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R Tenaglia

Publications and source records attributed to R Tenaglia.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin potentiates monocyte responses to lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1, but not interleukin-6 in bladder cancer patients.

During the past decade, particular attention has been focused on treatment of bladder cancer patients with the bacterial agent bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). In these studies, bladder cancer patients were instilled with BCG (75 mg/50 ml) once per week for 6 weeks, 1-2 weeks following trans-urethral resection of the bladder. Cystoscopy was performed after 6 weeks and, unless tumor progression was present, monthly treatments were given for 1 year. Blood was drawn 2 h after the last instillation, and monocytes were isolated (5 x 10(6) cells/ml) and treated, or not, with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (20 microgram/ml) for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) release. The levels of monokines were determined by a monokine-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our results clearly show that, after 18 h incubation, macrophages from BCG-treated bladder cancer patients produced from 2.8- to 1.9-fold and from 2.0- to 1.3-fold greater amounts of TNF alpha and IL-1 alpha respectively, compared to macrophages from healthy controls, 5-fold higher than bladder cancer patients not treated with BCG. IL-6 was not affected. In another set of experiments macrophages (5 x 10(6) cells/ml) from healthy subjects were pretreated, or not, with BCG (100 micrograms/ml) overnight and treated, or not, with LPS 20 microgram/ml alone and in combination with interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) 250 ng/ml. Macrophages treated with BCG had a strong stimulatory effect on IL-1 alpha release (9.45 ng/ml) while LPS was less effective (3.59 ng/ml). The combination of BCG plus LPS produced an additive effect on IL-1 alpha release (13.71 ng/ml) compared to the effect of the compound alone. The addition of IL-1ra (250 ng/ml) to BCG was not effective, while when IL-1ra was added to BCG plus LPS only a partial inhibition of IL-1 alpha release was found (9.83 ng/ml), compared to BCG plus LPS without IL-1ra (13.71 ng/ml). These effects seem to be related to the inhibition of IL-1 alpha stimulated with LPS, but not BCG. The priming effect of BCG exerted on LPS-stimulated monocyte production of TNF alpha and IL-1 alpha from bladder cancer patients led us to study the possible modulation of fibrinogen and C-reactive protein in the serum of BCG-treated cancer patients. The plasma levels of fibrinogen and C-reactive protein were higher (approximately twice) in BCG-treated patients compared to values obtained in untreated patients or healthy controls. We conclude that the beneficial immunotherapeutic effects of BCG in bladder cancer patients are related to its capacity to prime macrophages to enhance the release of TNF alpha and IL-1 alpha, but not IL-6 in response to physiological secondary stimuli, or through the direct stimulation of BCG on IL-1 alpha or TNF alpha, which are directly involved in the killing of cancer cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1993

DNA and S-phase fraction analysis by flow cytometry in prostate cancer. Clinicopathologic implications.

BACKGROUND: Available prognostic factors for prostate cancer have not been proven consistently useful. The authors evaluated the prognostic value of DNA analysis by flow cytometry (FCM) in prostate cancer. METHODS: Paraffin-embedded tumor specimens taken at tru-cut biopsy or transurethral resection (TURP) from 81 patients with prostate cancer were analyzed for DNA content and S-phase fraction (SPF) by FCM according to the method of Hedley et al (1983). RESULTS: Thirty-five of the 63 (55.5%) evaluable DNA histograms had a diploid pattern, 18 (28.5%) a distinct aneuploid peak, and 10 (16%) a tetraploid pattern. An association was established between DNA ploidy abnormalities and Gleason score (P < 0.04) or presence of metastases at diagnosis (P < 0.0002). At Kaplan-Meier analysis, overall survival was significantly longer (P < 0.0002) in patients with diploid than in those with nondiploid tumors. Among patients with different risk categories, i.e. tumor size, Gleason score, and metastases at presentation, ploidy improved the detection of patients with poorer survival, with the exception of those with T1-T2 tumors. Cox regression analysis showed that ploidy was significantly related to survival. Bivariate models containing ploidy and SPF or Gleason score had a predictive value similar to that including all variables. CONCLUSION: The study data show that DNA ploidy provides additional prognostic information in patients with locally advanced or metastatic prostatic cancer. The role of SPF remains to be established.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1993

[Androgen deprivation in benign prostatic hypertrophy].

Benign prostatic hypertrophy is the cause of urinary outflow obstruction in the majority of men older than 50 years. Even if the pathophysiology of BPH is multifactorial, its development needs testicular androgens and aging. Androgen deprivation is the only approach that may reduce the hyperplastic state. This article reviews the endocrine aspect of BPH and the various hormonal treatment strategies, concerning clinical efficacy and side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Glutathione transferase isoenzymes in normal and neoplastic human kidney tissue.

