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Biomedical subjects

R Schubotz

Publications and source records attributed to R Schubotz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica].

A 70-year-old woman developed increasing dyspnoea and hoarseness without stridor. Bronchoscopy revealed the characteristic picture of a "rock-garden" with multiple whitish irregularly shaped nodules in the distal two third of the trachea, except the pars membranacea, involving the right-sided bronchial system to the origin of the lower-lobe bronchus, and the left main bronchus. The diagnosis of tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica was confirmed histologically: primary tracheobronchial amyloidosis was excluded. Tomography of the tracheobronchial tree demonstrated the findings, but a plain chest X-ray did not. The symptoms in this patient were not, however, caused by tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica but by concomitant pulmonary emphysema and acute laryngitis and were improved after symptomatic treatment of the laryngitis.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Gallium-67 activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in sarcoidosis.

Roentgenograms and gallium-67 scans and gallium-67 counts of BAL fluid samples, together with differential cell counts, have proved to be useful in assessing activity and lung involvement in sarcoidosis. In active pulmonary sarcoidosis gallium-67 scans are usually positive. Quantitation of gallium-67 uptake in lung scans, however, may be difficult. Because gallium-67 uptake and cell counts in BAL fluid may be correlated, we set out to investigate gallium-67 activity in BAL fluid recovered from patient of different groups. Sixteen patients with recently diagnosed and untreated sarcoidosis, nine patients with healthy lungs, and five patients with CFA were studied. Gallium-67 uptake of the lung, gallium-67 activity in the lavage fluid, SACE and LACE levels, and alpha 1-AT activity were measured. Significantly more gallium-67 activity was found in BAL fluid from sarcoidosis patients than in that from CFA patients (alpha = .001) or patients with healthy lungs (alpha = .001). Gallium-67 activity in BAL fluid could be well correlated with the number of lymphocytes in BAL fluid, but poorly with the number of macrophages. Subjects with increased levels of SACE or serum alpha 1-AT showed higher lavage gallium-67 activity than did normals, but no correlation could be established. High gallium-67 activity in lavage fluid may be correlated with acute sarcoidosis or physiological deterioration; low activity denotes change for the better. The results show that gallium-67 counts in BAL fluid reflects the intensity of gallium-67 uptake and thus of activity of pulmonary sarcoidosis.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1985

Lipoprotein fractions, lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triglyceride lipase during short-term and long-term uptake of ethanol in healthy subjects.

In short-term experiments, healthy fasting persons were given a basic dose of 0.5 g of ethanol/kg body weight, followed by hourly maintenance doses of 0.15 g of ethanol/kg body weight. After 10 h there was a significant increase of triglycerides in the VLDL, LDL, and HDL, the main rise (from 42 to 92 mg/dl) being found in the VLDL triglycerides. Other subjects, who received nourishment isocaloric with ethanol, likewise showed a significant rise of triglycerides in all lipoprotein fractions. Chylomicron triglycerides increased from 9.3 to 35.5 mg/dl. There was no significant change in postheparin HTGL, but postheparin LPL activity decreased after 10 h from 17.9 to 12.2 mmol FFA/ml/h in the fasting subjects, and from 28.5 to 10.2 mmol/FFA/ml/h in the persons receiving food. In long-term experiments after 4 weeks of 70 - 80 g of ethanol and isocaloric food daily, triglycerides increased, especially in the VLDL (from 50 to 82 mg/dl). The increase in the HDL, however, was also significant. After 4 weeks of ethanol, the chylomicron triglycerides in the plasma of the fasting subjects reached a value of 29.3 mg/100 ml, LDL cholesterol decreased, and HDL cholesterol increased. After 4 weeks of ethanol there was an increase in the lipoprotein lipase of the adipose tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Effect of polyenyl phosphatidyl choline on clofibrate-induced increase in LDL cholesterol.

In a double-blind, randomised, cross-over trial clofibrate and a combination of polyenyl phosphatidyl choline (PPC) plus clofibrate were tested in 67 patients with hyperlipoproteinemia. Each treatment lasted for 4 weeks and was separated by a 4 week placebo period. The daily doses were clofibrate 1.2 g and PPC 1.8 g + clofibrate 1.2 g. respectively. The results revealed that polypenyl phosphatidyl choline prevented the elevation of LDL-cholesterol induced by clofibrate treatment, and that the lipid-lowering potency of the combination did not differ significantly from that of clofibrate. Since elevation of LDL-cholesterol is considered to increase the risk of coronary heart disease, the combination appears to offer a therapeutic advantage. Despite the significance of this clinical observation, a final decision may only be obtained from a prospective, long term investigation in patients with coronary heart diseases and hyperlipoproteinemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Cimetidin treatment of duodenal ulcer resistant to antacid therapy (author's transl)].

