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R Tanabe

Publications and source records attributed to R Tanabe.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Posttraumatic acute cholecystitis. Relationship to the initial trauma.

Posttraumatic acute cholecystitis is an often unrecognized and potentially fatal complication seen among patients hospitalized for trauma, and differs in etiology from cholecystitis which develops de novo. The cause, although not yet clearly defined, is believed to be related to bile stasis, ischemia, bacterial infection, sepsis, the activation of factor XII, and the Shwarzman reaction. A case is described in which a 53-year-old man with pelvic fractures developed acute acalculous cholecystitis and died of multiple organ failure 3 weeks following cholecystectomy. The histopathological findings are also reported; these are most likely attributed to the Shwarzman reaction or the activation of the factor XII pathways. There has been a tendency to regard posttraumatic acute acalculous cholecystitis as induced by trauma, and calculous as mere coincidence. We believe, however, that it is not calculous but histopathological findings that determine whether acute cholecystitis following trauma was more than coincidence or just mere coincidence. Although progress in clinical care has improved the chances of survival of severely traumatized patients, posttraumatic acute cholecystitis has been increasing in frequency. We cannot be careful enough in judging the relationship of this fatal complication to the initial trauma.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

A high-affinity cytosol binding protein for 1 alpha,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in the uterus of Japanese quail.

Cytosol fractions prepared from the uterine mucosa of egg-laying Japanese Quail were analysed for binding of the metabolites of cholecalciferol. When the uterus was incubated at 37 degrees C with various radioactive metabolites of cholecalciferol, the nuclear fraction incorporated only 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy[3H]cholecalciferol. When the uterus was incubated at 0 degree C with 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy[3H]cholecalciferol, most of the radioactivity was found in the cytosol. Translocation of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy[3H]cholecalciferol from the cytosol to the nucleus was temperature-dependent. The addition of 100-fold excess amounts of unlabelled 1 alpha-25-dihydroxycholecalciferol significantly diminished the nuclear binding of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy[3H]cholecalciferol. The cytosol fraction contained a 3.5 S macromolecule that specifically binds 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy[3H]cholecalciferol. The dissociation constant was 0.39 nM and the maximal binding was 55 fmol/mg of protein. These results strongly suggest that the uterus in egg-laying birds is a target organ or 1 alpha,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of dialysate glucose on phagocyte superoxide generation in CAPD patients.

OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we investigated the influence of dialysate glucose on superoxide (O2-) generation by peripheral and peritoneal phagocytes in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. DESIGN: Peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) and mononuclear leukocytes (MNL), and peritoneal cells were isolated from peripheral blood and peritoneal effluents, respectively, and their oxidative metabolism was assessed by measuring O2- generation after stimulation with a soluble stimulant [phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), 1 mg/mL, Sigma Chemical, St. Louis, MO, U.S.A.] using the chemiluminescence method. Dialysate glucose effect on O2- generation was also studied in vitro by exposing peripheral PMNL and MNL from healthy controls to peritoneal dialysis fluid (PDF) containing glucose or amino acids at a neutral pH for different time periods. RESULTS: The amount of O2- generation by both peripheral and peritoneal phagocytes in CAPD patients was significantly higher than that in the control, and the response was greater in patients who were dialyzed with high glucose dialysate than those using low glucose dialysate. In an in vitro study, all incubated cells, except the control, showed suppression of O2- generation in the early dwell time (2 hr), and subsequently showed increased responses (peaking at 6 hr), although lower in degree than those observed in vivo. In contrast, amino acid-based PDF exhibited no such effect on O2- generation at identical pH with similar or lower osmolality. Furthermore, the respective increased or decreased oxidative responses with the increased or decreased PDF glucose concentrations in the same patient confirmed the positive effect of PDF glucose on phagocyte O2- generation. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that increased O2- generation by peritoneal and circulating phagocytes in CAPD patients is at least partly due to the enhancement of hexose monophosphate shunt activity by increasing glucose metabolism in phagocytes, and the increased O2- generation might be involved in long-term complications of CAPD. Therefore, a suitable alternative osmotic agent is needed to provide a more physiological environment to minimize the adverse effects of glucose on cell functions.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Swallowing apnea in adults].

We have studied the swallowing apnea in 66 persons. Five were laryngectomized. We analysed 1916 breathing/swallowing correlation charts, 109 in laryngectomized and 1807 in not laryngectomized persons. The correlation charts were done using a piezoelectric and thermistor register coupled to a manometric system developed by Synetics Medical interfaced to a microcomputer running software Polygram upper 4.21. Our observation allows us to conclude that: 1. the swallowing apnea has not the same reflex path of the breathing interruption that occurs when a foreign body stimulates the laryngeal receptors; 2. the swallowing apnea installation is not dependent on the laryngeal structures; 3. the swallowing apnea and rima glottidis closure, that occur in the same moment, are correlated phenomena, but are a distinct part of the airway protective mechanisms; and 4. even though the swallowing apnea can occur in every moment of the breathing cycle, it occurs more frequently at the end of expiratory and beginning of the inspiratory phase of breathing cycle; it is usually continued by a complementary expiration. We believe that the less lung volume is the basic condition to the establishment of the more frequent kind of swallowing apnea reflex.

Adult↗