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Biomedical subjects

R Sloan

Publications and source records attributed to R Sloan.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Effect of erythropoietin on renal excretion of a sodium load.

To determine whether erythropoietin alters the renal excretion of a sodium load in humans, we administered either erythropoietin (150 units/kg) or vehicle intravenously in a randomized crossover design to six normal white men on day 4 of a controlled sodium diet. After erythropoietin administration, the subjects were given 2 L normal saline solution intravenously over 4 hours. All urine was collected for 4 days after drug administration. Serum sodium and creatinine levels and blood pressure were determined 0, 4, 8, and 24 hours after drug administration. Peripheral renin activity and aldosterone levels were determined 0, 4, and 8 hours after drug administration. Erythropoietin significantly decreased total sodium excretion during the 4 days after drug administration (erythropoietin = 784 +/- 46 mEq/4 days versus control = 840 +/- 41 mEq/4 days; p < 0.001). Erythropoietin did not alter creatinine clearance, blood pressure, or the changes in plasma renin activity and aldosterone caused by the saline load. We conclude that erythropoietin decreases urine sodium excretion after a sodium load in normal human subjects without altering glomerular filtration rate, blood pressure, or plasma renin activity.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1991

Bioavailability and kinetics of cibenzoline in patients with normal and impaired renal function.

To test the hypothesis that renal failure alters the disposition of cibenzoline in humans, an absolute bioavailability and elimination kinetic study was performed. We used the simultaneous administration of a stable isotope variant (SASIV). Eight healthy volunteers and eight matched hemodialysis patients each received simultaneously an 80-mg intravenous infusion of 15N-2-cibenzoline and a single 80-mg cibenzoline capsule. Cibenzoline plasma concentrations were assayed by a gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric assay. A compartment-independent kinetic analysis showed a plasma clearance of 707 mL/min and an elimination half-life of 7.3 hours after the intravenous dose in healthy volunteers. In renal-failure patients, cibenzoline clearance decreased to 224 mL/min and half-life increased to 22.4 hours. Decreased plasma clearance was due to decreases in both renal and nonrenal clearance. Absolute bioavailability was 83% and 90% in healthy volunteers and renal-failure patients, respectively. Hemodialysis accounted for only 13% of drug clearance.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Multiple organ failure: clinical and experimental.

The clinical scenario of multiple organ failure (MOF) is reviewed and its frequent correlation with sepsis emphasized. It is hypothesized that MOF is produced by the formation of immune complexes (IC) in response to infection with deposition on organs such as the liver, lung, and kidney. Such immune complexes trap macrophages which can directly damage endothelium. Such a pathologic picture is in keeping with that of MOF. Granular deposits of IgG, IgM, C3, C5, and fibrinogen have been identified in the organs of four patients dying of MOF and sepsis. Similar deposits have been identified using fluorescent antibody stains in the organs of rabbits following cecal perforation. It is hypothesized that sepsis may produce organ failure at a distance from the site of infection via deposits of immune complexes.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Verapamil preceded by calcium in supraventricular tachycardia.

Verapamil has been shown to be effective in the management of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). However, the utility of verapamil may be limited because of adverse effects, specifically hypotension. Several clinical observations have shown that the intravenous administration of calcium is effective in reversing the myocardial depressant effects of verapamil. We report the case of a patient with SVT and a systolic blood pressure of 80 mm Hg in which the administration of calcium chloride prior to that of verapamil may have negated verapamil-induced hypotension.

Calcium↗