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Biomedical subjects

R V Katz

Publications and source records attributed to R V Katz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Lip cancer. Incidence trends in Connecticut, 1935-1985.

Suspicions have recently arisen that cancer of the lip may exert an undue influence on overall oral cancer statistics and, therefore, possibly distort the true image of intraoral cancer. The authors investigated this question through epidemiologic analysis. A total of 2291 cases of lip cancer accessioned by the Connecticut Tumor Registry (CTR) from 1935 to 1985 (23.6% of all oral cancer) were analyzed. Occurrence trends for males and females had different patterns: for men, the age-adjusted incidence rates showed a fivefold decrease during the 51-year study; for women, the rates were relatively low and constant during the same period. Analysis for age-specific rates revealed that the older the age group, the higher the incidence rates for both sexes. Squamous cell carcinoma accounted for at least 87.4% of all lip cancers (96.2% if nonspecified epithelial neoplasms are assumed to be squamous cell carcinoma). The vermilion border of lower lip was the most common site. Moderately differentiated tumors were most common (48.5%), closely followed by well-differentiated tumors (44.2%). Analysis by county showed that the crude incidence rates for males in New London and Windham counties exceeded the average Connecticut statewide rates. The authors concluded that the epidemiology of Connecticut lip cancer differs significantly from that of intraoral squamous cell carcinoma in the same population studied within the same period of time. Epidemiologic studies involving "oral cancer" should direct attention to anatomic subsite to consider differences in disease trends according to specific location.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Periodontal effects of fixed partial denture retainer margins: configuration and location.

Our purpose was to study the periodontal response to posterior fixed partial denture (FPD) retainers with different marginal configurations and locations. One posterior proximal site restored with a clinically acceptable FPD and one matched, unrestored posterior proximal site were examined in 60 subjects. Assessments were made of the FPD retainers and the periodontal responses to both the long-term and short-term use of these retainers. Periodontal examination included assessment of probing depth and bleeding on probing and determination of plaque index and the gingival index scores. Statistical analysis showed that "clinically acceptable" FPDs, which had clinically detectable deviations from an ideal (flat) retainer/tooth configuration, were not associated with increased probing depth or bleeding on probing when compared to the matched, unrestored teeth at both examinations. As a group, sites adjacent to subgingival retainer margins were not associated with greater probing depths than sites adjacent to supragingival retainer margins. These findings suggest that long-term exposure to variations of FPD margin configuration and location, within clinically acceptable but less than ideal parameters, are not associated with the destruction of the supporting periodontal tissues.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Changing trends in oral cancer in the United States, 1935 to 1985: a Connecticut study.

An extensive epidemiologic study was undertaken in an attempt to analyze patterns of oral cancer distribution and demography in Connecticut between 1935 and 1985. Sources of data for the investigation included both the Connecticut Tumor Registry (CTR) and the University of Connecticut Oral Pathology Biopsy Service. During the 51-year study period, 9,708 cases of primary oral cancer were reported to the CTR. Male age-adjusted incidence rates for overall oral cancer remained stable between 1935 and 1964 (14.5 to 14.8 per 100,000), with a gradual decline to 10.9 per 100,000 in the early 1980s. In contrast, age-adjusted rates for females advanced approximately threefold, from 1.4 per 100,000 in the 1930s to 4.1 per 100,000 in the early 1980s. There was a decrease in age-specific rates of oral cancer in males aged 70 and older; in contrast, age-specific incidence rates in females increased steadily over the same period. It was also found that female birth cohorts born in 1900 and later exhibited higher oral cancer incidence rates than those of previous cohorts. Between the 1960s and the present, male patients 30 to 39 years of age exhibited a nearly fourfold increase in oral cancer incidence; this was not observed among similarly aged females. Connecticut counties with highest oral cancer incidence rates in both sexes were the more densely populated Hartford and New Haven counties. In general, the picture of oral cancer, as revealed through analysis of cases accessioned by the University biopsy service between 1975 and 1986, exhibited similar trends to those disclosed by analysis of CTR data.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Intraoral squamous cell carcinoma. Epidemiologic patterns in Connecticut from 1935 to 1985.