A selected group of 21 patients having received antacids (neutralizing capacity less than 50 meq HCl/d) as treatment for duodenal ulcers showed no improvement of the disease as demonstrated by endoscopic control after 8-16 weeks. Subsequent treatment of this group with 1 g Cimetidin/d for periods of 4-8 weeks was successful as far as healing of the ulcers is concerned in 85% of the cases, however symptoms of duodenitis persisted. In a control group of 39 patients which did not improve after 8 weeks of treatment with antacids the same therapy was continued for another 8 weeks; during this second period ulcers disappeared in 12 patients = 30% of the group. Improvement of symptoms resulted on the average after 6 days of therapy with cimetidine. One third of the patients treated with cimetidine relapsed with ulcers after approximately 4 months as demonstrated by endoscopy. Patients with duodenal ulcers resistant to therapy with antacids do represent a selected group suited to test the potency of new therapeutic methods as for instance treatment with cimetidine.

Antacids↗
PubMed1978

[Drug treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Experience with a combination of dextrothyroxine and betapyridylcarbinol (author's transel)].

22 patients of our lipid ambulance with hypercholesterolemia received 6 mg highly purified dextrothyroxine (group 1, n = 10) or 900 mg beta-pyridylcarbinol (group 2, n = 12) for 12 weeks and both groups for another 8 weeks a combination of 4 mg dextrothyroxine and 600 mg beta-pyridylcarbinol daily. Most of the patients with an age from 8 to 57 years showed a family history of hypercholesterolemia, some of them suffered from coronary insufficiency. 20 patients completed the therapeutic progrand of 20 weeks. Total cholesterol decreases in both groups during monotherapy significantly, and still more during the combination, singificant in group 1. LDL cholesterol showed greater decrease during mono- and combination therqpy. The frequency of side effects was higher in the monotherqpy periods: increase of preexisting angina pectoris in one case during dextrothyroxine, severe flush in two cases during beta-pyridylcarbinol, gastrointestinal disturbances three times in both groups together. During the combined treatment minimal gastrointestinal symptoms were reported from one patient. The lower incidence and severity of side effects in spite of similar or better effects recommend the combination of dextrothyroxin and beta-pyridylcarbinol for longterm therapy of moderate hypercholesterolemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Plasma lipids, triglyceride/fatty acid pattern, and plasma insulin in fasted healthy volunteers during continuous ingestion of ethanol. Influence of lipolysis inhibited by nicotinic acid.

Healthy fasted volunteers were subjected to an acute oral ethanol load over 12 h after a diet of 3 days with high linolenic acid content. Free fatty acids, triglycerides, glycerol, phospholipids, cholesterol and insulin, as well as the fatty acid pattern of triglycerides in the plasma, were determined during the test. The test was repeated with nicotinic acid added. The lipid values obtained and the comparisons of fatty acid composition both indicate that the predominant role of peripheral lipolysis in the genesis of acute ethanol-induced hypertriglyceridemia, in spite of the possibility of enhanced synthesis of palmitic acid in the liver.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1978

[Coronary artery reserve in patients with hyperlipoproteinemias (author's transl)].

The coronary reserve was measured in 119 patients with different types of primary hyperlipoproteinemia. Cardiovascular diseased with clinical manifestation were excluded. 90 patients of same age with normal serum lipids served as controls. The groups did not differ in other risk factors as blood pressure or overweight (the latter excluded in hyperlipoproteinemia type IV). The controls showed decreased coronary reserve in 8%, type IIa patients in 36%, IIb patients in 18% and type IV patients in 23%. The frequency of restriction in coronary flow increased with age: in hyperlipoproteinemic patients of 50 years and more it was found in nearly 40%. Further interesting results were the significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures reached during exercise in our hyperlipoproteinemic patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Beta-sitosterin in the treatment of essential type II hyperlipoproteinemias].

