detail. They revealed a pronounced tendency to postoperative recurrence of the deformity and showed the importance of postoperative retention in preventing recurrence. The topics discussed also include the timing of the operation, of the postoperative retention, the fitting of dentures, and of subsequent plastic surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Principles of treating facial fractures].

The therapy of facial fractures is aimed at an early definitive treatment. Exact repositioning of the fragments is first achieved by setting the right occlusion. Intermaxillary fixation is then performed by interdental arch bars reenforced with acrylic material and intermaxillary rubber bands or wire. The middle third of the face is mainly subjected to static forces. Fractures in this area are therefore set and fixated with interosseous wire ligatures. Craneofacial suspension is carried out by means of a craneofixateur extern. Fractures of the mandible are treated differently. In order to counteract the strong dynamic forces internal fixation is necessary using compression plates in combination with tension bands. Another modality of treatment by a specially designed plate with excentric gliding holes renders the tension bands superfluous since it is capable of applying compression forces also at the dental area. In fractures with osseous defects long plates are used which stabilize the mandibular arch. If the articular prominence is missing these plates may be applied with a capitular end in order to reconstruct the articulation.

Bone Plates↗
PubMed1978

The tongue flap for reconstruction in a case of Möbius syndrome. A case report.

This paper deals with the extension of the tongue flap technique for reconstruction of deficient perioral structures in a case of Möbius syndrome. Some important surgical considerations, such as the vascularisation of the tongue, design of the flap, location of the flap base etc, are discussed and the operative procedures and the result are demonstrated.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1976

[Functionally stable osteosynthesis of the mandible by means of an excentric-dynamic compression plate. Results of a follow-up of 25 cases].

The stability of internal fixation is enhanced by axial compression on the fracture ends. If internal fixation of the mandible is achieved by a compression plate at the lower border of the mandible (compression side), distraction of the fracture ends on the occlusal side occurs which has to be counteracted without damaging the roots of the teeth on the occlusal side (traction side) or without damaging the inferior alveolar nerve. From experiments on models it was seen that an acceptable solution to this problem is given by the use of the combined compression plate and tension band plate or the "Excentric Dynamic Compression Plate" (EDCP). In this paper 25 clinical cases of internal fixation of the mandible by means of the EDCP are examined and discussed. The following relevant facts were reviewed on all patients: -- kind of trauma -- age -- dentition -- localization of the fracture -- local and general additional injuries -- time of operation -- material used for internal fixation -- type of occlusal immobilisation during operation -- use of antibiotics -- skin closure -- mobilisation -- hospital stay -- duration of work disability -- complications -- scarring -- neurological disablement -- malocclusion In this paper emphasis is layed upon internal fixation by means of the EDCP. The clinical evaluation of the 25 cases clearly demonstrates that the main indication for internal fixation with the EDCP is given in fractures of the horizontal ramus of the mandible, because in this localisation the plate has to be applied beneath the inferior alveolar nerve. A further indication for internal fixation with the EDCP are fractures of the angle of the mandible. In these cases the tension band principle by means of a tension banc archbar or a tension band plate cannot be applied, because of missing teeth on the proximal fragment, or a non erupted wisdom tooth. These indications can be summarized as follows: -- In fractures of the angle of the mandible--when ever possible compression plate and tension band plate, otherwise EDCP -- In fractures of the horizontal ramus--EDCP -- In fractures of the mandibular front--DCP.

Bone Plates↗
PubMed1976

[Functionally stable osteosynthesis and simulography in sagittal osteotomy of the ascending ramus. A comparative clinical study].

Sagittal mandibular osteotomy is a well-founded means to correct various dysgnathias. The method is enhanced by the possibilities of fixation which osteosynthesis has offered to the treatment of bone fractures. The success of using osteosynthesis in osteotomy depends partly of preoperative planning combined with simulography which allows for orthograde adaptation of the proximal fragments and the proper localization of the traction screws. 75 sagittal osteotomies were checked. They had all been operated the same way, but the fixation was varied: without fixation, fixation by wiring, fixation by Kirschner wire, fixation by bilateral traction screws, 1 each, 2 each, 3 each. The evaluation was made by using many criteria. It was found that without functionally stable osteosynthesis, inspite of 2-3 months immobilization a recurrence occurred in most cases and that postoperative treatment by activator or by head-chin appliance was necessary. With 3 screws on each side and preoperative planning with simulography no recurrence was found in 30 cases. Also, the hospitalization could be shortened and with it the working incapacity. These patients could be left without intermaxillary fixation and late postoperative treatment.

Fracture Fixation, Internal↗
PubMed1975

[Experimental studies on the stability of the functionally stable supporting structure inplant].

It has been shown clinically that the healing processes encountered at the site of a subperiosteal implant which is implanted as a sustainer for dentures is greatly dependent on the method of fixation. The inflammatory reactions around the abutments are less pronounced and epithelial attachment enhanced if a absolute rigid fixation exists between the implant material and the mandible. In order to study the stability of a scaffolding implant material under different conditions, measurements were undertaken on isolated cadaver mandibles. The dynamic forces acting on the fixed implant in an axial and transversal direction were recorded using a specially designed string gauge. The effects on the static forces of fixation were registered and evaluated. It could be demonstrated that the forces of fixation which were achieved by applying the general principles of compression osteosynthesis surpassed many times the shearing forces encountered at the time of functional stress. Conclusions are drawn regarding a possible improvement of fixation techniques used in such subperiosteal implants.

Dental Implantation↗