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Biomedical subjects

R Schneider

Publications and source records attributed to R Schneider.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

An evaluation of the Briggs-Nebes modified version of Annett's handedness inventory.

The Briggs-Nebes (1975) modified version of Annett's (1967) handedness inventory was administered to 59 female and 51 male undergraduates and 101 nursing students. J-shaped distributions of scores in the dextral direction and significant sex differences such that males were more sinistral than females were found. The inventory was found to be multi-dimensional with up to three factors, power, skill, and rhythm in order of importance. The utility of the modified inventory was supported and recommendations were made concerning the use of subscale or factor scores in addition to overall scores.

Factor Analysis, Statistical↗
PubMed1979

H2 breath tests during diarrhea.

The peak rise in breath hydrogen and the volume of excess pulmonary excretion of hydrogen in response to a 10 g dose of the non-abosorbable disaccharide, lactulose, was significantly lower in children with active gastroenteritis and diarrhea than in nondiarrheal controls. Thus, despite the fact that the H2 breath test is a convenient, noninvasive technology for use in children, it cannot be recommended for measuring carbohydrate malabsorption in individuals with active, on-going episodes of diarrhea.

Breath Tests↗
PubMed1979

Factors from lymphoid cell tumor affecting immune responses.

Friend leukemia virus induces erythroblastic leukemia in genetically susceptible BALB/c mice. FLV-containing leukemic cells markedly depressed the humoral immune response to SRBC in the appropriate mouse strain. Both immunosuppression and leukemogenesis were readily transmitted by cell-free virus-containing homogenates of the FLV leukemic splenocytes into normal BALB/c mice. In the present study it was found that both Friend leukemic splenocytes as well as virus containing extracts from the leukemic cells were neutralized by heating and by specific antisera. Suppressive activity passed through a 0.45 mu filter but not a 300,000 MW filter and could be pelleted at 100,000 x g. They were also highly resistant to inactivation by irradiation. Mice given leukemic splenocytes after irradiation with up to 32.000 rads still developed leukemia. Addition of either normal or irradiated FLV-leukemic cells to normal spleen cell cultures in vitro markedly suppressed antibody formation. At least 32,000 rads were required to significantly impair the immuno-suppressive activity of the FLV-leukemic cells. Thus, virus per se appears to be directly responsible for suppression of antibody formation to FLV.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

An epidemiological study of neonatal and postneonatal mortality in Macaca radiata at the California Primate Research Center (1966-1973).

This study evaluates neonatal and postneonatal survival of Macaca radiata to 180 days of age at the California Primate Research Center from 1966 through 1973. Of a total of 287 live births, infant mortality rates (IMR) for three different types of housing were significantly different: 12% for inside cages, 41% for an outside one-half-acre enclosure and 31% for outside corncrib cages. Experience of the female in raising an infant to weaning age was a significant determinant only for the outside housing IMR. Introduction of laboratory-reared females into the breeding colony made the maternal breeding experience an important factor.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Animal experimental studies on partial kidney function after temporary tourniquet ischemia with and without blood substitute therapy].

70 rats were subjected to tourniquet ischemia of a hind limb for a period of two and three hours. 12 rats served as controls. After release of the 3 hours tourniquets 20 rats were treated either with Ringer's solution or with hydroxyethyl starch. Kidney function and morphology, systolic blood pressure, hematocrit, serum electrolytes, creatinine and urea were studied as different times of recirculation. 1. Reduction in renal function was only observed after releasing the tourniquets. 2. The extent of reduction in renal function depended on the time of ischemia and time of recirculation. 3 hours of tourniquet with two hours of recirculation led to the largest extent of reduction in renal function and renal parenchymal lesions. 3. If the infusion of HES was applied at the beginning of recirculation, reduction in renal function was prevented, as well as parenchymal lesions. Ringer's infusion, however, did not improve kidney function to a normal range.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Pernicious anemia caused by Crohn's disease of the stomach.

A patient with granulomatous gastritis is described. Two years after the presentation of his gastric disease he developed pernicious anemia. Lack of intrinsic factor production secondary to Crohn's disease of the stomach is felt to be the cause of his Vitamin B12 malabsorption.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Effects of dopamine-droperidol interaction on renal function in rats (author's transl)].

The influence of dopamine and droperidol on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) was examined in twelve groups (N = 8) of male wistar rats using the double isotope method with a partially-shielded whole-body counter according to Oberhausen. No alterations of GFR and ERPF could be elicited in normovolaemic rats given dopamine 2--4 micrograns/kg/min (i.v.) alone or in combination with droperidol 0.3 mg/kg. The administration of 10 micrograms/kg/min dopamine alone was followed by a significant (p less than or equal to 0.05) reduction of the ERPF, this effect being abolished by the concomitant use of both drugs. In tourniquet shock dopamine administration or the combined use of dopamine and droperidol produced a significant rise in arterial blood pressure and the renal functions described above. The results in the present study indicate that dopamine infusions will be effective in the presence of froperidol.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Achalasia in father and son.

Achalasia has not been previously reported in father and son. A man, age 38, and his father, age 66, presented two years apart with symptoms of dysphagia and aspiration. The diagnosis of achalasia was made on the basis of x-ray and endoscopic findings and on esophageal motility studies performed on the father. Both responded well to pneumatic dilatation and have been asymptomatic for 24 months and 6 months, respectively. These cases again suggest a genetic basis for achalasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Implications of changes in amplitude and contour of the mercury strain gauge plethysmograph pulse tracing.

Alterations in the mercury strain gauge plethysmograph pulse tracing have been previously thought to denote changes in venous tone. This study was designed to define the implications of changes in amplitude and contour of pulse tracing. Seven normal subjects were studied. After control measurements, amyl nitrite was administered and the pulse tracing was recorded. When the haemodynamic state had returned to control levels 0.4 mg sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) was given. The amplitude of the plethysmograph pulse tracing (Y mm) and the vertical distance from the dicrotic notch to the peak of the pulse tracing (X mm) were measured. With amyl nitrite, the amplitude of the pulse tracing (Y) decreased from 10.4 +/- 1 to 4.5 +/- 0.6 mm (mean +/- SEM), while the X/Y ratio increased from 0.7 +/- 0.02 to 0.98 +/- 0.02 (P less than 0.005). After GTN Y increased from 9.3 +/- 0.8 to 31 +/- 4.8 mm (P less than 0.005) and X/Y ratio increased from 0.7 +/- 0.06 to 0.99 +/- 0.01 (P less than 0.005). Since it is known that amyl nitrite produces venoconstriction and arteriolar dilatation, and GTN causes venous and arteriolar dilatation, we conclude that an increase in Y reflects venous dilatation, and an increase in X/Y ratio, that is a fall in the dicrotic notch, denotes arteriolar dilatation. Thus, the plethysmograph pulse tracing can be used to assess the effects of drugs on the capacitance and resistance beds.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Neuropathic injuries to the lower extremities in children.

Neuropathic injuries of the lower extremities in children due to meningomyelocele, congenital indifference to pain, and peripheral nerve damage were studied in 10 patients. The injuries fell into four categories: (a) fractures of the metaphysis and diaphysis of long bones, (b) epiphyseal separation, (c) Charcot joints, and (d) soft-tissue ulceration. These injuries are often unrecognized; untreated, they can lead to severe disability. For patients with impaired sensation, radiographs should be obtained at any sign of localized soft-tissue swelling, warmth, or hyperemia, especially near a joint. Following diagnosis, immobilization of the limb will lead to prompt healing of fractures and epiphyseal separation.

Child↗