[Diagnosis of arterio-portal shunts in the liver using pulsed and color-coded Doppler sonography].
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
R Stiglbauer
Publications and source records attributed to R Stiglbauer.
[CT before and after liver transplantation].
In our retrospective study, we evaluated the role of CT in cases of liver transplantation. 118 examinations (37 pre- and 81 post-operative) were carried out in 46 transplant recipients. Pre-operatively CT was used to exclude retroperitoneal secondary lesions, although ultrasound was superior in the region of the porta hepatis. Patency of the portal vein can be established by means of duplex sonography and CT. Portography is indicated only in exceptional circumstances. Post-operative complications (abscesses, hematomas, infarcts) can be demonstrated by CT. CT-guided fine needle biopsies and percutaneous drainage can be carried out post-operatively, even under difficult conditions. Liver cell necrosis, if extensive, represents a serious risk to transplant survival. CT may clarify this, while other problems and differential diagnosis may be solved by angiography.
Adult↗
[Duplex sonography in the assessment of normal flow relations in the transplanted kidney].
26 patients with normal renal transplants were examined by means of duplex sonography to define normal blood flow parameters. The renal blood flow pattern showed in each segment of the renal arteries a rapid upslope in systole followed by graduate downslope in the early diastole with persistent flow throughout the diastole. There was no significant difference between the main renal artery and the three different orders of intrarenal arteries. Mistakes can be made due to flow disturbance from turbulences at the anastomosis or by obtaining signals from other vessels located near the renal parenchyma. Several (at least two) arterial signals should be obtained by aligning the transducer along the axis of the transplant renal artery and renal parenchyma. Only the strongest signals should be recorded.
Adult↗
[Diagnostic value of ultrasound in malignant melanoma].
High-resolution real-time sonography enables visualisation of the morphology of the cutis and of cutaneous tumours. Evaluation of 26 malignant melanomas showed that there is a high degree of correlation between the sonographically measured values of maximal tumour thickness with those determined postoperatively by histometry. As malignant melanomas have very few internal echos, they can be easily differentiated from benign tumours. High-resolution sonography is thus the only diagnostic imaging method which helps to evaluate preoperatively malignant melanomas.
Adult↗
[Magnetic resonance tomography in the diagnosis of cerebral space occupying lesions].
197 primary and secondary cerebral tumours as well as tumour-like lesions are described. T2 and T1-weighted images were obtained. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers advantages in localisation and tissue characterisation. Localisation is improved by the ability to obtain axial, coronal or sagittal images and by the absence of artifacts due to bone in lesions in the posterior fossa. A significant advantage is the excellent contrast resolution of soft tissue. On the basis of our experience, we present an overview of the most common brain tumours using MRI.
Astrocytoma↗
A new transducer technology--the annular phased array: comparison with a conventional mechanically rotating sector transducer: the upper abdomen.
During a 3-month period, 285 patients underwent ultrasonographic examination of the upper abdomen. Scanning was done with a new annular phased array transducer, and a conventional rotating sector transducer. Our study indicates that the annular phased array is more effective for outlining boundaries of the liver, spleen and pancreas in the near and far field. Owing to improved lateral resolution, the new technology permits US imaging of parenchymal organs, even in cases of severe bowel gas obscuration.
Abdomen↗
[Comparison of the value of general and oblique images and whole lung tomography in a high kilovoltage technic in the detection of pulmonary coin lesions].
The ranking of high kvp pa. and lateral chest x-ray, left and right oblique films and whole lung tomography in the detection of pulmonary coin-shaped lesions is compared. Out of a total number of 327 coin lesions in 115 patients detected by high kvp whole lung tomography, only 52% were found on pa and lateral chest films. Additional oblique films improved the score to 64%. Oblique films proved to be especially helpful in detecting pleural lesions. Although CT has a higher sensitivity in detecting nodules (with decreasing specificity) whole lung tomography will continue to play an important role in the management of tumour patients.
Diagnosis, Differential↗
[Annular phased array--initial experiences with a new transducer technology].
During a 3 month period 177 patients underwent sonographic examinations of the upper abdomen. Scanning was performed with a new annular phased array transducer and with a conventional rotating sector transducer. Our study indicates that the annular array is more effective for outlining boundaries of the liver, spleen and pancreas in the near and far zones. Due to the better lateral resolution the new technology permits sonographic imaging of parenchymal organs even in cases of severe obscuration by bowel gas.
Abdomen↗
Asymptomatic cholangitis with the acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome. Clinical and diagnostic features.
A case of hepatobiliary involvement in a 36-year-old man with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is presented.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
[Sonography of superficial areas using a silicone elastomer block].
The use of an echo-free silicone block instead of a conventional water bath to assess superficial structures is described. The block is easy to handle; echo reverberations can be avoided.
Breast Diseases↗
[Real-time sonography in the diagnosis and follow-up of malignant tongue tumors. I. Anatomic basis].