There were 6181 cases of invasive intraoral squamous cell carcinoma accessioned by the Connecticut State Tumor Registry from 1935 to 1985. Cases were analyzed for age, sex, lesion site, and histologic differentiation. Crude, age-specific, and age-adjusted incidence rates plus birth cohort analyses were also calculated. It was found that incidence rates for both men and women increased over the 51-year period of study. For men, age-adjusted incidence rates (1970 United States standard) increased from 4.9/100,000 in 1935 to 1939 to 8.5/100,000 in 1980 to 1985; for women, rates increased from 0.5/100,000 to 3.3/100,000 for the same period. The male-to-female ratio for intraoral squamous cell carcinoma declined dramatically from 9.8 to 2.6 during the 51-year study period primarily because of the steep rate of increased incidence in women relative to that seen in men. The peak age of intraoral squamous cell carcinoma was the seventh decade. Age-specific analysis showed that the older the age group, the higher the incidence for both sexes. During recent years, there was evidence of slightly increased incidence in men younger than 40. The tongue was the most common site for intraoral squamous cell carcinoma, followed closely by the floor of the mouth. Moderately differentiated tumors were most common (54.3% of the total), followed by both well-differentiated cases (29.1%) and those that were poorly differentiated (16.6%).

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Epidemiology of oral cancer in Connecticut, 1935 to 1985.

All cases of oral cancer (N = 9708) recorded by the Connecticut Tumor Registry from 1935 to 1985 were analyzed for time-trend patterns within 10-year age-groups. Crude, age-specific, age-adjusted incidence rates and birth cohort analyses were calculated. The average annual age-adjusted incidence rate was 12.9/100,000 for men and 2.9/100,000 for women (1970 US standard million population). The male age-adjusted incidence rate decreased 33% from the late 1930s to the early 1980s. The female age-adjusted incidence rate exhibited a threefold steady increase over this same time period. The male/female ratio for oral cancer incidence declined dramatically from 10.4 to 2.7 for the age-adjusted rate, nearly a fourfold decrease during the 51- year period. Birth cohort analyses for women indicated a marked increase in oral cancer incidence for the birth cohort of 1900, which was sustained in the birth cohorts that followed. Birth cohort analyses for men revealed a decline in oral cancer incidence for birth cohorts born after 1910. The highest incidence rates were found in the urban counties and the lowest in the rural areas.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Oral cancer: a survey of 566 cases from the University of Connecticut Oral Pathology Biopsy Service, 1975-1986.

A survey of the University of Connecticut Oral Pathology Biopsy Service was undertaken to analyze cases of oral cancer accessioned during the 12-year period, 1975 through 1986 inclusive. Of 33,429 total specimens accessioned, there were 546 malignant oral neoplasms diagnosed and reported. Sixty-five (11.5%) originated from out of state. Invasive intraoral squamous cell carcinoma was the predominant tumor (69.7% of total), whereas lip cancer constituted only 2.8% of all malignancies. Minor salivary gland adenocarcinomas accounted for 11% of total malignancies whereas verrucous carcinoma, carcinoma in situ, and miscellaneous other forms of oral cancer accounted for the remainder (4.6%, 5.3%, and 6.6%, respectively). Cases of invasive squamous cell carcinoma were further analyzed by year, sex distribution, location subsite, age at diagnosis, and histologic grade. With the exception of histologic grading, we found that the characterization of cases of squamous cell carcinoma within the biopsy service tended to parallel results from a separate but related statewide analysis of both oral cancer and intraoral squamous cell carcinoma from Connecticut over a much longer time span. We concluded that the picture of oral cancer as characterized by cases within the University of Connecticut Oral Pathology Biopsy Service is generally reflective of the disease on a statewide level.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Clinical signs of root caries: measurement issues from an epidemiologic perspective.

The measurement of root caries using a relatively precise, utilitarian, and universally-acceptable methodology based upon clinical signs is a critical and necessary step in the progression of the epidemiologic study of this oral disease. While a clinician directly involved in the care of a patient will always incorporate spontaneous judgment-based-upon-experience into the diagnostic process, the clinical investigator must rely upon a much more standardized approach to the diagnosis of root caries. A comprehensive overview of the current epidemiologic research findings and methodologic literature for root caries precedes a series of discussions on methodologic issues that relate to the measurement of root caries in epidemiologic study conditions. Topics discussed include: (1) appropriate categories of lesions for inclusion (active vs. inactive and supragingival vs. subgingival lesions), (2) surface visibility issues (clinical treatment effects and oral debris accumulations), and (3) examination techniques (examination instruments and use of radiographs). The final section of this article proposes seven diagnostic conventions for use by investigators when they are diagnosing root caries in descriptive, analytical, and experimental epidemiologic studies.