Glutathione transferase (GST) activity in the cytosolic fractions of renal cortex tumour was found to be significantly lower (215 +/- 156 mU/mg) than that present in the corresponding non-tumour (466 +/- 278 mU/mg) tissues. Using the immunoblotting technique, glutathione transferase isoenzymes expression in both tumour and non-tumour kidney was investigated. Alpha and pi class glutathione transferases were the most abundant enzymes in non-tumour kidney and were expressed by all samples investigated. Immunofluorescence analysis indicated that the pi class enzymes are localized mainly in the distal convoluted tubules, whereas alpha class enzymes are localized in the proximal tubules. In the tumour moiety the alpha class GST appears to be absent or expressed at low level as compared with non-tumour samples. On the contrary, no significant differences in the expression of pi class GST were found in tumour as compared with non-tumour tissues. Mu class GST protein was detected in 12 of 26 samples tested. When present, mu class GST constitutes a few per cent of total GST protein. Immunofluorescence studies indicate that mu class GSTs are localized within the distal convoluted tubules. According to the electrophoretic mobility at least two different mu GST subunits (26.5 and 27.5 kd) were found. In one sample only the faster mu class GST subunit was present, two samples expressed both types of GST subunits, whereas nine samples expressed only the slower GST subunit. With the exception of one sample, a reduction of mu class GST expression was seen in tumour as compared with non-tumour tissues. The decrease of activity seen in the cytosolic fraction of tumour kidney must be ascribed mainly to a reduction or to a lack of expression of alpha class GST and to a lesser extent of mu class GST.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Incidental prostatic carcinoma: four-year follow-up after treatment with cyproterone acetate.

This report is a retrospective clinical randomized study carried out on 114 cases of incidental prostatic carcinoma aged 55-87 years, 58 untreated and 56 treated with cyproterone acetate (CPA 200 mg/day) for 6 months, immediately after surgery. 78 cases were staged A1 and the remaining 36 A2. In stage A1, 75 cases were histologically graded G1, and 3 G2, whereas in stage A2, 7 cases were G1, 19 G2 and 10 G3. Moreover, flow cytometric DNA analysis showed in A1 20 G1 carcinomas with nuclear diploidy and 3 G2 with nuclear aneuploidy, in stage A2, 4 G3 tumors with nuclear aneuploidy. During the 4-year follow-up, 25/28 patients of the untreated group and 15/56 of the CPA-treated group were found in progression. In A1, progression was found in 6/37 untreated patients and 5/41 CPA-treated, whilst in A2 progression was observed in 19/21 untreated patients and in 10/15 treated with CPA. The critical period for progression was between the 2nd and 3rd year of follow-up. In A1, therefore, 6 months of therapy with CPA does not modify the progression rate, which is significantly improved in A2 (66% in the treated and 90% in the untreated group) during the first 30 months of follow-up. The prognosis may probably be further improved by continuing endocrine therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Etiology of bladder cancer].

Multiple agents have been suggested as urinary bladder carcinogens. Of these, certain aromatic amines and some tryptophan metabolites (Anthranilic acid, 3 hydroxy Anthranilic acid) have been proved to be carcinogenic. Others are suggested but are not conclusively proved as carcinogenic agents. Various animal species have been used as experimental models for the study of induction of cancer of the bladder and substantial progress has been made in the search for etiologic factors and pathogenesis of bladder tumors. A carcinogenic model of cancer bladder induction is proposed. However, knowledge of the tumorigenesis of cancer of the bladder is still limited and fragmentary. It appears, however, that Tryptophan dysmetabolism play a major role in this field and future experimental and epidemiologic studies should take this fact into consideration.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Median sternotomy for resection of lung metastases.

Three patients operated upon via median sternotomy for resection of bilateral lung metastases are presented. 2 show no evidence of disease 30 and 42 months after operation, one died 10 months after surgery. The literature on the subject is reviewed; median sternotomy is considered a quick, safe and reliable route, indicated when resection of bilateral lung metastases is to be carried out.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Stage P-1 primary neoplasia of the bladder. Critical evaluation of results obtained with the use of adriamycin and mitomycin C in the prevention of recurrences].

However adequately treated, surface carcinomas of the bladder recur sooner or later with infiltration found in about 10% of cases. Any development that may offer therapeutic progress and reduce the incidence of recurrences is therefore of primary importance. Two homogeneous groups of patients were selected for the present study: 35 were given Adriamycin and 25 Mitomycin C. In evaluating results, the incidence of recurrences in relation to the primary neoplasia and the existence of single or multiple tumors was analysed. It is concluded that Mitomycin C in association with either T.U.R. or T.V.R. is a particularly useful and indubitably effective form of topical chemotherapy in cases of single or multiple primary neoplasias.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1982

Age-adjusted mortality rate and regional distribution for prostatic carcinoma in Italy between 1969 and 1978.

The age-adjusted mortality rate for prostatic carcinoma in Italy between 1969 and 1978 was calculated, as was the regional distribution for this disease. An overall increase in mortality was found, but the increase of the age-adjusted data was not statistically significant. The regional distribution of age-adjusted mortality rate showed a difference between northern and southern Italy, even when errors that can affect these findings were taken into consideration. At present, however, the size of these errors is not known. Such factors should not, however, prevent development of useful information and indications, but they should not be overlooked in an analytical interpretation of the data.

Adult↗