PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Spoerl

Publications and source records attributed to R Spoerl.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1977

A comparative view on trace elements and growth.

The term 'essentiality' of trace elements is interpreted. The major human diseases due to trace element deficience (Fe, Cu, Zn, Cr) are briefly considered. In growing animals the first clinical deficiency symptom most often is a growth retardation. In order to diagnose a deficient situation before the manifestation of clinical symptoms, model studies with growing animals are presented to show criteria that respond sensitively even to suboptimum intake of trace elements (Zn, Cu, Fe, Ni). Activity measurements of enzymes and hormones are found suitable. During the phase of reproduction, which is closely associated with growth, the trace element concentration in milk may provide an additional diagnostic means. In conclusion, the problems of diagnosing the supply status are discussed. A possibility for determination of the trace element requirement is indicated.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Cu requirement of pregnant and lactating rats].

Trials with graded Cu supplementation were carried out to establish the minimum and optimum Cu demands of pregnant, lactating and non-pregnants rats. The rats were investigated for the rate of live weight gains of the dams and young rats, for the number of stillbirths and, in particular, for the Cu status in the liver, body and blood serum of the animals and for coeruloplasmin activity. All Cu values obtained from the organs investigated had reached a saturation level at 8 mug Cu/g diet with the exception of the values for body Cu found in the dams that were killed on the day of delivery. The same results were obtained, for the above criteria, with lactating rats. So, it may be concluded that pregnant and lactating rats receive an optimum supply of Cu when they are fed a starch + casein diet containing 8 ppm Cu. For non-pregnant female rats, the limits that might be regarded as adequate were even below the 8 ppm level of dietary Cu. The saturation level for Cu was also found to be dependent, in regard of the criteria investigated, on the physiological state of the animals. It was found that, on the day of parturition, the level of Cu concentration and coeruloplasmin activity in the serum of the dams and the Cu content in the liver of the new-born rats were the best indicators for the state of Cu supply to the dams. However, after a sucking period of 17 days, the level of total Cu content in the dams was found to respond very sensitively to changes in the Cu supply.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Cu concentration in the milk of rats receiving diets with varying Cu content].

2 trials were conducted with female rats to investigate in which way the level of dietary Cu influenced the level of Cu concentrations in rat milk. The trials were made to establish whether data on the Cu content of milk might be used as indication of the level and state of Cu supply to the animal. In the period of colostrum formation the Cu content of the milk was shown to be clearly dependent on the level of dietary Cu. In later periods of lactation Cu concentrations in the milk (from 2 mg of Cu per kg of diet) were found to be unaffected by the Cu content of the diet. Constant Cu concentrations of between 2.5 to 3.0 mg per kg of milk were noted in this period. It was only in cases of extreme Cu deficiency (0.5 mg/kg of diet) that soon after parturition the Cu values decreased to and remained at a very low level of 1 mg per kg of milk. Generally, colostrum contained 4-6 times more Cu than ordinary milk (in all groups).

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