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Biomedical subjects

R Soriano

Publications and source records attributed to R Soriano.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Photobiomodulation of pain and inflammation in microcrystalline arthropathies: experimental and clinical results.

OBJECTIVE: This article presents the results of laser therapy in crystal (hydroxyapatite, calcium pyrophosphate, and urates) deposition-induced arthritis in rats and the clinical applications in humans. BACKGROUND DATA: Microcrystalline arthropathies are prevalent among geriatric patients, who are more vulnerable to the side effects of drugs. The effectiveness of laser therapy for pain relief, free of side effects, has been reported in painful conditions. METHODS: Two milligrams of each of the above-mentioned crystals was injected in both joints of the back limbs in three groups of rats; these groups were then treated with laser irradiation. Three other groups received no treatment after the injections. We determined the plasmatic levels of inflammatory markers (fibrinogen, prostaglandin E2, and TNF(alpha)), tissues (prostaglandin E(2)) and conducted anatomopathological studies. Twenty-five patients with acute gout arthritis were randomized into two groups and treated over 5 days: group A, diclofenac 75 mg orally, twice a day; and group B, laser irradiation once a day. Forty-nine patients with knee chronic pyrophosphate arthropathy were randomized into two groups and treated over 21 days; group A, diclofenac 50 mg orally, twice a day; and group B, laser irradiation once a day. Thirty patients with shoulder chronic hydroxyapatite arthropathy were randomized into two groups and treated over 21 days; group A, diclofenac 50 mg orally, twice a day; and group B, laser irradiation once a day. RESULTS: Fibrinogen, prostaglandin E(2), and TNF(alpha) concentrations in the rats injected with crystals and treated with laser decreased significantly as compared with the groups injected with crystals without treatment. Both laser therapy and diclofenac achieved rapid pain relief in patients with acute gouty arthritis without significant differences in efficacy. Laser therapy was more effective than diclofenac in patients with chronic pyrophosphate arthropathy and in patients with chronic apatite deposition disease. CONCLUSION: Laser therapy represents an effective treatment in the therapeutic arsenal of microcrystalline arthropathies.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Hepatitis A seroprevalence in Navarra].

BACKGROUND: Determine the hepatitis A seroprevalence in Navarra. Because of the improvement in the hygienic-sanitary conditions, we hope to find a decline of the total prevalence. METHODS: Population and random sample of Navarra, obtained by stratified sampling with proportional allocation of sex, age, and area of health care: 1,440 individuals over 15 years of age. Detection of total antibodies by enzyme immunoassay of microparticles. RESULTS: Global seroprevalence: 79.24%. By age: 9.09% (16-19 years), 35.32% (20-29 years), 77.78% (30-39 years), 97.31% (40-49 years), 98.58% (50-59 years), 97.51% (60-69 years), 99.33% (70-79 years) and 100% (>79 years). By gender: 78.76% in men and 79.7% in women. Rural area 82.04% and urban area 75.77%. Areas of health care: Tafalla, 89.06%; Estella, 87.91%; Tudela, 82.88%; northern, 77.22%; Pamplona, 75.05%, and eastern, 70.97%. CONCLUSIONS: The global prevalence is 79.24% and increasing progressively with the age. Greater seroprevalence in rural areas and in people in contact with livestock. Characteristics of the persons with seroprevalence for HAV in Navarra: inhabitant of the average area, of rural area, with average age and in contact with livestock.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

A randomized comparative trial in order to assess the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of a new measles mumps rubella (MMR) vaccine when given as a first dose at 12-24 months of age.

An open, randomized multi-center trial, involving 700 infants, was conducted in order to compare a new measles mumps rubella (MMR) vaccine, SB MMR (containing a Jeryl Lynn derived mumps strain RIT 4385) with a widely used vaccine, Merck MMR, when given to children between 12-24 months. Infants were divided between 2 groups; group 1 received SB MMR while group 2 received Merck MMR. Solicited local and general symptoms were recorded using diary cards and antibody levels were measured using ELISA assays. There was a significantly lower incidence of redness (p < 0.001) and swelling (p = 0.03) observed in group 1 compared with group 2. The incidence of all other solicited local and general symptoms were comparable between groups. In initially seronegative subjects equivalent seroconversion rates and post-vaccination GMTs were observed between groups. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that SB MMR is safe and well tolerated when given to children at this age range, and has an equivalent immunogenic profile compared to the widely used Merck MMR vaccine.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1997

Fluorescent antinuclear antibody and anti-double-stranded DNA antibody testing: a four years experience.

