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Biomedical subjects

R Sorge

Publications and source records attributed to R Sorge.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Body composition during normal pregnancy: reference ranges.

Maternal body composition undergoes a deep adaptative change during the course of pregnancy. Fat mass, fat-free mass, and total body water (TBW) increase in different ways and their effects on pregnancy outcome represent a field of major interest in perinatal medicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in maternal body composition [maternal weight, TBW, intracellular water (ICW) and extracellular water (ECW)] during healthy pregnancy by using bioimpedance analysis (BIA). A total of 170 healthy pregnant women, aged 22-44 years, volunteered to participate in our study. The BIA measurements were carried out with a Tefal BIA scale determining resistance and reactance. Lukaski's multiple-regression equation was used to estimate TBW and ICW and ECW were computed using the prediction formula of Segal. The evaluations were performed at 10-38 weeks' gestation, every 3-4 weeks, and hematocrit was determined at every time interval. Analysis of variance and multiple comparisons of Bonferroni were performed to compare variables among the different study intervals. Second-order polynomial interpolation was used to obtain percentile values for each bioimpedance parameter. Percentile bioimpedance values of the healthy population are provided at each study time, by showing the mean value and the 5th, 25th, 75th, 95th percentiles. Moreover, normal reference ranges for TBW are provided for each gestational age, in relation to maternal weight gain. Reactance, TBW, and ICW enhance slightly during the course of gestation. Tetrapolar BIA could be an easy and practical tool for evaluating changes of maternal body components during pregnancy. It could also provide indirect proof of the normal hemodilution occurring in normal pregnancies. Moreover, fat mass deposition, and not only fluid retention, seems to be responsible for the mother's gestational weight gain, since reactance is an indirect parameter in estimating fat mass amount.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1997

Hemodynamic tolerance of intravascular contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Intravascular contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) facilitate the quantification of tissue perfusion. The authors determined the hemodynamic tolerance of these agents. METHODS: Doses of 0.05, 0.15, and 0.45 mmol/kg of the polymeric intravascular contrast agent gadolinium-DTPA-polylysine, and di-nitrobenzyl-gadolinium-DTPA, a non-polymeric intravascular contrast agent with high protein binding, and gadolinium-DTPA dimeglumine, a paramagnetic contrast agent with extracellular distribution, were injected into 18 normal male rats as a peripheral intravenous bolus. Systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic and developed pressure, positive rate of pressure change (+dP/dt), dP/dt, the rate-pressure product, and heart rate were recorded during a period of 20 minutes. Hemodynamic effects were established by analysis of variance for repeated measurements. RESULTS: There was a transient increase of all blood pressure parameters and contractility for Gd-DTPA-polylysine at the dose of 0.45 mmol/kg only. Di-nitrobenzyl-Gd-DTPA increased blood pressure parameters at 0.45 mmol/kg only. At doses of 0.05 and 0.15 mmol/kg, no significant hemodynamic effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The authors conclude that Gd-DTPA-polylysine is hemodynamically safe at doses to 0.15 mmol/kg and acts like a plasma expander at higher doses after peripheral bolus injection in normal rats. Additional investigations are indicated to elucidate the mechanism of a nonsignificant and satiable transient hemodynamic depression after injection of 0.05 mmol/kg DNB-Gd-DTPA.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Improved prediction formula for total body water assessment in obese women.

OBJECTIVE: To validate an improved formula for the calculation of total body water (TBW) from impedance values in obese women. SUBJECTS: A sample of 37 overweight females BMI ranging from 29.5 to 44.1 kg/m2. MEASUREMENTS: The reference measurements for TBW were obtained by deuterium oxide dilution. Body height (h), hip circumference (C) as well as body impedance at 100 kHz (Z100) were also measured. RESULTS: The values obtained for h, C and Z100 were introduced in the calculations and the following developed formula for total body water was determined: TBW = 0.069 [hC2/(4 pi .Z100)]+19.671. The validity of this formula was assessed through the statistical test of Bland and Altman which we also performed for other formulas containing the weight and/or the height. CONCLUSION: We found that the accuracy of the prediction of TBW by our formula, although lower than those formulas using body weight, is higher than that which takes into account only body height. We conclude that body volume, expressed through body height and hip circumference, is a good choice of parameter in bioelectrical impedance measurements. The new approach can be useful in clinical settings for repeated monitoring of obese women, during diet-restricted treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Comparison of body weight, body height and body fatness of Italian children aged 6-12 years with American standards.

World Health Organization has suggested that American standards may be adopted for use in countries where no local reference data are available. Since no locally accepted growth standard is available in Italy, this study investigated if American growth curves for weight, height and triceps skinfold (TSF) provide reliable values for Italian children. Weight, height and TSF were measured in 1273 Italian children (boys: 656, girls: 617) ranging in age from 6 to 12 years and their percentiles were compared with that provided by NCHS for American children. Despite some minor differences, it is shown that American standards can be used safely in Italian children aged from 6 to 12 years.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1993

Toward a client-centered understanding of drug treatment.

This article reports some of the results of a study of the content of drug treatment in New York City that is being conducted by Health/PAC's Drug Treatment Policy Project and funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. The research is led by a steering committee made up of clients of drug treatment services, providers and administrators of drug treatment programs, and legal and financial advocates for drug users. This article reflects 20 months of meetings and discussions by the steering committee; over 50 interviews with drug users, advocates, drug treatment providers, and program administrators about the experience, structure, and policies of drug treatment in New York City; and an analysis of the major evaluations of drug treatment services in New York City, supplemented by informal telephone surveys of facilities by staff. The Drug Treatment Policy Project has found services in New York City as a whole to be less than enlightened or adequate. But, in the course of the research, many programs were found to be both helpful and effective, mostly as a result of the efforts and personal risks taken by individuals who filled in gaps or by programs that, because they were community based, went to extraordinary efforts on behalf of their clients to make sure that a variety of options and services were available. We hope to outline these successes in another article.

Community Mental Health Services↗
PubMed1990

A thousand points ... needle exchange around the country.

Needle exchange in the United States is a part of the AIDS direct action movement. Activists around the country, refusing to wait for health officials to create AIDS interventions for drug users, have taken the task upon themselves. Prevention Point in San Francisco, the National AIDS Brigade in Boston, and ACT UP/New York all run illegal programs in their locales, and member of all three groups have been arrested for their work. Tacoma, Seattle, and New Haven now have authorized programs, but only after Dave Purchase in Tacoma, ACT UP Seattle, and the National AIDS Brigade and ACES in New Haven demonstrated that needle exchange was a viable and necessary public health intervention. Health/PAC here presents some of the stories from this citizen's health action movement.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical contribution to the problem of correlations between hereditary angioneurotic edema and pregnancy].

Hereditary angioneurotic edema (HAE) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by a deficiency of a complement regulatory protein, the C1INH.HAE is clinically characterized by recurrent, self-limited attacks of edema involving the extremities, face, upper respiratory tract or gastrointestinal tract. Pregnancy in a woman affected by HAE poses therapeutical problems. In fact, prophylactic treatment with danazole or tranexamic acid is control indicated in a pregnant woman. However HAE shows a favourable course in most cases and the delivery, despite the local trauma, is not usually associated with complications. But the occasional occurrence of local edema and the literature report of a death in postpartum, suggest the administration of purified C1INH prophylactically before the delivery. HAE, per sé, neither alters the evolution of pregnancy nor does foetus harm. The A. report on a 22-years old primigravida affected by HAE. She had no attack during the whole gestation, the delivery and the postpartum. She was given 1000 units of purified C1INH concentrate both four hours before the delivery and 24 hours after it.

Adult↗