The effect of Beta-Sitosterol (Sitosterin Delalande) on plasma lipids in 20 pretreated patients with type IIa and IIb familial hyperlipoproteinemia is reported. 6-18 g of the drug were given for a time of two to twelve months. In 11 patients the plasma cholesterol level decreased between 10 and 30%. Since Beta-Sitosterol has no effect on plasma triglycerides, an additional hypertriglyceridemia must be taken care of and treated if necessary. Beta-Sitosterol can be called an effective substance in the treatment of hypercholesterinemia. In addition the diet cure becomes easier.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Levamisole-induced immunostimulation in spondylarthropathies.

The term "seronegative spondylarthritis" (S.S.A.) has been assigned to rheumatic disorders with closely related clinical features, defined by seronegativity and HLA-B27 phenotype. Its pathogenesis may be linked with a genetically controlled defective immune response. Therefore, 37 men with S.S.A. were treated with levamisole (150 mg/day, 3 days/wk) to stimulate the immune reactions. In a randomised controlled crossover study these patients also received a placebo; each period ran for 12 wk. Symptomatic therapy was continued through the entire 6 mo. Serious side-effects led to withdrawal of the active drug in 9 patients. Clinical response was measured in terms of a cumulative joint index, spondylometry, morning stiffness, and a pain scale. Treatment with levamisole resulted in a significant improvement in these parameters. Radiological evidence of sacroiliitis was present in 48.6% before and after levamisole, and joint scanning with 99Tc-pyrophosphate also revealed no progress in the disease. After levamisole treatment, IgM levels fell significantly (P less than 0-014). Likewise, the previously high percentage of antibodies with weak cytotoxic activity against lymphocytes was reduced after levamisole (P less than 0-049), and an increased rate of leucocyte-migration inhibition (L.M.I) was found in the levamisole-treated group. Thus, the immunostimulating properties of levamisole may interfere with defective immunoregulation in S.S.A. and, by improving the clinical conditions, lead to a change in the course of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Red cell metabolic and membrane features in haemolytic anaemia of alcoholic liver disease (Zieve's syndrome).

Zieve's syndrome (ZS), which consists of transient haemolytic anaemia, jaundice, hyperlipoproteinaemia, and alcohol-induced liver disease, was studied in male patients during the acute (n = 20) and the remittent (n = 10) phase. Chronic alcoholics (n = 10) without haemolysis and healthy male persons (n = 10) served as controls. Erythrocytes were separated into old and young cells by means of density-layer centrifugation. Those fractions which contained older red cells disclosed a pyruvate-kinase instability which resulted in impaired metabolism. Changes in membrane lipid composition as indicated by increased cholesterol and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were also detected in patients during the acute phase of ZS. Alcohol-induced red-cell vitamin-E deficiency with a decrease in PUFA levels may provoke an oxidation of reduced red-cell glutathione which in turn results in the enzyme instability. This study lends further support to the hypothesis that the putative role of the red-cell metabolic injury in the origin of haemolysis in ZS cannot be envisaged without introducing membrane-linked and extracellular cofactors.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The effect of pentoxifylline on erythrocyte deformability and on phosphatide fatty acid distribution in the erythrocyte membrane.

Ten maturity-onset diabetics with chronic vascular disease were treated with 400 mg pentoxifylline 3-times daily for 14 days. Erythrocyte deformability (using a filtration technique for whole blood) and phosphatide fatty acid distribution in the erythrocyte membrane were measured before and after the treatment period. Statistical analysis of the data showed that the erythrocyte filtration rate had increased significantly by the end of treatment (2alpha = 0.02), and that there were only slight changes in erythrocyte membrane phosphatide fatty acid levels. The drug was well tolerated, and there were no adverse laboratory findings in the parameters measured. On the basis of results described by other investigators, theimprovement in erythrocyte deformability was attributed to an increase in erythrocyte ATP levels. The authors discuss the importance of red cell fluidity for capillary perfusion.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Changes of erythrocyte membrane lipids in ethanol induced hyperlipidemia (Zieve's syndrome) (author's transl)].

In 11 patients with alcohol-induced hyperlipemia, of whom 6 showed a Zieve Syndrome increased phospholipids, triglycerides and total cholesterol were found in the red cells stromal. The gasliquid chromatographic analysis of the phospholipid fatty acids showed increased contents of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids C 16-C 18 smaller contents of longchain highly unsaturated fatty acids. The changes in the fatty acid pattern mainly occurred in patients with Zieve Syndrome and could be important for the mechanism of the hemolytic anemia. Theses findings could be in connexion with vitamin E deficiency.

Adult↗