[The development of the public health system in Russia and its social essence].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R V Korotkikh.
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The availability of free health care to all citizens has been regarded as a great achievement of the Soviet society. In recent decades, however, decreased funding of the state-run health care system has led to a deterioration in the quality and quantity of available medical equipment and services. More than 50 percent of the Russian population is dissatisfied with the health care system and the attitudes and moral standards of their health care providers. This article discusses the degree, nature, and some of the causes of the public's dissatisfaction and concludes with a preliminary look toward the future of the Russian health care system.
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The paper analyzes the development of medical ethics in the USSR, and its socio-psychological, scientific-technological, and organizational factors. Special attention is given to the interdependence of moral-ethical problems with organizational issues.
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The socio-ethical aspect in the development of primary health care in Russia is discussed. The authors analyze the role of this type of care in provision of available and free of charge, which is important in principle, medical care at the level of the primary contact between a patient and medical worker. Primary health care under present-day conditions should occupy one of the principal positions in the public health reforms. The major approaches to priority development of health care are considered, including the renaissance of the progressive traditions of zemstvo medicine, development of new approaches to redistribution of scarce resources of public health on the basis of social justice principle, social control of the distribution of resources, purposeful attention to personnel training, including training of general practitioners (family physicians), solution of a number of organizational, medicosocial, legal, ethical, and other problems, and expansion of contacts with popular medicine.