DMF Index↗
PubMed1990

Economic impact of dental service utilization by older adults.

A total of 747 general dental practitioners--in Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, and Minnesota--responded to a questionnaire in 1988 by completing a detailed productivity report of patient services performed during a specified period. The results, based on 11,909 patient visits and 22,712 dental procedures, indicated that stereotypes of older adults as underutilizers of dental care are incorrect. This finding and others, detailed within this article, indicate that older adults make up a substantial portion of regular patients and that their utilization of dental services should increase throughout 1990.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The effects of resin-bonded and conventional fixed partial dentures on the periodontium: restoration type evaluated.

The purpose of this study was to compare the long-term and short-term periodontal response to three different modalities of fixed prosthodontic tooth replacement. Posterior proximal sites adjacent to abutment teeth supporting etched metal and two designs of conventional fixed partial dentures (FPDs) were assessed 6 months to 5 years after insertion. For the long-term observation, the etched metal resin-bonded FPDs had significantly greater plaque scores than both of the conventional designs. The resin-bonded FPD group had statistically, but not clinically, significant increased probing depths than the supragingival FPD group. In spite of the increased levels of supragingival plaque associated with the etched metal FPD, this type of fixed prosthesis was no more injurious to the periodontium than the subgingival conventional FPD designs.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Risk of enamel fluorosis associated with fluoride supplementation, infant formula, and fluoride dentifrice use.

Eight hundred fifty 11- to 14-year-old residents of nonfluoridated communities in Massachusetts and Connecticut, who were born between 1972 and 1975, were investigated in a case-control study of the possible association between enamel fluorosis and exposure to fluoride supplements, infant formula, and/or fluoride dentifrice. The effect of median household income, an indicator of socioeconomic status, was also examined. Clinical examination, using the Fluorosis Risk Index, a fluorosis index developed for this project, allowed cases and controls to be identified based upon the specific time period of exposure to the various sources of ingested fluoride. Risk factor exposure was assessed via a mailed questionnaire with a response rate of 80%. Mild-to-moderate enamel fluorosis was strongly associated with fluoride supplementation during the first six years of life (odds ratio = 4.0) and with median household income (odds ratio = 6.6). Subjects in the middle median household income group who had used fluoride supplements through the first six years of life had a 28-fold increase in the risk of fluorosis compared with unexposed subjects in the lower median household income group. An odds ratio of 1.7 associated with infant formula use was suggestive of an increased risk of enamel fluorosis as was an odds ratio of 2.9 associated with fluoride dentifrice use.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Distribution of acid-etched, fixed, and removable prostheses in dental patients.

This report describes the pattern of tooth replacement for a random sample of adult dental patients in a major urban area in the northeastern United States. The data were collected by using a practitioner-based epidemiologic monitoring system that had been established with the local dental society. Nearly 90% of the randomly selected dentists collected the data on all adult patients seen during a 1-week period. The 2069 patients examined were predominantly regular users of dental care with a relatively even distribution across 10-year age groups. There was a slight preponderance of women in the sample (55%). There were no significant differences between men and women in terms of mean numbers of missing teeth. Overall, 92% were dentulous in both arches, 6% were edentulous in one arch, and 2% were totally edentulous. When the space was available for replacement, molars and premolars showed the lowest percentages of replacement in both arches for each age group. Overall, 14.4% of the replaced teeth were replaced by a fixed partial denture, of which acid-etched fixed partial dentures contributed 0.6% and conventional fixed partial dentures the remaining 13.8%. Removable prostheses replaced 85.6% of the missing teeth. The proportion of fixed replacements was highest in the youngest age groups and the proportion of removable replacements was dominating in the older age groups. Acid-etched fixed partial dentures were found most frequently in the youngest and oldest age groups.

Acid Etching, Dental↗