Fluorescent antinuclear antibody test (FANA) and anti-double stranded deoxytribonucleic acid (dsDNA) antibody testing is an integral part of the evaluation of the patients who are suspected of having connective tissue disease. We tested 2,140 serum samples for FANA and 1,460 serum samples for anti-dsDNA antibodies. Of 2,140 serum samples tested for FANA, 492 (23%) yielded a positive result (titre of 1:80 or greater) and of 1,460 serum samples tested for anti-dsDNA, 69 (4.7%) yielded positive results. Highest number (n = 27) of serum samples positive for anti-dsDNA antibodies were found in serum samples that were positive for FANA test at a titre of 1:1280 or greater. In conclusion, FANA test can be used as an initial screening test for connective tissue/autoimmune disorders.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1995

Management protocol for unreamed interlocking tibial nails for open tibial fractures.

Over a 15-month period, 41 open grade I-IIIA tibia fractures were treated with unreamed interlocking nails. A protocol previously established by the authors to enhance fracture union was followed. The purpose of the study was to determine if union rate for the comminuted statically locked fracture could be reduced through early dynamization, bone grafting, or a combination of both. Of the 41 patients, 15 had grade I wounds, 12 had grade II wounds, and 14 had grade IIIA wounds. Fracture classification using the Orthopaedic Trauma Association Classification showed 19 42A fractures, 15 42B fractures, and seven 42C fractures. Fifteen of the 41 fractures required dynamization for rotational and axial stabilization. Of these 15 patients, five subsequently underwent dynamization only, six underwent autogenous bone grafting, and three underwent both dynamization and bone grafting, one of which also underwent exchange rodding. One patient underwent bone grafting and exchange rodding. Comparing the fractures of these 15 patients to similar fractures previously reported, union rate was reduced from 37 to 24 weeks. This was statistically significant to 0.002. It is the authors' recommendation that statically locked unreamed tibial nails be dynamized and/or bone grafted at 6-8 weeks postinjury to enhance union and reduce the time of fracture healing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Ultrasound, x-ray mammography, and histopathology of cystosarcoma phylloides.

Ultrasound and x-ray mammograms were obtained in 8 patients with palpable breast masses, which were subsequently proven to be cystosarcoma phylloides. Histopathologic examination of the 8 tumors showed benign cystosarcoma phylloides in 5, recurrent benign tumor in 1, coexistent invasive papillary carcinoma in 1, and coexistent in situ duct cancer and in situ lobular cancer in 1. A retrospective review of the B-scan images was undertaken to list the descriptive ultrasound features of cystosarcoma phylloides. The ultrasound findings included low-level internal echoes, smooth walls, and good through transmission. The carcinomas were indistinguishable from the benign lesions, although ultrasound was able to distinguish the cystosarcoma phylloides lesions as predominantly solid lobulated masses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

A new method of magnifying photographic images using the scanning electron microscope in the backscattered electron detection mode.

This paper describes a new method of magnifying small images in photographic film by means of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) operated in the backscattered electron detection mode. The study included tests of several types of radiographic film, transmission electron microscopy film, and black and white 35 mm film. The electron optical enlargement method is particularly useful in situations where the film sample is opaque to light and for generating enlarged images at magnifications beyond the reach of light optical enlargement methods, i.e. up to approximately 2000X with ease and rapidity in a single step. The electron optical enlargements compare favorably in contrast and detail with the enlargements made with a light microscope and with a darkroom enlarger.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1978

Display of epicardial ischemia by reduced nicotamide adenine dinucleotide fluorescence photography, electron microscopy, and ST segment mapping.

Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) fluorescence photography, a technique of assessing myocardial ischemia, was correlated with ischemia as identified by ST segment mapping and electron microscopy (EM) in 25 Langdneorff perfused rabbit hearts following coronary occlusion. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a component of the intramitochondrial electron transport chain, becomes reduced during periods of ischemia (NADH). NADH fluoresces when excited by ultraviolet light. NAD does not. All three techniques were compared to assess their resolution of the "border zone" between ischemia and nonischemic myocardium. The border zone defined by NADH fluorescence is 0.1 mm or less. Areas of high NADH fluorescence invariably revealed ST segment elevation, whereas minimally fluorescent areas did not. St segment mapping yields a border zone of approximately 7 mm. Areas of high NADH fluorescence following 1 hour of ischemia displayed severe damage on EM as compared to matched controls. A zone of intermediate ultrastructural damage is identified in a 1 mm biopsy taken between fluorescent and nonfluorescent myocardium. This evidence confirms epicardial NADH fluorescence photography as an assay of myocardial ischemia. This high resolution technique delineates a border zone of narrow dimensions as compared with ST segment mapping.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Epithelioid sarcoma: ultrastructural similarity to nodular synovitis.

The ultrastructure of nodular synovitis of the knee and epithelioid sarcoma of the hand are compared. Both lesions show a similar pattern of light and dark cells having filopodia and microvilli, an outer coat of finely granular matrix without well defined basal laminae, maculae adherentes and attachment sites, pinocytotic vesicles, cytoplasmic filaments and complex nuclear invaginations. These similarities suggest a common histogenesis and support the concept that the epithelioid sarcoma is derived from synovioblastic mesenchyme.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1976

Glucocorticoid protection of the myocardial cell membrane and the reduction of edema in experimental acute myocardial ischemia.

A possible protective effect of glucocorticoids on the ischemic myocardium was investigated in in situ dog hearts subjected to regional ischemia and in isolated rat hearts subjected to global ischemia. In the whole-animal preparation, the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was occluded for 3 hours, or for 2 1/2 hours followed by 30 minutes of reperfusion. Dexamethasone phosphate was randomly administered (20 mg. per kilogram intravenously) after 15 minutes of ischemia. Its effects were studied on the following: (1) myocardial cell membrane integrity, using electron microscopic examination of tissue biopsies treated with colloidal lanthanum; (2) myocardial water content, measuring the wet/dry weight of myocardial tissue; (3) ischemic injury, by a count of fuchsinophilic cells at light microscopy. In isolated rat hearts, ischemia was produced by a 60 per cent reduction of coronary flow. Randomized hearts were perfused for 2 hours with dexamethasone, 15 mg. per milliliter in buffered salt solution. Study included determination of tissue water content and coronary vascular resistance. Lanthanum was confined to the extracellular spaces in normal dog myocardium, but it was found all intracellularly after 3 hours of ischemia or after reperfusion. This was associated with morphologic changes characteristic of irreversible cell injury. In the hearts treated with dexamethasone, lanthanum remained excluded from the cells, water content was less (p less than 0.005), and fuchsinophilia less severe (p less than 0.005). Likewise, water content was less (p less than 0.005) and the increase in coronary vascular resistance resulting from ischemia less severe (p less than 0.005) in the dexamethasone-treated isolated rat hearts. Thus dexamethasone administered in pharmacologic doses, early, appeared to stabilize the cell membrane, limit myocardial edema, and reduce the severity of injury, both during ischemia and upon reperfusion.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Syringe feeding: current clinical practice and recommendations.

In a survey of directors of nursing services of 101 nursing homes, it was found that 17 homes still used syringes to feed some of their frail residents. Three of these 17 facilities did not have easy access to speech pathologists, and the facility feeding the greatest number of residents by syringe did not use the services of a speech pathologist to assess swallowing. The practice of syringe feeding seems to be going out of favor, but until this practice is no longer used it is hoped that the recommendations in this article will increase the knowledge and awareness of professional nurses, who are often instrumental in coordinating the difficult and complex decision to syringe feed.

Aged↗