Normal structures of the tongue and floor of the mouth were studied using anatomic sections cut with a stainless steel band saw. The sections were performed on the same planes as used in US and CT scanning. The ultrasound studies were carried out with 20 young and healthy volunteers. CT images were obtained from head/neck preparations that were subsequently used for anatomic sectioning. On comparing these sections to US and CT images, normal structures including intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles, vessels and salivary glands were identified. Knowledge of the anatomic landmarks is mandatory for optimal US image reading.
Adolescent↗
[On a new possibility in the management of exudative radiodermatitis].
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Aged↗
Magnetic resonance imaging of absent pulmonary valve syndrome.
A neonate with absent pulmonary valve syndrome was examined by means of echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI provided an excellent evaluation of the intracardial morphology, vessel anatomy, mediastinal structures, and shunt flow; and it was superior to echocardiography for detection of aortopulmonary collaterals and vessel abnormalities. This case report of an uncommon cardiac abnormality confirms that MRI is a useful complementary modality to echocardiography in neonates and is recommended for problems with central pulmonary vessels and their relation to tracheobronchial structures.
Echocardiography↗
Extra-CNS metastases of glioblastoma: CT and MR studies.
The case of a 29-year-old man with glioblastoma and multiple metastases outside the CNS is presented. Cervical lymph node involvement was ascertained with CT and magnetic resonance (MR), and numerous bone metastases were detected with skeletal scintigraphy. The extent of the cervical tumor and its relationship to the carotid artery could be better assessed with MR than with CT. The patient died despite repeat operations, radiotherapy, and intraarterial systemic chemotherapy. The importance of radiological screening for detecting glioblastoma metastases in patients with long survival is discussed.
Adult↗
MRI in the diagnosis of primary lymphoma of bone: correlation with histopathology.
Seven patients with primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the skeleton were examined with MRI. The results were compared to "small cell" primary malignant bone tumors. The latter showed marked hyperintensity on SE T2-weighted images; in contrast, the lymphomas appeared as inhomogeneous lesions of low signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Histologic examination with silver stains of specimens of these lesions revealed a high content of fibrous tissue, which could explain the signal behavior on MR. All seven lymphomas were located in the epiphysis or metaphysis of the appendicular skeleton; intraarticular tumor growth was demonstrated in five cases.
Adolescent↗
MR contrast arthrography (MRA) in osteochondrosis dissecans.
Osteochondrosis dissecans (OCD) is a lesion that characteristically affects the articular cartilage and subchondral bone with the potential of fragmentation and separation. Exact assessment of cartilaginous and subchondral bony changes is mandatory for the planning of adequate treatment. Therefore, we examined 25 knees using spin echo (SE) and gradient echo (GE) sequences on a 1.5 T superconducting unit prior to and following intraarticular administration of 40 ml of a 2 mmol/L Gd-DTPA solution (MR arthrography). For evaluation (staging) a modified Clanton and DeLee scheme was employed. Verification by arthroscopy or arthrotomy was available in 24 cases. A correct diagnosis of OCD with regard to its type prior to intraarticular injection of Gd-DTPA was possible in 39.3% using T1-weighted SE sequences and in 57.4% on GE sequences. After intraarticular administration of Gd-DTPA, the rate of correct diagnoses improved to 92.9% on T1-weighted SE sequences and 100% on GE sequences. Magnetic resonance arthrography appears to be helpful for the exact assessment of the articular cartilage overlying OCD lesions as well as for the differentiation between partial and complete separation of cartilaginous or osteocartilaginous fragmentations.
Adolescent↗
CT and MR accuracy in the detection of tumor recurrence in patients treated for ovarian cancer.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the accuracy of clinical examinations (palpation/determination of serum tumor-associated antigen CA125 level), CT, and MRI in the detection of tumor recurrence in patients with treated ovarian cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four patients who had been treated for ovarian carcinoma were prospectively examined by clinical means (palpation/serum tumor-associated antigen CA125 level), CT, and MRI to assess their accuracy in detecting recurrent disease; results were correlated with surgical/bioptic/pathoanatomic findings. Nine patients had relapse; 15 women were disease-free. RESULTS: Examinations were true-negative in 14 patients (on palpation/CA125, CT, and MRI) and true-positive in 9 on palpation/CA125, in 6 on CT, and in 7 patients on MRI. False-positive examinations occurred in one patient on palpation/CA125, CT, and MRI and false-negative in zero on palpation/CA125, in three on CT, and in two on MRI, a sensitivity of 100% for palpation/CA125, 66.6% for CT, and 77.7% for MRI and a specificity of 93.3% for palpation/CA125, CT, and MRI. Accuracy of palpation/CA125 examinations was 95.8% in comparison with 83.3% for CT and 87.5% for MRI. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that in the follow-up of ovarian cancer patients, assessment of serum tumor-associated antigen CA125 level is accurate in the determination of patients with tumor recurrence. Computed tomography is the primary imaging modality to prove macroscopic disease recurrence and can spare these patients from invasive restaging second-look laparotomy; MRI should be performed in women with questionable macroscopic recurrent tumor and negative CT examination. Neither CT nor MRI can confidently exclude microscopic disease.
Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