PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Toshima

Publications and source records attributed to R Toshima.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Changes in renal function with aging among Japanese.

Renal function was assessed in 329 inpatients who were presumably free of renal disease or water-electrolyte imbalance and the relationship between renal function and aging and sexual differences were investigated. Serum creatinine levels were slightly increased with aging, and were significantly higher in males than in females. Urinary creatinine excretion significantly decreased with aging; this decline was more pronounced in males. Urinary creatinine excretion was significantly higher in males. Creatinine clearance also decreased significantly with aging and this tendency was still observed after correction for body surface area. Sexual differences played no part in creatinine clearance. There was a significant increase in the serum beta 2-microglobulin level with aging. In addition, the Cer of the aged Japanese population was lower in comparison with western counterpart. The findings suggest the need for special consideration in conducting clinical tests or administering drugs to this segment of the population in Japan.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

Myasthenia gravis associated with Addison's disease.

Idiopathic Addison's disease developed in a 52-year-old female with a 15-year history of myasthenia gravis. The association of myasthenia gravis with other autoimmune diseases is well known, however an association with Addison's disease is rare. It was speculated that the development of Addison's disease in this patient might have been due to common immunological abnormalities underlying these two diseases. We report this case and briefly discuss the pathogenetic mechanism of this association.

Addison Disease↗
PubMed1993

A case of pheochromocytoma of the urinary bladder in a long-term hemodialysis patient.

The development is reported of a pheochromocytoma of the urinary bladder in a 33-year-old patient with systemic lupus erythematosus who had undergone long-term hemodialysis. A hypertensive episode followed by defecation was demonstrated by the monitoring of blood pressure with a portable automated sphygmomanometer without elevation of plasma catecholamines. The tumor was surgically removed and normalization of the patient's blood pressure followed. Thus, monitoring of blood pressure for 24 h proved useful for the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma and, in particular, of paroxysmal hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Xenon CT CBF mapping derived from two minutes inhalation].

Although xenon enhanced CT method for local cerebral blood flow measurement has been brought into a clinical practice, the technique has inherent limitations including anesthetic effects and expensive cost of xenon by a large consumption. To overcome these problems a modified method with a short-duration inhalation was developed and its validity was attested. Siemens Somatom SF with a resolution of 256 X 256 pixels and a scan time of 10 seconds was used. The subjects inhaled 50% Xe/O2 gas mixture from an apparatus consisted of Douglas bag and an open circuit. Xenon concentration in the expired gas was continuously monitored and estimated for arterial blood concentration by using a hematocrit correction. PaCO2 was monitored throughout the study. At the starting point and the endpoint of the inhalation two scans were performed respectively. Thus obtained four images were processed for CT noise cancellation, summation and subtraction to produce an in vivo autoradiography image. Local CBF was calculated from equations derived from the autoradiographic technique with a fixed partition coefficient of lambda = 1. Computer simulation studies were performed to find the optimal scan point to obtain an autoradiographic image and to estimate the calculation errors of this method. One minute and forty-five seconds was found to be the optimal scan point to gain an autoradiographic image in view of a balance between linearity of CBF/enhancement curve and total amount of tissue enhancement. The theoretical errors due to the assumption for a fixed partition coefficient were calculated to be 8% underestimation for gray matter and 5% overestimation for white matter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Inhalation↗