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Biomedical subjects

R T Daniel

Publications and source records attributed to R T Daniel.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Unusual MR presentation of cerebral parenchymal tuberculosis.

The radiological abnormalities reported in CNS tuberculosis and their pathological correlates are discussed. Focal tuberculous involvement of the CNS without formation of tuberculoma is rare. The MR features in this case were also distinctly unusual for CNS tuberculosis. Therefore, histological confirmation of all lesions thought to be a low grade glioma is mandatory.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed2002

Skull base chondroblastoma: a case report.

Chondroblastoma is a rare tumor of the skull. Temporal bone is the commonest site of involvement in the skull. We present a thirty one year old man who presented with painless swelling over the left temporal bone, which was near totally excised after preoperative embolization. Management of this unusual tumor and its complications are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Hemispherotomy for paediatric hemispheric epilepsy.

We present here the results of our series of peri-insular hemispherotomy for intractable hemispheric epilepsy. There were 6 children in this series with a mean age of 10.2 years and mean duration of seizures of 7.2 years. The seizure results were excellent in all children and they also showed significant improvement in functional status. This procedure has significant advantages when compared to other forms of hemispherectomy. However, a larger experience with longer periods of follow-up is needed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Spontaneous intraventricular rupture of craniopharyngioma cyst.

BACKGROUND: Rupture of a cystic craniopharyngioma is a rare phenomenon. The rupture of the cyst causes decompression of the adjacent neural structures resulting in spontaneous improvement of the visual symptoms or level of sensorium. The leakage of its contents into the subarachnoid space gives rise to meningismus. We report an extremely rare phenomenon of an intraventricular rupture of a cystic craniopharyngioma, which resulted in acute neurological deterioration and chemical ventriculitis. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 38-year-old lady presented with a 1-year history of frontal lobe dysfunction and bilateral primary optic atrophy. The CT scan showed a multi-loculated, hyperdense lesion in the region of the third ventricle and suprasellar cistern. She suffered acute deterioration of neurological status; computed tomography (CT) scan showed a hypodense lesion in the suprasellar cistern with persistent hydrocephalus. She was treated with ventricular drainage, steroids and anticonvulsants. Ventricular fluid showed high cholesterol and LDH levels. The diagnosis of craniopharyngioma was subsequently verified histologically. CONCLUSIONS The intraventricular rupture of a cystic craniopharyngioma can result in acute clinical deterioration and morbidity because of chemical ventriculitis. This is unlike the rupture in the subarachnoid space or sphenoid sinus which usually results in symptomatic improvement, although chemical meningitis may occur. This rare phenomenon should be recognized, and prompt ventricular drainage is advised. The literature is reviewed, and management of this condition is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Extradural endodermal cyst of posterior fossa: case report, review of the literature, and embryogenesis.

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Posterior fossa endodermal cysts are rare. They are located in the midline, in ventral or ventrolateral locations, or intrinsic to the neural axis. Accordingly, various theories of embryogenesis have been proposed. We report the first case of an extradural, dorsolaterally situated endodermal cyst. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: An adult male patient presented with a short history of headache and cerebellar ataxia. Neuroimaging revealed an extra-axial cystic posterior fossa mass. INTERVENTION: An entirely extradural cyst was found and was totally excised. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of endodermal cyst. CONCLUSION: The extradural, dorsal location of the endodermal cyst suggests gaps at the cranial end of the notochord causing ectodermal-endodermal adhesions during early gastrulation and the persistence of endodermal remnants in the dorsal mesenchyme of the blastemal cranium. The literature is reviewed, and proposed theories of embryogenesis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Epilepsy surgery : overview Of forty years experience.

Although many patients with epilepsy achieve control of their seizures with medication, a substantial number ultimately develop intractable epilepsy. Patients with intractable epilepsy form the group for whom surgical procedures may be beneficial. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical profile and outcome of 141 patients operated for intractable epilepsy at Vellore between 1949 and 1990. The operative procedures done for suprasylvian epilepsy were topectomy (24 cases) and lobectomy (2 cases). For temporal lobe epilepsy the surgical procedures done were topectomy (28 cases), temporal lobectomy with amygdalectomy (25 cases), temporal lobectomy with amygdalectomy and hippocampectomy (10 cases), amygdalectomy (15 cases) and topectomy with amygdalectomy in one case. Hemispherectomy was done for 12 cases with multilobe epilepsy. For multifocal epilepsy, four patients underwent stereotactic ansotomy. Post operative complications included infections (10 cases) and acute post operative haematoma in one patient. There was transient neurological deterioration in ten patients. Three patients operated prior to 1960 died due to peri operative complications. Follow up data of 80 patients, ranging from 1 to 42 years (mean 10 years) was analysed. Total or near total seizure control was obtained in 53% patients and a worthwhile outcome in 20% patients. Mental retardation, pre operative scalp electroencephalography and post excision electrocorticography has been shown to be predictors of outcome with respect to seizures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Preliminary studies on the measurement of conjunctival oxygen tension in the foal.

The capability of a transconjunctival oxygen monitoring system to provide an accurate and reliable means of observing arterial oxygenation trends was evaluated in 12 horse and pony foals between 5 and 20 days of age. Ten of the foals were anesthetized with isoflurane in oxygen and nitrous oxide, and 2 foals were conscious. Inspired oxygen concentration was manipulated by differing proportions of oxygen and nitrous oxide in the fresh gas supplied to the breathing circuit. With arterial oxygen tension values ranging from less than 20 to greater than 400 mm of Hg, all foals had significant positive correlations between arterial and conjunctival oxygen tensions (P less than 0.001). Although the system seemed accurate and reliable, monitoring oxygenation in awake and mobile foals may require a ring conformer made to fit the foal's eye.

Animals↗